Ayaz Mutallibov

Ayaz Niyazi oghlu Mutallibov[lower-alpha 2] (12 May 1938 – 27 March 2022[1][2]) was an Azerbaijani politician who served as the first president of Azerbaijan. He was the last leader of Soviet Azerbaijan, and first President of Azerbaijan from 18 May 1990[3] until 6 March 1992 and from 14 May until 18 May 1992.

Ayaz Mutallibov
Ayaz Mütəllibov
Mutallibov in 2020
1st President of Azerbaijan
In office
18 May 1990[lower-alpha 1] – 6 March 1992
Prime MinisterHasan Hasanov
Preceded byPosition established
(Himself as First Secretary of the Azerbaijan Communist Party)
Succeeded byYaqub Mammadov (acting)
In office
14 May 1992 – 18 May 1992
Prime MinisterFiruz Mustafayev (acting)
Rahim Huseynov
Preceded byYaqub Mammadov (acting)
Succeeded byIsa Gambar (acting)
Abulfaz Elchibey
First Secretary of the Azerbaijan Communist Party
In office
25 January 1990 – 14 September 1991
General SecretaryMikhail Gorbachev
Preceded byAbdulrahman Vezirov
Succeeded byPosition abolished
(Himself as President of Azerbaijan)
Full member of the 28th Politburo
In office
14 July 1990 – 29 August 1991
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Azerbaijan SSR
In office
27 January 1989 – 26 January 1990
First SecretaryAbdurrahman Vazirov
Preceded byHasan Sayidov
Succeeded byHasan Hasanov
Deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers, chairman of the Azerbaijan State Planning Committee
In office
30 October 1982 – 27 January 1989
Preceded bySabit Abbasaliyev
Succeeded byRahim Huseynov
Minister of Local Industry of the Azerbaijan SSR
In office
4 July 1979 – 30 October 1982
Preceded byAlibala Asadullayev
Succeeded bySanan Akhundov
Personal details
Born
Ayaz Niyazi oghlu Mutallibov

(1938-05-12)12 May 1938
Baku, Azerbaijan SSR, Soviet Union
Died27 March 2022(2022-03-27) (aged 83)
Baku, Azerbaijan
Political party
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1961; died 2019)​
Children2
Signature

Biography

Ayaz Mutallibov was born on 12 May 1938, in Baku to the family of a physician and later World War II veteran, Niyazi Ashraf oghlu Mutallibov (Azerbaijani: Niyazi Əşrəf oğlu Mütəllibov), and gynaecologist Kubra Mutallibova (died in 1988).[4] Both of his parents were from Shamakhi.

In 1956, Ayaz Mutallibov graduated from the secondary school #189 in Baku. During his youth he was fond of jazz music. He was a member of the school volleyball team. In 1956–62, Mutallibov attended the Azerbaijan State Institute of Petroleum and Chemistry.[4]

In 1964, he became the director of the Baku Refrigerator Factory, and in 1974, he was appointed the General Director of the "BakElectroBytMash" State Industrial Company.[4]

Political career
  • 1977 – appointed the Second Secretary of Azerbaijan Communist Party for Narimanov district of Baku.
  • 1979 – appointed a Minister of Local Industry of Azerbaijan SSR.
  • 1982 – appointed the Chairman of the State Planning Committee of Azerbaijan SSR and the Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Azerbaijan SSR.
  • January 1989 – appointed the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Azerbaijan SSR.
  • 20 January 1990 – Soviet troops enter Baku; Black January crackdown takes place.
  • 24 January 1990 – While in Moscow, Mutallibov is appointed the First Secretary of the Azerbaijan Communist Party.
  • 18 May 1990 – Supreme Council of Azerbaijan SSR elects Mutallibov as the first President of Azerbaijan SSR.
  • December 1990 – at Mutallibov's initiative, the Supreme Council of Azerbaijan SSR officially renames the country to Azerbaijan Republic and adopts the Declaration of Sovereignty.
  • 17 March 1991 – under pressure from Mutallibov, the Supreme Council of Azerbaijan votes for participation of Azerbaijan in the referendum on the fate of the Soviet Union.
  • 19 August 1991 – According to some reports, while on a visit to Tehran, Mutalibov made a statement about the Soviet coup attempt of 1991.[5] However, in 2016, the ex-president of Azerbaijan said that he did not support the putschists.[6]
  • 30 August 1991 – Supreme Council of Azerbaijan adopts the Declaration of Independence of Azerbaijan.
  • 14 September 1991 – Mutallibov dissolves the Communist Party of Azerbaijan[7] and proposes constitutional changes for direct nationwide elections of president.
  • 8 September 1991 – Mutallibov elected as president in a single-candidate nationwide election.
  • December 1991 – In a nationwide referendum, Azerbaijani voters approve the Declaration of Independence adopted by the Supreme Council; Soviet Union is dissolved, Azerbaijan is recognized as an independent state by Turkey, Israel, Romania and Pakistan.
  • 25 February 1992 – Armenian forces with the support of Russia's 366th Motor Rifle Regiment took control of Khojaly; fleeing residents become victims of the Khojaly Massacre.
  • 6 March 1992 – Under pressure from Azerbaijan Popular Front due to mismanagement in defense of Khojaly and safety of its inhabitants, Mutallibov was forced to submit his resignation to the National Assembly of Azerbaijan.
  • 8 May 1992 – Armenian forces take control of Shusha, the last Azerbaijani-populated town in Nagorno-Karabakh.
  • 14 May 1992 – Supreme Council of Azerbaijan, dominated by the former members of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan, hears the case on Khojaly Massacre, relieves Mutallibov of any responsibility, reverses his prior resignation and restores him as the President of Azerbaijan.
  • 15 May 1992 – Armed forces led by the Azerbaijan Popular Front take control of the offices of the Parliament of Azerbaijan and Azerbaijani State Radio and Television, thereby deposing Mutallibov, who leaves for Moscow; defunct Supreme Council of Azerbaijan is dissolved passing the duties to the National Assembly of Azerbaijan formed by equal representation of Azerbaijan Popular Front and former communists.
  • 17 May 1992 – Armenian forces take control of Lachin, Isa Gambar is elected as the new Chairman of the National Assembly of Azerbaijan and takes on the temporary duties of President of Azerbaijan until the national elections on 17 June 1992.

Exile

Mutallibov was in exile in Moscow from May 1992 until July 2012.

In 1994 he published a book called Karabakh – Black Garden in Moscow.

In April 2000, his followers in Baku declared the formation of the new Civil Union Party. In 2003 he joined the Azerbaijan Social Democratic Party (ASDP) and became its co-chairman in exile.

In July 2012, Mutallibov returned from exile with the permission of President Ilham Aliyev.

Family and personal life

Mutallibov was married to Adila Mutallibova, who died in 2019.[8] They had two sons, Azad and Zaur, grandson Tahir and granddaughter Madina. His son Azad died of cancer on 9 August 2011, leaving only Zaur.[9] Mutallibov arrived in Baku to attend his son’s funeral. It was his first visit to the country after 1992.

See also

Notes
  1. As president of the Azerbaijan SSR, then part of the Soviet Union.
  2. Azerbaijani: Ајаз Нијази оғлу Мүтәллибов, romanized: Ayaz Niyazi oğlu Mütəllibov, Russian: Аяз Ниязович Муталибов, romanized: Ayaz Niyazovich Mutalibov

References
  1. "Former Azerbaijani President Ayaz Mutallibov dies at age 83".
  2. "The death of the first president of Azerbaijan". 27 March 2022. Archived from the original on 20 September 2022. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
  3. "Высшие органы государственной власти Азербайджанской ССР". Archived from the original on 3 March 2019. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  4. "Mutalibov, Ayaz Niyazovich". Caucasian Knot. 14 May 2003. Retrieved 26 March 2019.
  5. Ольга Васильева, «Путч. Хроника тревожных дней»
  6. Аяз Муталибов: «Крупная подстава моих врагов»
  7. Компартия Азербайджана объявила о самороспуске
  8. "Heydar Aliyev Foundation undertakes organizational issues of Adila Mutallibova's mourning ceremony". Report News Agency. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  9. Ayaz Mutallibov's son passes away
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