BBCH-scale (hop)

In biology, the BBCH-scale for hops describes the phenological development of Humulus lupulus (hops) using the BBCH-scale.

The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of hops are:

Growth stageCodeDescription
0: Sprouting 00Dormancy: rootstock without shoots (uncut)
01Dormancy: rootstock without shoots (cut)
07Rootstock with shoots (uncut)
08Beginning of shoot-growth (rootstock cut)
09Emergence: first shoots emerge at the soil surface
1: Leaf development 11First pair of leaves unfolded
122nd pair of leaves unfolded (beginning of twining)
133rd pair of leaves unfolded
1 .Stages continuous till ...
199 and more pairs of leaves unfolded
2: Formation of side shoots 21First pair of side shoots visible
222nd pair of side shoots visible
233rd pair of side shoots visible
2 .Stages continuous till ...
29Nine and more pairs of side shoots visible (secondary side shoots occur)
3: Elongation of bines 31Bines have reached 10% of top wire height
32Bines have reached 20% of top wire height
33Bines have reached 30% of top wire height
3 .Stages continuous till ...
38Plants have reached the top wire
39End of bine growth
5: Inflorescence emergence 51Inflorescence buds visible
55Inflorescence buds enlarged
6: Flowering 61Beginning of flowering: about 10% of flowers open
62About 20% of flowers open
63About 30% of flowers open
64About 40% of flowers open
65Full flowering: about 50% of flowers open
66About 60% of flowers open
67About 70% of flowers open
68About 80% of flowers open
69End of flowering
7: Development of cones 71Beginning of cone development: 10% of inflorescences are cones
75Cone development half way: all cones visible, cones soft, stigmas still present
79Cone development complete: nearly all cones have reached full size
8: Maturity of cones 81Beginning of maturity: 10% of cones are compact
8220% of cones are compact
8330% of cones are compact
8440% of cones are compact
85Advanced maturity: 50% of cones are compact
8660% of cones are compact
8770% of cones are compact
8880% of cones are compact
89Cones ripe for picking: cones closed; lupulin golden; aroma potential fully developed
9: Senescence, entry into dormancy 92Overripeness: cones yellow-brown discoloured, aroma deterioration
97Dormancy: leaves and stems dead

References

  • Rossbauer, G.; L. Buhr; H. Hack; S. Hauptmann; R. Klose; U. Meier; R. Staus; E. Weber (1995). "Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Kultur-Hopfen (Humulus lupulus L.)": 249–253. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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