Bálint Pásztor

Pásztor participated in protests against Slobodan Milošević's administration in the 1990s and joined the VMSZ in 2000. The party contested the 2000 Serbian parliamentary election as part of the Democratic Opposition of Serbia (Demokratska opozicija Srbije, DOS) coalition, and Pásztor worked in the DOS's election headquarters with responsibility for printing and distributing Hungarian language campaign literature.[2][3]

Concerning his status as the son of a famous politician, Pásztor has said, "Politics has been a topic of discussion in our home, especially so during the 1990s, when I was a law student in Belgrade and member of the DOS election staff, but my father neither pushed me into politics nor tried to prevent my political engagement."[4] On another occasion, when asked if his own political success had been the result of nepotism, he responded, "To be honest, I think that my circumstances are really no help to me. I think that my father is stricter towards me than other MPs."[5]

Throughout his political career, Pásztor has advocated for the decentralization of Serbia's government and the creation of a majority-Hungarian administrative district in northern Vojvodina, while also stressing his opposition to separatism.[6][7][8] He was a member of Serbia's Hungarian National Council from 2002 to 2010 and was the chair of its executive committee from 2002 to 2009.[9]

Pásztor received the thirty-second position on the VMSZ's electoral list in the 2007 Serbian parliamentary election.[10] The party won three seats, and he was included afterward in its assembly delegation.[11][12] (From 2000 to 2011, Serbian parliamentary mandates were awarded to sponsoring parties or coalitions rather than to individual candidates, and it was common practice for mandates to be assigned out of numerical order. Pásztor's relatively low position on the list had no formal bearing on his chances of election.)[13] After the election, he was chosen as leader of a parliamentary group comprising four parties representing national minority communities.[14]

The VMSZ served in opposition at this time, and Pásztor was a vocal critic of Vojislav Koštunica's administration.[15] In his first term, he was a member of the legislative committee and the committee on foreign affairs.[16]

Pásztor received the sixth position on the electoral list of the Hungarian Coalition, a multi-party alliance led by the VMSZ, in the 2008 parliamentary election.[17] The coalition won four mandates, all of which were assigned to VMSZ members, and Pásztor was again included in his party's delegation. After the election, he became the leader of a reconstituted assembly group representing three different national minority parties.[18][19] He again served on the foreign affairs committee and was a member of the finance committee, a deputy member of the justice and administration committee and the committee on European integration, and a member of the parliamentary friendship groups with Hungary, Israel, the Sovereign Order of Malta, and Spain.[20]

After the 2008 election, the For a European Serbia alliance led by the Democratic Party (Demokratska stranka, DS) formed a coalition government with the Socialist Party of Serbia (Socijalistička partija Srbije, SPS). The new ministry, led by Mirko Cvetković, had only a narrow majority in parliament and was dependent on outside support from the VMSZ. Shortly before the assembly's vote on the new administration, Pásztor threatened to withdraw support unless the government created a new ministry of human and minority rights.[21] This ministry was created, and the VMSZ members voted in favour of Cvetković's ministry.[22]

Pásztor and the VMSZ refused to support a late 2008 government bill to reform the jurisdictional areas of Serbia's courts and public prosecution departments, although they continued to support the administration more generally.[23][24] In 2009, Pásztor indicated that his party would support a bill providing for the direct election of national minority councils.[25] He also called for Serbia to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in this period, arguing that it was a necessary step in order for the country to join the European Union.[26]

The VMSZ became increasingly alienated from the Cvetković administration in late 2009. While the party did not move into active opposition, it refused to support the government's budget for 2010, and Pásztor indicated to the newspaper Danas that he did not see the party's alliance with the DS as a long-term commitment.[27][28] During this period, the VMSZ took part in strategic discussions with Viktor Orbán, the leader of Hungary's Fidesz party; some in the Serbian media speculated that, under Orbán's influence, the VMSZ would break its alliance with the DS and support the opposition Serbian Progressive Party (Srpska napredna stranka, SNS). Pásztor rejected this, noting that the VMSZ had also met with other political parties in Hungary and was open to renewed co-operation with the DS in the future.[29] The VMSZ ultimately became somewhat reconciled with the Cvetković administration and supported its 2011 budget.[30]

In October 2011, Pásztor argued that Serbia's law on the restitution of property seized by communist authorities after World War II should be amended to permit a greater number of claims from the country's Hungarian community. He was quoted as saying, "We do not demand restitution for fascists or war criminals. However, we do think that responsibility (for war-time activities) should be judged individually, and those found not guilty should be entitled for restitution."[31]

Serbia's electoral system was reformed in 2011, such that parliamentary mandates were awarded in numerical order to candidates on successful lists. Pásztor was given the first position on the VMSZ's list in the 2012 parliamentary election and was elected to a third term when the won five mandates.[32] The Progressive Party's Let's Get Serbia Moving alliance won a plurality victory in this election and afterward formed a new coalition government with the Socialist Party. The VMSZ was asked to join the government but declined; Pásztor indicated that his party would be a constructive opposition and would offer support for laws ensuring Serbia's accession to the European Union.[33] In this sitting of parliament, Pásztor was a member of the committee on constitutional affairs and legislation; a deputy member of the committee on justice, public administration, and local self-government; a deputy member of the committee on European integration; and a member of the friendship groups with Poland and Spain.[34]

He again led the VMSZ's electoral list in the 2014 parliamentary election and was re-elected when the party won six seats.[35] Following the election, the VMSZ began providing parliamentary support to Serbia's SNS-led administration. Pásztor had the same committee assignments as in the previous parliament, except that he was promoted to full membership on the justice committee; he also led Serbia's friendship group with Spain and remained a member of the friendship group with Poland.[36] He was elected to a fifth term in the 2016 parliamentary election, in which the VMSZ won four seats, and held the same committee and friendship group roles as in the previous parliament.[37][38]

The VMSZ campaigned for the "No" side (i.e., the side favoured by Hungarian prime minister Viktor Orbán) in the 2016 Hungarian migrant quota referendum, in which many Vojvodina Hungarians were eligible to vote. When asked if the referendum would have any legal effect, his response was, "This is about making our opinions clearly understood."[39]

The VMSZ led a successful drive to increase its voter turnout in the 2020 Serbian parliamentary election and won a record nine seats. Pásztor, who once again led the party's list, was elected to a sixth term.[40] He again became a member of the committee on constitutional and legal issues, led Serbia's parliamentary friendship group with Spain, and was a member of the friendship group with Poland.[41] Pásztor also led the VMSZ's list for the Subotica city assembly in the 2020 Serbian local elections, which were held concurrently with the republican election, and was elected when the list won twenty-two out of sixty-seven mandates.[42][43] The SNS won a plurality victory in the city and formed a local coalition government with the VMSZ. As part of the coalition arrangement, Pásztor became president (i.e., speaker) of the local assembly on 21 August 2020.[44][45]

He led the VMSZ's list for a fifth consecutive time in the 2022 Serbian parliamentary election and was elected to a seventh term, even as the party fell back to five seats.[46] He is now a member of the committee on the judiciary, public administration, and local self-government. Pásztor is once again the leader of Serbia's parliamentary friendship group with Spain and is a member of the friendship groups with Austria and Poland.[47]