Australian rules football in Tasmania

Australian rules football in Tasmania (known locally as "football"), has been played since the late 1870s and draws the largest audience for a football code in the state.

Australian rules football in Tasmania
Governing bodyAFL Tasmania
Representative teamTasmania
First played1879 (1879)
Registered players14,528 (2023)[1]
Clubs86
Club competitions
Audience records
Single match24,968 (1979). TFL Grand Final Glenorchy v Clarence (North Hobart Oval, Hobart)

A 2018 study of Internet traffic showed that 79% of Tasmanians are interested in Australian rules football, the highest rate in the country.[2]

While it is the only state without an Australian Football League (AFL) club, after 30 years of campaigning by the state on 1 May 2023 the league's 18 clubs unanimously approved a 19th license to the state, which is expected to debut in 2028[3] along with the construction of the new Macquarie Point Stadium to be completed by 2019.[4][5]

While the audience for the sport remains significant and population growth has exceeded the national average, participation has been in freefall since 2006. The number of participants halved during the 2000s and has not recovered. Once having the strongest participation per capita,[6] it has dropped below the national average and is now similar to the sport in the Australian Capital Territory and only marginally higher than that in New South Wales and in Queensland.[7] In the 21st century it dropped off the top 10 team sports and the most popular team sports are now basketball and soccer.[8] While the code remains popular in the state's north and Launceston, its popularity has fared much worse in the south and in the state's capital Hobart. With the collapse of numerous clubs and competitions, the sport has undergone numerous restructures over the years. Tasmania has traditionally supplied the AFL with a disproportionately high number of players. Despite efforts to maintain a pathway, in the 2010s and 2020s it began to produce poorly in the AFL Draft and for the first time in history (including 2020 and 2022) Tasmanians missed selection altogether. The general consensus is that the state suffered from being ignored by national governing bodies for decades.[9][10] This prompted the Government of Australia to launch a Senate inquiry in 2008.[11]

The Tasmanian state team competed in senior interstate and State of Origin football; it won matches against all other Australian states (including Victoria, firstly in their 1960 match and most recently in their second last encounter in 1990) as well as several second division titles (including 1908 and 1947). Peter Hudson represented Tasmania more times than any other player, with 19 caps. The side played its last senior representative match in 1993. Tasmania continues to field underage sides in the national underage championships as part of a talent pathway to the AFL and remains a successful side with 8 Division two titles, the most recent in 2018. Tasmania has also fielded teams in the VFL (2001–2008), the TAC Cup (1996–2002; 2019-) and defeated a NEAFL representative side in 2013 as the Tasmania Mariners/Devils.

AFL premiership matches have been played every year except 2020 since 2001 with the first held at the North Hobart Oval in 1991. Attendance at these matches, per capita, up to the 2000s and 2010s were the highest in Australia with an average of more than 16,000 per game. Tasmanian Devils VFL home crowds averaged 4,000 a season until the Devils unpopular alignment with AFL club North Melbourne began in 2006. Many viewed it as an AFL attempt at club relocation and as a result average AFL attendances halved after the club began playing home games in Hobart. Tasmanian television audiences for the AFL were also among the highest per capita, consistently drawing bigger ratings than both Queensland and New South Wales; however, they too fell in the 2010s. These factors increased the urgency of the state's bid for an AFL club of its own.

Over 300 Tasmanians have played the game at the highest level, the VFL/AFL. Tasmania has four Australian Football Hall of Fame legends: Darrell Baldock, Peter Hudson, Ian Stewart and Royce Hart.

Matthew Richardson has the most AFL goals for a Tasmanian with 800. The highest profile current men's player is Jack Riewoldt, who also holds the Tasmanian record for most AFL games. Current women's player Jess Wuetschner holds the AFLW games and goals records for a Tasmanian.

History

English public school games: 1851-1879

Organised "Foot-ball" matches have been recorded in Van Diemens Land since 1851 and matches in southern Tasmanian towns of Hobart and Richmond between 1853 and 1855[12][13][14] significantly pre-date those recorded across Bass Strait in suburban Melbourne.

Rugby historian Sean Fagan claims that early matches played in Tasmania may have been an early form of rugby football, pointing to early mentions of goal posts with cross-bars and offside rules of later Tasmanian clubs.[15]

Accounts from Tasmanians of these early matches indicate that, as in early Victoria, they played mostly English public school football games particularly Rugby football, Harrow football and Eton football (the latter being similar to soccer) among others.[16]

However, apart from the fact that they were organised and played, few details of these matches actually survive, and the popularity of football in the fast-growing colony of Victoria quickly eclipsed the following that the pastime had in newly named colony of Tasmania.

First football clubs appear: 1864-1878

The "football" club formed in New Town in 1864 is believed to be the earliest in Tasmania – but disbanded soon after. A series of high-profile matches were played between New Town and Hobart Football Club (now defunct) in 1866, though it is not known under which rules, though it is likely to have been under Victorian Rules.[17] Significantly not long later, cricket clubs passed a motion prohibiting football from being played on their grounds.[18]

By the mid- to late 1860s, more stable clubs, including Derwent and Stowell Football, emerged.

In 1871 the Break O'Day club was formed followed in 1875 by the Launceston Football Club and Launceston Church Grammar School in 1876.

Even by 1876, Tasmanian clubs had not decided on which rules to play. "Victorian Football Rules" began to gain favour only as the strong growth of the code in Victoria and Queensland became evident, even still most clubs preferred to play by their own rules[16]

Other clubs to form were Longford (1878) and Cornwall (1879), which became City in 1880. The City and Richmond clubs were formed in 1877 and the Oatlands and Railway clubs in 1879.

New Town formally started in 1878 and along with City and Richmond formed the basis of the game in Hobart, while in Launceston the abovementioned clubs formed the basis for the NTFA. New Norfolk District Football Club (1878) was one of the stronger regional clubs and North Hobart Football Club (1881) is another survivor of these early years.

Intercolonial football and adoption of the Victorian Rules: 1879

W H Cundy, Captain of the Tasmanian Football Team in 1887
South Tasmanian football team that toured Sydney in 1890

On 1 May 1879 members of the Tasmanian Cricket Association met and decided to form a club for their members, to be called Cricketers. They initially adopted English Association Rules (soccer) before succumbing to the pressure to play Victorian Rules.

In 1879 the Hotham Football Club (now North Melbourne) wrote to Tasmanian clubs for an intercolonial challenge. The Tasmanians initially deferred the challenge due to no uniform rules among its clubs. On July 5, 1881, it played a combined Hobart team defeated them 3 goals 2 in front of 1500 spectators.[19] Following the intercolonial, Tasmanian clubs adopted a slightly modified version of the Victorian game.[20]

More intercolonials against Victorian clubs followed shortly after the official adoption of the code. The Essendon Football Club visited in 1882 playing against a combined Tasmanian side in front of more than 3,000 spectators.[21]

An Intrastate rivalry develops: 1900-

Tasmania defeated Queensland by 20 goals at the Jubilee Australasian Football Carnival in 1908

The history of local Tasmanian football differs considerably from any of the mainland states. Whereas mainland states had a major population centre around which a single dominant league was based, Tasmania's population was more evenly distributed. The consequences of this on Tasmanian football history are three-fold: firstly, a strong intrastate rivalry not noted in any mainland state; secondly, three different top-level football leagues in different regions of the state; and thirdly, the ability for teams representing very small towns to be competitive in the top leagues.

The Tasmanian Football League, based around Hobart, began in 1879. The Northern Tasmanian Football Association, based around Launceston, began in 1886.

Victorian clubs Fitzroy Football Club and Collingwood Football Club visited in 1901 and 1902 respectively winning convincingly against the NTFA.[22][23]

A third top-level league, although not recognised as such until later, was the North West Football Union, contested by teams on the north-western coast of the state west of Latrobe, which began in 1910.

Cananore vs North Hobart at the North Hobart Oval in 1922 drew a crowd of more than 5,000
North Launceston Football Club, NTFA premiers in 1923

Victorian club Collingwood FC again visited Launceston in 1923 and played against the NTFA.[24]

The leagues were small in the pre-WWI era, with only three clubs competing in the TFL and NTFA, and four in the NWFU. Intrastate games between representative teams in the leagues were a regular fixture during these years. In the 1920s, the TANFL (as the TFL was now known) and NFTA expanded to four teams apiece, and the NWFU to six.

In 1929, Victorian club Collingwood FC again visited both Launceston and Hobart, playing against the NTFA and SFA respectively.[25]

After World War II, all leagues underwent further expansion. The TANFL switched to a district-based selection, and expanded to six clubs. The NFTA also expanded to six teams. The NWFU expanded from six teams to as many as fourteen, with a short-lived incorporation of four Circular Head-based clubs, but eventually contracted back to eight.

Women's football in Launceston in 1941. Tasmania was one of the first states to hold regular women's competition.
A record crowd of 18,387 packed the North Hobart Ground to see VFL clubs Fitzroy and Melbourne in 1952
Tasmania's intervarsity powerhouse, UTAS takes on Melbourne University in 1954

The local leagues were extremely popular and attracted large crowds. The TANFL Grand Final between Glenorchy and Clarence at the North Hobart Oval in 1979 attracted a record crowd of 24,968 which, although ostensibly small in comparison to mainland crowds, represented 15% of Hobart's population at the time.

Statewide Competition

There were always attempts made to somehow consolidate the major Tasmanian leagues into one statewide competition. The earliest and longest-lasting was the Tasmanian State Premiership, which began (officially) in 1909 as a single Grand Final game between the TANFL and NTFA premiers, for the right to be the State Premiers. The Hobart-based teams initially dominated, winning the first fourteen such contests. In 1950, the NWFU Premier was also invited to contest for the State Premiership. The final State Premiership was played in 1978.

The next attempt at statewide competition was the Winfield Statewide Cup, a seven-week tournament played prior to the 1980 season amongst all twenty teams in the TANFL, NTFA and NWFU, plus one team from the Circular Head Football Association (Smithton, who would join the NWFU that season). The competition was not popular with the northern clubs, who believed the organisation of the league biased towards the Hobart-based league. In response, they refused to play another Winfield Statewide Cup. Instead, the NTFA and NWFU joined to form the Greater Northern Football League, which resembled the old Statewide Premiership format, with the winners of the individual leagues playing off for the GNFL premiership. The GNFL experiment lasted only the 1981 and 1982 seasons.

In 1986 and 1987, a true Statewide League was finally realised, when five of the northern clubs left their respective leagues to join the TANFL, renamed the TFL Statewide League: North Launceston, East Launceston and City-South left the NTFA in 1986 (the latter two merging to form South Launceston), and Devonport and Cooee (which was renamed Burnie for the move) left the NWFU in 1987. The two northern leagues merged to form the Northern Tasmanian Football League.

Crowd at a TFL match in Hobart - North Hobart vs North Launceston.

From that point, Tasmanian local football slowly dwindled as teams began to lose money. Clubs began to leave both the NTFL and the Statewide league throughout the 1990s, returning to local or amateur competitions with lower travel costs, or in some cases (such as the TANFL's Sandy Bay Football Club) fold completely. Only six teams remained in the Statewide League by 2000, and after one of the most poorly attended Grand Finals in seventy years, the league folded. The clubs that survived returned to the NTFL and the newly formed Southern Football League.

The Tasmanian Devils and the VFL

Upon the disbanding of the TFL in 2000, the Tasmanian Devils was formed in 2001 and admitted into the Victorian Football League in its inaugural year. The team played home games in Launceston, Hobart, Ulverstone, Burnie and Devonport during its time in the league. The Devils attracted a strong following in comparison with many other VFL clubs at the time.

AFL aligns North Melbourne with Tasmania (2006)

At the start of the 2006 season the Devils and the Australian Football League's North Melbourne Football Club began a partial alignment, allowing six North Melbourne listed players to play for Tasmania when not selected in the seniors, and arrangement which lasted from 2006 until 2007. This was unpopular among local fans, significantly harming the popularity of the club; and the season proved to be a disappointment on-field, with the Devils finishing ninth and missing the finals.[26][27]

The Devils were wound up at the conclusion of the 2008 season in order to make room for the return of the TFL in 2009.

Tasmania and the National AFL Competition (1990-)

Tasmania's strong State of Origin team was one of the main reasons that the state held off expressing serious interest in joining the AFL competition. The state's historically strong supporter base for Australian rules football, one of the highest participation rates in the country and strong local leagues were also factors. However the team's strong performances against Victoria in the early 1990s prompted Tasmanian officials to open talks with the AFL.[28]

Tasmania was seen as a relocation target for the AFL's struggling clubs and in 1991 the Fitzroy Football Club were contracted for two home games a season at North Hobart Oval[29] however the experiment ended in 1992 when the venture resulted in a large financial loss for the Lions.

After the state side's last representative appearance in 1993, Tasmania stepped up its bids for inclusion in the national competition.

Between 1996 and 1998 a bid was prepared that involved the construction of a 30,000-capacity stadium in the Hobart showgrounds in Glenorchy, at the cost of $34 million. The stadium would have been the team's only home ground, but the appeal was unsuccessful and the stadium was not built.

In 2001, AFL clubs St Kilda and Hawthorn began playing home matches in Launceston at York Park (later known as Aurora Stadium), supported by the Tasmanian government in an attempt to build a local following. St Kilda ended its arrangement after 2006. Hawthorn however increased its presence in the state as part of an agreement with the tourism component of the Tasmanian government, whereby they were contracted to play four games in the state and the Tasmanian Government will be the major sponsor for the club.

A government-backed Tasmanian bid was prepared in response to the AFL admitting new licences for the Gold Coast and Western Sydney for the 2010 and 2011 seasons. While the AFL admitted that the state had put together a stronger business case, it was once again rejected by the league. AFL CEO Andrew Demetriou was quoted to have said to the Tasmanian premier Paul Lennon "Not now, not ever".[30] Hobart's major daily newspaper The Mercury started a petition in response to this news on 16 April 2008.[31] The premier vowed to bypass the AFL CEO and take the appeal directly to the AFL Commission.

On 30 July, the Tasmanian government announced that it had secured a major sponsor, Mars for the bid in a deal worth $4 million over 3 years. It was long doubted by the AFL that the Tasmanian club would secure corporate interest before a proposal is accepted by the AFL and this announcement came as a major shock as it was before a sponsor could be found for either the Gold Coast or Western Sydney Clubs and as AFL clubs Richmond[32] and Western Bulldogs[33] was left without a major sponsor for 2009. In addition to the Gemba financial audit of the bid to meet the AFL criteria, the Tasmania team had secured more than 20,000 potential members, ahead of the Gold Coast and Western Sydney bid in raw numbers.[34]

Hawthorn Football Club (2001-)

Since 2001 Hawthorn has successfully cultivated a following in Tasmania playing numerous home games at York Park with its Tasmanian membership base has increased from 1,000 to more than 9,000. Recent studies have valued Hawthorn's economic impact in Tasmania and national brand exposure to total $29.5 million in 2014.[35] Since 2006, Hawthorn has increased its presence in the state as part of an agreement with the tourism component of the Tasmanian government, whereby they are contracted to play four games in the state and the Tasmanian Government will be the major sponsor for the club. This relationship was renewed for a further period for five years (2012–16) in November 2011.

On 31 July 2015, Hawthorn extended their partnership with Tasmania for a further five years.[35]

North Melbourne Football Club (2012-)

The North Melbourne Football Club has confirmed that it will play two games per year in Hobart at Bellerive Oval starting from 2012.[36]

The Return of the Statewide League (2009-)

After an eight-year absence, the Tasmanian Football League made a return in 2009. Ten teams were initially represented: from the south, North Hobart, Glenorchy, Hobart, Clarence, Lauderdale; from the north, Launceston, North Launceston, South Launceston; and from the north-western coast, Burnie and Devonport. All clubs except for Lauderdale had at some stage been part of the original Statewide League.

The league's membership underwent changes in 2014. South Launceston left the league and was replaced by the newly established Western Storm, based in western Launceston; North Hobart was disbanded and reincorporated into a new club called Hobart City;[37] and Hobart, which was to have been a joint partner in the Hobart City club before withdrawing from the deal,[38] was replaced by the Tigers FC, based in Kingston.[39]

Participation

In 2019, there were 14,465 participants, player numbers have halved in just over a decade and the participation had plunged to 3.3, ranking 5th in the country ahead of only NSW/ACT and Queensland.[7]

In 2007, there were 4,500 senior players and a total of 32,138 participants in Aussie Rules in Tasmania.[40] A total participation per capita of 5% is the second-highest participation in the country, behind the Northern Territory.[6]

Audience

Attendance record

Major Australian Rules Events in Tasmania

Tasmanian Football Team of the Century

In 2004 the Board of Management of AFL Tasmania named a Team of the Century for the state. It had 18 on field and seven interchange players as well as an umpire, coach and assistant coach.

Team of the Century
B: Verdun Howell Tassie Johnson Ivor Warne-Smith
HB: Barry Lawrence Laurie Nash Brent Crosswell
C: Rodney Eade Ian Stewart Arthur Hodgson
HF: Darrel Baldock (c) Royce Hart Daryn Cresswell
F: Horrie Gorringe Peter Hudson Alastair Lynch
Foll: Percy Jones John Leedham (vc) Terry Cashion
Int: Neil Conlan Darrin Pritchard Paul Williams
Michael Roach Len Pye Rex Garwood
Matthew Richardson
Coach: Roy Cazaly

Representative Side

Tasmania representative team 1908
1911 Tasmanian state side from the Adelaide carnival that defeated the Western Australian state team on Adelaide Oval.

The Tasmanian representative team have played State of Origin test matches against all other Australian states. The team's last appearance was at the 1993 State of Origin Championships.

The team wears and all green guernsey with maroon trims and a gold insignia map of Tasmania more recently an embossed T symbol for Tasmania.

Tasmania fields Underage teams at both Under 16 and Under 18 levels in both the AFL Under 19 Championships and 2021 AFL Women's Under 19 Championships.

See Also Interstate matches in Australian rules football

A combined state team usually plays other state competitions around Australia, such as AFL Queensland in 2007, 2009, and 2010.

Governing body

The governing body for Aussie Rules in Tasmania is AFL Tasmania.

In 2009 the three main community football leagues The Northern Tasmanian Football League, Northern Tasmanian Football Association, and the Southern Football League established the Tasmanian Football Council which is a united body that represents community Footballs interests in the state. The council has membership with the Australian Amateur Football Council.

The Tasmanian government set up the Football Tasmania Board in 2019 to provide advice to the government on the state of the game in Tasmania.[41][42][43]

Leagues & Clubs

State Leagues/clubs (past and present)

A map showing the location of major past and present clubs in the statewide league, TANFL/TFL, NTFA and NWFU

Current clubs

Tasmanian Football League

Northern Tasmanian Football Association

North West Football Union

Local Leagues

Defunct Local Leagues

Junior

  • Northern Tasmanian Junior Football Association (NTJFA)
  • Northern Tasmanian Junior Football League (NTJFL)
  • Southern Tasmania Junior Football League

Masters

  • Masters Australian Football Tasmania

Umpires

  • TFUA – Tasmanian Football Umpires Association
  • NTFUA – Northern Tasmanian Football Umpires Association
  • NWUA – North West Umpires Association

Tasmanian Women's Football League

The Tasmanian Women's Football League (TWFL) was established in 2007 and there are now 8 women's teams in the league statewide. These are:

Burnie Dockers, Clarence Football Club, Evandale, Glenorchy Football Club, Launceston Football Club, Mersey Leven, South East Suns, Tiger City.[44]

Grand Final results

  • 2008 – Clarence Roos...[44]
  • 2009 – Clarence Roos...[44]
  • 2010 – Launceston FC...[44]
  • 2011 – Clarence Roos...[44]
  • 2012 – Clarence Roos...[44]
  • 2013 – Clarence Roos...[44]
  • 2014 – Burnie[45]
  • 2015 – Clarence Roos[46]
  • 2016 – Burnie[47]

Tasmanian State League Woman's

On Wednesday 19 April 2017, AFL Tasmania announced the formation of the TSLW. A five-team woman's league which will comprise:

  • Clarence
  • Burnie Dockers
  • Glenorchy
  • Launceston
  • Tigers FC.[48]

They will compete over a 15-round season, commencing on Saturday 29 April 2017.[48]

SFLW
  • Blues
  • Claremont Women
  • Demons Women
  • Port Women
  • South East Suns Women

[49]

NTFAW (2019)
  • Bridgenorth
  • Evandale
  • George Town
  • Meander Valley
  • Old Launcestonians (OLFC)
  • Old Scotch
  • Scottsdale
  • South Launceston
TWL North West
  • Circular Head Giants
  • Devonport Magpies
  • Latrobe
  • Penguin
  • Ulverstone

[50]

Principal Venues

The following venues meet AFL Standard criteria and have been used to host AFL (National Standard) or AFLW level matches (Regional Standard) are listed by capacity.[51]

Hobart Launceston Hobart
Bellerive Oval York Park North Hobart Oval
Capacity: 19,500 Capacity: 19,000 Capacity: 18,000
Bellerive Oval (Hobart) during an AFL match York Park (Launceston) during an AFL match North Hobart Oval
Hobart Devonport
KGV Oval Devonport Oval
Capacity: 18,000 Capacity: 14,000
KGV Oval Devonport Oval

Players

Tasmania has supplied over 300 players to the elite level.

Greats

Tasmania has three Australian Football Hall of Fame legends: St Kilda and Latrobe premiership captain and three-time Wander Medallist Darrel Baldock, dual Leitch Medallist and twelve-time league goalkicking champion Peter Hudson and three-time Brownlow Medallist Ian Stewart.

Other players from Tasmania include Hall of Fame inductees Royce Hart, Vic Belcher, Horrie Gorringe, Matthew Richardson, Laurie Nash.

AFL Tasmania also maintains its own Tasmanian Football Hall of Fame with hundreds of footballers, many of whom also played in the AFL.

AFL Recruitment Zones

In the absence of a Tasmanian AFL club, the Australian Football League granted its North Melbourne Football Club full access to Tasmania via its academy Recruitment Zone since 2016. This also meant that when North Melbourne entered the AFLW in 2019, it was given access to the Tasmanian talent from across the league so as to act as Tasmania's team in the competition.[9] Other clubs may access Tasmanians that are overlooked or via the rookie draft.

Current Players

AFL Players from Tasmania

Currently on an AFL senior list
PlayerTAS junior/senior club/sRepresentative honoursAFL DraftSelectionAFL YearsAFL Club/sAFL GamesAFL (Goals)Connections to Tasmania, Notes & References
Sam BanksClarence, Tasmanian DevilsU182023-Richmond5-Raised in Whitefoord
Lachlan CowanDevonport, North Launceston, Tasmanian DevilsU18 (2019, 2021)2023-Carlton--Raised in Devonport
Jye MenzieNorth Hobart / Tasmanian DevilsU18 (2019, 2021)2022-Essendon--Raised in Hobart
Jackson CallowNorth Launceston2021-2022Hawthorn30Raised in Launceston
Rhyan MansellProspect / North LauncestonU18 (2017)2021-151Raised in Launceston
Tarryn ThomasNorth LauncestonU16 (2016), U18 (2016)2019-5745Raised in Launceston
Chayce JonesLongford / Launceston2019-3810Born, raised in and recruited from Longford
Hugh DixonKingboroughU18 (2017)2018-116Raised and recruited from Hobart
Brody MihocekBurnie DockersU18 (2011)2018-101164Born in Tasmania and raised in Burnie
Hugh Greenwood-U16 (2007)2017-8645Born and raised in Hobart
Robbie FoxBurnie Dockers2017-648Raised in Burnie
Mitchell HibberdClarence2016-202090Raised in Hobart
Mackenzie WillisKingborough2016-201850Raised in Hobart
Kieran LovellKingboroughU18 (2015)2016-201820Raised in Hobart
Jake KolodjashnijProspect / LauncestonU16 (2011), U18 (2012, 2013)2015-1533Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Lachie WellerBurnie Dockers2015-11842Raised in Burnie
Paddy McCartin-2015-5935Born in Hobart
Ryan GardnerBurnie Dockers2015-352Born and raised in Smithton
Ben BrownDevonport / Glenorchy2014–160341Raised in Devonport
Toby NankervisLilydale / North LauncestonU18 (2013)2014–12134Raised in George Town
Alex PearceUlverstone / Devonport2014–803Born and raised in Ulverstone, recruited from Devonport. (Palawa)
Brady GreyBurnie Dockers2014–20182111Raised in and recruited from Burnie
Kade KolodjashnijProspect / LauncestonU16 (2011), U18 (2012, 2013)2014-20208014Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Jackson ThurlowLaunceston2013–20206314Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Aaron HallHobart2012-14793Born, raised in and recruited from Hobart
Jimmy WebsterGlenorchy2012-1314Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Andrew PhillipsLauderdale2012-5215Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Jeremy HoweDodges Ferry / Lauderdale / Hobart2012-22896Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Tim MohrLaunceston2012-2019481Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Henry SchadeNorth Hobart / Tassie MarinersU18 (2011)2012-2017281Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Maverick WellerBurnie Dockers2011-201912359Born and raised in Burnie
Josh GreenSorrell / ClarenceU18 (2020c)2011-2018105135Born, raised and recruited from Hobart
Daniel ArcherClarence2011-201310Raised and recruited from Hobart
Ian CallinanRokeby / Lauderdale / ClarenceU18 (2000)2011-20133249Raised and recruited from Hobart
Levi Casboult-2010-193213Born in Hobart
Jesse LonerganLaunceston2010-202112832Raised and recruited from Launceston
Ryan HarwoodGlenorchy / Tassie MarinersU18 (2009)2010-2017816Raised and recruited from Hobart
Brodie MolesGlenorchy/Tasmanian Devils2010-20111710Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Mitch RobinsonTasmanian Devils2009-246129Born, raised and recruited
Liam JonesNorth Hobart2009-202117784Raised and recruited
Nathan GrimaSouth Launceston / Tassie Mariners / Tasmanian Devils2009-2016881Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Aaron CorneliusTasmanian Devils2009-20132535Raised and recruited
Aaron JosephGlenorchy / Tassie MarinersU18 (2007)2009-20137310Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Tom BellchambersTasmanian Devils2008-202013677Born and raised in Launceston, recruited
Tom CollierTassie MarinersU18 (2006)2008-2011274Raised
Jack RiewoldtTassie Mariners / ClarenceU18 (2006)2007-346786Born, raised in and recruited from Hobart
Ricky Petterd-2007-20158472Born in Hobart
Colin GarlandNorth Hobart / Tassie Mariners2007-201714116Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Angus GrahamTassie Mariners2007-20144818Born on King Island
Tom HislopTassie Mariners2007-20112712Born and raised in Burnie
Mitch ThorpNorth Launceston / Tassie Mariners2007-200921Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Grant BirchallTassie Mariners2006-202128736Born and raised in Devonport
Sam IlesTassie Mariners2006-20123311Raised
Sam LonerganLauunceston / Tassie Mariners / Tasmanian DevilsU18 (2005)2006-20138139Born and raised in and recruited from Launceston
Andrew LeeBurnie / Tassie Mariners / Tasmanian Devils2005-200852Born in Brighton, raised in and recruited from Burnie
Cameron ThurleyClarence / Tasmanian Devils2005-20061212Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Jason LaycockEast Devonport / Tassie Mariners2004-20105836Born, raised in and recruited from Devonport
Luke ShackletonBurnie / Tassie Mariners200410Raised in Burnie
Barry BrooksGrassy Football Club / Tassie Mariners2002-2007103Born, raised in and recruited from King Island
Ken HallNorth Hobart / Tassie Mariners2002-200310Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Brad Miller-2002-2012157120Raised in Hobart
Nick Riewoldt-2001-2017336718Born and raised in Hobart
Simon WigginsGlenorchy / Tassie Mariners2001-200911636Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Peter StreetGlenorchy / Tassie Mariners2001-20087816Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Andrew HillTassie Mariners200110Raised
Danny RoachTassie Mariners200110Born and raised
Brad GreenTassie Mariners2000-2012254350Born in Georgetown and raised in Launceston
Patrick WigginsTassie Mariners2000-2004125Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Tim HazellSouthern Districts2000-200353Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Brady RawlingsTassie Mariners1999-201124562Born and raised in Devonport
Brodie HollandTassie Mariners1998–2008155141Born and raised in and recruited from Hobart
Justin PlappBurnie / Tassie Mariners1998-20024430Born in Penguin, raised and recruited from Burnie
Leigh BrockmanTassie Mariners1998, 2002121Raised
Mark HarwoodTassie Mariners1998-20013019Raised
Justin WoodGlenorchy / Tassie Mariners199875Born and raised in and recruited from Hobart
Russell RobertsonTassie Mariners1997–2009228428Raised in Penguin and Burnie
Gerrard BennettNorth Hobart / Tassie Mariners1997–20023211Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Ben BeamsGlenorchy / Tassie Mariners1997–20012317Born in Launceston, raised and recruited from Hobart
Jade RawlingsDevonport1996-200614896Born and raised in Devonport
Ben HarrisonDevonport1995–200516171Raised in Devonport
Trent BartlettDeloraine1995–20028142Raised in and recruited from Deloraine
Matthew RichardsonDevonport19931993–2009282800Born, raised in and recruited from Devonport
David Neitz-1993–2008306631Born in Ulverstone
Daryn CresswellGlenorchy / North Hobart1992-2003244208Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Jamie ShanahanHobart1991, 19931992-19991620Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Nigel PalfreymanSandy Bay19931992-1994167Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Paul AtkinsWynyard199220Raised in and recruited from Wynyard
Paul WilliamsNorth Hobart19931991-2006306307Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Danny NoonanClarence1991-19935519Lived in Hobart
Matthew MansfieldGlenorchy1990, 19931991-1993325Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Brad DavisBurnie Hawks1991-199351Raised in and recruited from Burnie
David NobleNorth Hobart199120Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Paul HudsonHobart1990, 1991, 19931990-2002245479Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Brendon GaleBurnie1990, 1991, 19931990-2001244209Raised in and recruited from Burnie
Chris BondNorth Hobart1991, 19931990-199916345Born and raised in Wynyard, Tasmania, recruited from Hobart
Dion ScottDevonport19931990-19997961Born and raised in Ulverstone, recruited from Devonport
Jody ArnolNorth Hobart1990-1991136Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Adrian FletcherGlenorchy1991, 19931989-200123197Raised and recruited from Hobart
Colin AlexanderClarence1990, 19911989-19932930Recruited from Hobart
Alastair LynchWynyard / Hobart1988, 1990, 1991, 19931988-2004306633Born and raised in Burnie, recruited from Hobart
Graham WrightEast Devonport1990, 19931988-1998201107Raised in and recruited from Devonport
Trent NicholsSandy Bay1990, 1991, 19931988-1998112107Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Bradley PlainClarence1988, 19931988-19965696Raised in and recruited from Hobart
John KlugGlenorchy1991-19922634Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Darren DaviesLaunceston / North Hobart19901988-19913939Raised in Launceston, recruited from Hobart
Shane FellGlenorchy199019901530Lived in Hobart
Michael ParsonsLaunceston19881988-19902514Raised in Legana and Launceston
Justin StubbsDevonport1980, 19881988-199035Raised in and recruited from Devonport
Steven FebeyDevonport19931987-200125840Raised in and recruited from Devonport
Matthew FebeyDevonport / Rochester19931987-200014344Raised in and recruited from Devonport
Darrin PritchardSandy Bay1988, 1990, 1991, 19931987-199721194Born, raised in and recruited from Hobart
Simon AtkinsWynyard1988, 1990, 1991, 19931987-199616889Raised in and recruited from Wynyard
Matthew ArmstrongHobart1988, 19931987-199417589Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Brett StephensNorth Hobart19901987-199313352Lived in Hobart
Simon Minton-ConnellNorth Hobart1988, 19911986-1998112305Raised in and recruited from Hobart
John McCarthyNorth Hobart1988, 1990, 1991, 19931986-1996163178Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Ben BuckleySmithton19931986-19937415Raised in and recruited from Smithton
James MansonNorth Hobart1988, 1990, 1991, 19931985-1995167126Raised in and recruited from Devonport
Michael GaleMarist College / Penguin1988, 1990, 1991, 19931985-199319649Raised in and recruited from Penguin
David GrantSouth Launceston1988, 19911984-199619875Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Doug BarwickEast Launceston1988, 1990, 1991, 19931984-1991147218Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Stephen MacPhersonClarence1990, 1991, 19931982-1995188152Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Stephen NicholsSandy Bay19881982-198376Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Scott ClaytonHobart1988, 19901981-199016023Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Scott WadeHobart19801981-1983124Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Steve GouldingNorth Launceston1979, 1988198122Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Colin RobertsonWynyard1979, 1980, 19881980-198611662Raised in and recruited from Wynyard
Stephen CareyNorth Launceston1979, 19801980-19861126Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Shane WilliamsNorth Hobart1979, 19881979-19886130Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Stephen MountSandy Bay19791979-1982319Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Tony MartynSandy Bay19791979-1981325Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Graham HunnibellNorth Launceston19791978-1980122Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Michael RoachLongford1979, 1980, 19881977-1989200607Born, raised in and recruited from Longford
Chris Stone-1978-19812312Raised in Sandy Bay, Hobart
Michael Conlan-1977-1989210395Born
Kerry GoodUlverstone1979, 19801977-198374150Raised in and recruited from Ulverstone
Michael YoungClarence19791977-19835215Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Mark WilliamsPenguin19801977-197991Raised in and recruited from Penguin
Rodney EadeGlenorchy1979, 1980, 19881976-199025949Born, raised in and recruited from Hobart
Ian PatonScotch College, Launceston19881976-199015547Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Peter HamiltonUlverstone1979, 19801976-1983521Raised in and recruited from Ulverstone
Denis ScanlonNorth Hobart1975, 19801976-1981667Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Ian MarshNorth Launceston1979, 19801976-19806816Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Tony PickettNorth Launceston19791976-19796032Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Robert NealWynyard1979, 19881974-198822052Raised in and recruited from Wynyard
Greg TownsCooee19791974-19828930Raised in and recruited from Cooee
Robert ShawSandy Bay1979, 19801974-1981518Born, raised in and recruited from Hobart
Craig DavisLaunceston1979, 19801973-1988163360Born and raised in Ross, Tasmania, recruited from Launceston
Phil ManassaDevonport19801973-197912260Lived in Devonport
Noel CarterUlverstone1979, 19801973-19775055Raised in and recruited from Ulverstone
John AnthonyEast Devonport19723-Recruited
Grant AllfordLatrobe1971-1973301Recruited
Darryl SuttonGlenorchy19791970-1986249385Born, raised and recruited from Hobart
Barry LawrenceLongford1969–197612680Raised and recruited from Longford
Ray BiffinNorth Launceston1968–1979170131Born and raised in Launceston and recruited from Campbell Town
Brent CrosswellCampbell Town1968–1982222257Born and raised in Launceston and recruited from Campbell Town
John GreeningCooee1968–197610770Born, raised and recruited from Burnie
Derek PeardonKing Meadows High School1968–1971201Born on Cape Barren Island, raised and recruited from Launceston. (Palawa)
Peter HudsonNew Norfolk19 caps (1979)1967–1977129727Born, raised and recruited from New Norfolk
Royce HartClarence1967–1977187369Born and raised Whiteford and recruited from Hobart
Peter JonesNorth Hobart19791966-1979249284Born, raised in and recruited from Hobart
John BingleyEast Devonport1965-196681Raised in and recruited from Devonport
Bruce ArmstrongScottsdale1965-196670Raised in and recruited from Scottsdale
Gary ArnoldRosebery1963-1964137Raised in and recruited from Rosebery
Ian StewartNorth Hobart / Hobart1962–197120580Born in Queenstown, raised and recruited from Hobart
Darrel BaldockEast Devonport / Latrobe15 caps1962–1968119237Born, raised and recruited from Devonport
Tassie JohnsonNorth Launceston1959–196920220Raised and recruited from Launceston
Roy AptedNorth Launceston1958, 19661959–1963441Born, raised and recruited from Launceston
Verdun HowellCity-South1958–196815959Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Athol WebbScottsdale1955–195974146Raised in and recruited from Scottsdale
Dale AndersonLatrobe1953-54715Born
Allan Miller-1948–19513648Born in Hobart
Arthur HodgsonQueenstown1948–1952767Raised in and recruited from Queenstown
Ray StokesBurnie1946-19519323Born in Longford, raised in and recruited from Burnie
Ted CollisNorth Hobart1946912Born and raised in Hobart
Geoff BarwickNew Norfolk19451914Born and raised in Hobart
Tom CalderNorth Hobart194550Raised in Hobart
Terry CashionBuckingham / New Town194255Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Gordon AbbottLefroy1937-194713370Born, raised, recruited
Bill CahillLaunceston1937-1938150Bornin Hobart. Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Len PyeNorth Hobart19331934-19351639Born and raised in New Norfolk and recruited from Hobart
Laurie NashCity1933-194599246Lived in and recruited from Launceston
Eric HuxtableNew Town1930-19421575Born and raised in Hobart
Patt HartnettNorth Launceston1930-19376658Born and raised in St Helens and recruited from Launceston
Clyde BeattieNorth Hobart193052Born in Oatlands, raised in and recruited from Hobart
Alan ScottNorth Launceston1929-19303226Born in Ringarooma, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Doug Ringrose-1928-19293530Born and raised in Hobart
Charlie BarnesLatrobe1927-1929330Raised in Latrobe
Jack Cashman-1926-193693125Born in Zeehan
Col DeaneNew Town19241925-19348553Born and raised in Launceston and Hobart
Fred PringleCananore1923-1924227Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Fred Brown-1922-1926417Born and raised in Hobart
Ivor Warne-SmithLatrobe1919-1932146110Lived in Latrobe
Bert DavieLatrobe1917-1919271Born and raised in Hobart
Claude BryanCananore19111914-1920221Born, raised in and recruited from Hobart
Percy JoryNorth Hobart19111912-19206015Raised in and recruited from Hobart
George ChallisLaunceston19111912-19157016Born in Cleveland, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Stanley McKenzieLaunceston19111914146Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Ted McDonaldLaunceston1912-1919482Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Viv ValentineLaunceston19081911-191811691Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Fred Anderson19081-Born in Launceston
Bert Atkins-1907-1919391Born in Hobart
George MorrisseyNorth Hobart19111907-19099364Lived in Hobart
Albert PannamWynyard19081907-19091-Born in Beaconsfield, raised in and recruited from Wynyard
Vic BarwickQueenstown1903-191310566Born in Oatlands, raised in and recruited from Queenswtown
Joe LittlerLaunceston19081903109Born, raised in and recruited from Launceston
Harvey Kelly-19111902-191492127Lived in Hobart
Vic Belcher-1907-192022662Born in Launceston
Wal Smallhorn-1905-19064-Born in Hobart
Jack Gardiner-1908, 1911 (c)1901-19088659Lived in Hobart
George McLeodLaunceston19081897-1913686Lived in Mount Lyell
Dick Gibson-19081897-1898299Lived there
George VautinCity1897-1898261Born in Orielton, raised in Hobart
Tod Collins-1897-19039827Born in Hobart
Fred McGinis-1897-19018436Born in Hobart

Current Players

AFLW players from Tasmania

Currently on an AFLW senior list
PlayerTAS junior/senior club/sRepresentative honoursAFLW Draft yearAFLW Draft PickAFLW YearsAFLW GamesAFLW (Goals)Connections to Tasmania, Notes & References
Meagan Kiely-2021#482022-93Born in Tasmania
Ellie Gavalas-2019#102020-279Raised in Tasmania
Mia KingLaunceston2019#492020-245Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Chloe HainesBurnie DockersU18 (2018)2018#552019-202010Raised in Wynyard, Tasmania and recruited from Burnie
Nicole BresnehanClarence2018#632019-280Raised in and recruited from Hobart
Daria BannisterLaunceston2017#192018-2514Raised in and recruited from Launceston
Jess WuetschnerClarence2016#342017-3837Born and raised in Hobart
Brittany GibsonBurnie Dockers2016#1412017-308Born in Tasmania and raised in and recruited from Burnie
Ellyse GambleBurnie Dockers2016#692017-240Raised in and recruited from Burnie

References

  1. Ausplay Australian Football report
  2. Devils in the detail: an economist argues the case for a Tasmanian AFL team – and new stadium by Tim Harcourt for the Conversation 1 May 2023
  3. AFL presidents approve Tasmania for 19th team licence after decades of campaigning from ABC News 2 May 2023
  4. "Prime Minister Anthony Albanese pledges $240 million for Hobart stadium at Macquarie Point". ABC News. 29 April 2023. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  5. "Albanese formally unveils $240 million in federal funds for Hobart stadium". The Age. 29 April 2023. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
  6. "www.afl.com.au/cp2/c2/webi/article/205058bu.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 2006-05-18.
  7. Australia's top 20 sports and physical activities revealed from SportAUS 30 April 2019
  8. Ausplay Tasmania data tables 28 April 2023 - Top 10 activities - Participation Rate
  9. Tasmania remains AFL's blind spot, and it's local footy which is now suffering most ABC News 9 Feb 2018
  10. AFL report urges Tasmanian team by 2025 or code will die on island James Dunlevie ABC News 7 Feb 2020
  11. Australia. Parliament. Senate. Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport References Committee; Nash, Fiona (2009). Matters relating to the establishment of an Australian Football League team for Tasmania : report. [Canberra]: Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport References Committee. ISBN 978-1-74229-099-7. OCLC 423688785.
  12. "Classified Advertising". 11 February 1851. p. 4 via Trove.
  13. "Classified Advertising". Courier. 5 August 1853. p. 4 via Trove.
  14. "Classified Advertising". Courier. 16 October 1854. p. 4 via Trove.
  15. "Rugby in the Colony of Tasmania". Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 2010-12-30.
  16. "RULES OF FOOTBALL". The Mercury. Vol. XXIX, no. 4922. Tasmania, Australia. 6 July 1876. p. 3. Retrieved 1 December 2021 via National Library of Australia.
  17. "LATER FROM THE COLONIES". The Mercury. Vol. XI, no. 1706. Tasmania, Australia. 28 May 1866. p. 2. Retrieved 26 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  18. "SPORTING". The Mercury. Vol. XI, no. 1729. Tasmania, Australia. 25 June 1866. p. 3. Retrieved 26 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  19. Syson, Ian (March 2013). "The 'Chimera' of Origins: Association Football in Australia before 1880". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 30 (5): 453–468. doi:10.1080/09523367.2013.770734. eISSN 1743-9035. ISSN 0952-3367. S2CID 144383142.
  20. Hibbins & Ruddell 2010, p. 24.
  21. "FOOTBALL". The Mercury. Vol. XLI, no. 3916. Tasmania, Australia. 30 August 1882. p. 2. Retrieved 24 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  22. "FITZROY v. NORTH TASMANIA". The North Western Advocate and The Emu Bay Times. Tasmania, Australia. 20 June 1901. p. 3. Retrieved 30 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  23. "Collingwood Football Club that Visited Tasmania in 1902". Saturday Evening Express. Vol. II, no. 12. Tasmania, Australia. 13 July 1929. p. 1. Retrieved 23 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  24. "FOOTBALL". Daily Telegraph. Vol. XLIII, no. 198. Tasmania, Australia. 18 August 1923. p. 9. Retrieved 23 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  25. "TO VISIT TASMANIA". Saturday Evening Express. Vol. II, no. 19. Tasmania, Australia. 31 August 1929. p. 1. Retrieved 23 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  26. "The power and the passion: Scott Wade reflects on a career at the coalface of Tasmanian football". The Mercury. Hobart, TAS. 12 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  27. Scott Rollinson (9 March 2016). "AFL Tasmania chief Scott Wade's resignation was a 'mutual decision', AFL says". Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  28. "SPORT Belconnen loses way to Bullants". The Canberra Times. Vol. 64, no. 20, 152. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 25 June 1990. p. 23. Retrieved 23 February 2018 via National Library of Australia.
  29. "Fitzroy rejects Bears' takeover bid". The Canberra Times. Vol. 65, no. 20, 235. Australian Capital Territory, Australia. 5 September 1990. p. 38. Retrieved 30 June 2022 via National Library of Australia.
  30. "Official Website of the Australian Football League > News Article > AFL says no to Tassie". Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2008.
  31. "Petition for a Tassie AFL team | Mercury – The Voice of Tasmania". Archived from the original on 13 April 2008. Retrieved 16 April 2008.
  32. "Herald Sun | Breaking News from Melbourne and Victoria | Herald Sun". www.heraldsun.com.au.
  33. "FOX SPORTS | Live Sports Scores | NRL, AFL, Cricket Scores". FOX SPORTS.
  34. http://northerntasmania.yourguide.com.au/news/local/sport/general/mars-believes-confectionary-giant-backs-tasmanias-afl-push/1232055.aspx%5B%5D
  35. "Hawks extend stay in Tasmania for a further five years". Hawthorn FC. Hawthorn Football Club. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
  36. Stubbs, B., Herald Sun, "North Melbourne seals Tassie deal", 20 December 2010, Retrieved 15 January 2011.
  37. "City confident, Tigers realistic". www.themercury.com.au. 11 April 2014.
  38. http://www.hobartfc.com.au/Default.aspx?tabid=73&ArticleID=18 Archived 10 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Munts93, "Tigers to withdraw from TSL", Hobart Football Club, 8 August 2013.
  39. "Kingborough unveils plans for State League". The Examiner. 16 August 2013.
  40. "AFL | Team & Player News, Live Coverage, Results, Fixtures, Tips & Analysis". The Age.
  41. Gill, Damian. "AFL Tasmania welcomes Football Tasmania Advisory Board". AFL Tasmania. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  42. Gutwein, Peter; Petrusma, Jacquie (13 February 2019). "Football in Tasmania strong and united" (Press release). Tasmanian Government. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  43. Cole, Brad (13 February 2019). "New football board with statewide focus". The Advocate. Burnie, Tasmania: Australian Community Media. Retrieved 23 July 2020.
  44. "Fox Sport Pulse". Ladder for Tasmanian Women's Football League 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  45. "2014 Premiers! – Tasmanian Women's League – SportsTG". SportsTG. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  46. "TWL Grand Final: Clarence v Burnie". The Examiner. 19 September 2015. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  47. "Glenorchy win first TSL title in 17 years". ABC News. 17 September 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  48. Edwards, Phil (19 April 2017). "TSLW set to kick off". The Examiner. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
  49. "Ladder for 2017 SFLW Women's League". SportsTG. Archived from the original on 9 July 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  50. "Ladder for TWL North West 2017". SportsTG. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  51. AFL PREFERRED FACILITY GUIDELINES Aflcommunityclub.com.au
  • AFL Tasmania
  • Australian Football League

Sources

  • Hibbins, Gillian (2008). "Men of Purpose". In Weston, James (ed.). The Australian Game of Football: Since 1858. Geoff Slattery Publishing. pp. 31–45. ISBN 978-0-9803466-6-4.
  • Hibbins, Gillian; Ruddell, Trevor (2010). "The Evolution of the Rules of Football From 1872 to 1877" (PDF). The Yorker (41). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 November 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
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