Death of Atsumi Yoshikubo

Aurora display near Yellowknife

Since the early 1990s,[10] Yellowknife, capital of Canada's Northwest Territories, has become a popular destination for tourists from Japan.[11] Many come to see the northern lights; while it is locally believed that Japanese folklore holds that a child conceived under them will enjoy good luck and good health,[12] this is an urban legend resulting from a joke on an episode of the American television series Northern Exposure.[10][13] Although Alaska and Scandinavia are also attractive for their auroral displays, Yellowknife is a particularly desirable location for Japanese aurora tourism[4] due to its generally flat and undeveloped surrounding terrain and predominantly clear (albeit cold) weather during its long winter nights.[11] It is estimated that 20% of the city's tourists come from Japan;[14] many hotels publish their restaurant menus in both Japanese and English.[11]

The Explorer Hotel

Unaccompanied, Yoshikubo arrived in Yellowknife from her home in the city of Uto, on the southern Japanese island of Kyushu, on October 17, 2014, a trip she had arranged through a tour operator in Toronto.[15] She checked into the Explorer Hotel, the city's largest, for a week's stay. After doing so, she asked if she could book a seat on an aurora tour and was told they had shut down for the season.[3]

October and November are off-peak times for Japanese tourism in Yellowknife. The northern lights are not as visible as they are at other times of the year and there is usually not enough snow cover for dogsledding, another activity popular with tourists who visit the city in winter. There is, however, enough to make walking on the trails through the boreal forest and bedrock outcrops in and around the city potentially dangerous for unprepared, unguided visitors. The trails themselves become icy and swampy, and the snow makes it harder to distinguish them from the surrounding bush.[15]

In the absence of an organized tour—the way 95% of Japanese visitors see Yellowknife; the rest generally come in groups—Yoshikubo apparently set her own itinerary, keeping to herself.[15] She had travelled alone before, and it is not unusual for Japanese women to do so. However, Japanese women who travel unaccompanied to popular tourist destinations typically congregate informally with other tourists when they get there; Yoshikubo, though, continued to keep to herself.[4]

The Gallery of the Midnight Sun

Security cameras at the Gallery of the Midnight Sun,[16] a popular local gift and souvenir shop in the city's Old Town, recorded her visiting, by herself, and buying some items, apparently meant as gifts for others, on October 19.[5] At another time that day cameras at the city's tourist information centre recorded her visit, again alone.[17] In both she was wearing a pink coat and a darker pink hat with black pants and white shoes.[5]

Yoshikubo's actions over the next two days are unknown. During the morning hours of October 22, the Explorer's security cameras recorded her leaving the building, wearing the same clothing she had been seen in the two days previous.[3] Later, around 11:30 a.m., Jessica Riehl, a retired constable with the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), saw Yoshikubo walking along the Ingraham Trail between Niven and Jackfish lakes near the city's northern limits, a largely undeveloped area. She reported the sighting, the last time Yoshikubo is known to have been seen, several days later when news of the Japanese woman's disappearance broke (although she was not completely confident as to the date, since she said she takes that route regularly).[2]

Yoshikubo never returned to her hotel. Three days later, when the staff realized she had either left without checking out or overstayed her reservation, they entered her room. Inside they found her luggage, all packed. They reported her missing to the RCMP, who checked at Yellowknife's airport, where they learned she had not boarded her flight home, either.[3]

The RCMP began an intense search effort, using both personnel on the ground and aerial assets to cover the expanses of taiga north and west of the city near where Yoshikubo had last been seen, or could have been reasonably expected to have walked to from her hotel. Residents, fearing that she had met with foul play on the trails and motivated by concern for her distant family, joined in the search with their own informal efforts.[4] The search was given extra urgency by the onset of colder wintry weather[18] and lengthening nights.[19]

Taiga and bedrock terrain typical of searched areas

The disappearance and search became a national news story,[3][5] with five Japanese news outlets flying crews to Yellowknife to cover it for audiences in their country.[15][20] There were concerns that the incident could result in less Japanese tourism in the city. Of the 60,000 Japanese who had come to Yellowknife to see the northern lights since 2008, she was the first one ever to be reported missing, according to the country's consulate in Calgary.[4]

On November 4, however, the RCMP called off the search. Based on what they had found in Yoshikubo's hotel room, and information developed by Japanese police investigating in Uto, they believed she had "arrived in Yellowknife with a plan to go into the wilderness alone and become a missing person".[20] Further, they claimed, she had "taken steps to avoid detection"; however, they declined to give specifics as the case was still open and her body remained undiscovered.[20]

In Japan, Fuji Television reported that Yoshikubo's brother said he had been contacted by the country's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and told that his sister had sent a letter to a female friend before she left suggesting she was planning to end her life in Canada. While her brother believed that the letter existed, he admitted he had not read it.[21] He also doubted that his sister, who had been out of contact with him and their father for ten years, truly intended to die in Yellowknife, pointing to the souvenirs she had been shown purchasing and her return ticket.[5]

"They're continuing to still search and conduct different investigations and follow leads they're getting," an RCMP spokeswoman told Northern News Services a week after the search was called off. "It's just that the search and rescue is done. Just because that part is over, doesn't mean we're giving up."[2] Searchers were concentrating on an area north of the city, using dogs and thermal imaging equipment to supplement their legwork.[15]

Many residents had been profoundly moved by the incident, whether they took part in the search or not. One resident had a condolence card set up for residents to sign at city hall to be sent to Yoshikubo's family in Japan. "I know there was a tremendous amount of local support for the search and I think it's a way for Yellowknifers to let Atsumi's family in Japan know our thoughts are with her family," said city councilman Dan Wong, who announced it at the council's November 10 meeting.[22]

Jessica Riehl, the retired RCMP constable who was the last person known to have seen Yoshikubo, recalled how she had considered asking her if she needed any help.

[A]s I drove past her[,] I thought it might not be the best idea for her being alone." She had considered turning around and going back to offer help, but decided against it. "I thought, it was only 11:30 a.m., she'll be OK ... She looked like she was sightseeing and it was close to zero, it wasn't freezing cold, and her pink coat was knee-length and she had on mitts and a hat—she was dressed for that temperature.[2]

After learning several days later that the woman had been reported missing, Riehl said "I just felt terrible. I didn't sleep much that night. We talked about it at work the next day and how important it is to listen to that little voice on your shoulder ... I will always wonder what happened or if I had stopped, if it would have made a difference in any way."[2]

Recovery efforts continued in warmer weather, albeit on a smaller scale. For its exercises and training sessions, the RCMP's search and rescue team chose areas of the taiga where Yoshikubo might have gone. They kept those locations confidential to ensure that only trained personnel who knew how to process the scene found the body if there was one to be found.[6]

At the beginning of September 2015, the RCMP announced that a hiker in an area off the Ingraham north of the city had found personal effects that were confirmed to be Yoshikubo's.[7] Along with the effects were human remains. However, the agency said, it could take months of forensic testing before it could be determined whether or not those remains were hers.[25] In April 2016 the RCMP confirmed they were, and announced that the case was closed. Since only bone fragments were left, they would not be able to perform an autopsy.[9]

• List of solved missing person cases
• Timeline of Yellowknife history
• Tourism in Canada