Asplenium ceterach

Asplenium ceterach (syn. Ceterach officinarum) is a fern species commonly known as rustyback.[3]

Rustyback
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Aspleniaceae
Genus: Asplenium
Species:
A. ceterach
Binomial name
Asplenium ceterach
Synonyms

Ceterach officinarum Willd.

Description

It is characterised by a short rhizome which gives rise to several green fronds that have a pinnated lamina with trichomes on the abaxial (lower) surface, but not the adaxial (upper) one. These trichomes (hairs) are orange-brown in colour, hence the name "rustyback". The petiole is shorter than the corpus of the leaf.

Taxonomy

Linnaeus was the first to describe rustyback with the binomial Asplenium ceterach in his Species Plantarum of 1753.[4]

A global phylogeny of Asplenium published in 2020 divided the genus into eleven clades,[5] which were given informal names pending further taxonomic study. A. scolopendrium belongs to the "Ceterach subclade" of the "Phyllitis clade".[6] Members of the Phyllitis clade have undivided or pinnatifid leaf blades with a thick, leathery texture, persistent scales on their stalk, and often possess anastomosing veins. Members of the Ceterach subclade have pinnatifid leaves, usually with a thick covering of hairs and/or scales and irregularly anastomosing veins.[7]

Distribution and habitat

This species is found in Western and Central Europe, including the Mediterranean region, in the Arabian Peninsula and in temperate Asia as far east as Tibet.[8] It is associated with fissures in carbonate rocks and also grows on the mortar of stone and brick walls. Can be found growing up to 2700 metres above the sea level, although it prefers mountainous locations, where it is usually found growing in sunny rocky walls and slopes.

Unlike many others, this fern likes growing in full sun, and requires little, if any, humidity.[9]

Traditional uses

It has been widely used for making infusions as a diuretic.

Desiccation tolerance

This fern is well known as a resurrection plant due to its ability to withstand desiccation and subsequently recover on rewetting. It has been shown that this is in part due to its high concentrations of phenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid which allow it to negate the destructive capacity of the reactive oxygen species generated by the drying process; the concentrations of these phenols decrease during the dehydration process. Enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase have also been shown to be important in allowing this fern to cope with desiccation; the concentrations of these enzymes increase when the fern is subjected to water shortages.[10]

References
  1. Christenhusz, M., Bento Elias, R., Dyer, R., Ivanenko, Y., Rouhan, G., Rumsey, F. & Väre, H. (2016). "Asplenium ceterach". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T83470465A83470575. Retrieved 31 May 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. "Asplenium ceterach". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2010-12-14.
  3. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum. Vol. II (1st ed.). Stockholm: Laurentii Salvii. p. 1080.
  5. Xu et al. 2020, p. 27.
  6. Xu et al. 2020, p. 30.
  7. Xu et al. 2020, p. 41.
  8. "Asplenium ceterach L.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-06-01.
  9. "Ceterach Officinarum, Doradilla; Flora and Fauna of Cantabria (Spanish)".
  10. Suzana Živković (2010). "Dehydration-related changes of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity in fronds of the resurrection fern Asplenium Ceterach l." Arch. Biol. Sci. 62 (4): 1071–1081. doi:10.2298/ABS1004071Z.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.