BBCH-scale (hop)
In biology, the BBCH-scale for hops describes the phenological development of Humulus lupulus (hops) using the BBCH-scale.
The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of hops are:
| Growth stage | Code | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 0: Sprouting | 00 | Dormancy: rootstock without shoots (uncut) |
| 01 | Dormancy: rootstock without shoots (cut) | |
| 07 | Rootstock with shoots (uncut) | |
| 08 | Beginning of shoot-growth (rootstock cut) | |
| 09 | Emergence: first shoots emerge at the soil surface | |
| 1: Leaf development | 11 | First pair of leaves unfolded |
| 12 | 2nd pair of leaves unfolded (beginning of twining) | |
| 13 | 3rd pair of leaves unfolded | |
| 1 . | Stages continuous till ... | |
| 19 | 9 and more pairs of leaves unfolded | |
| 2: Formation of side shoots | 21 | First pair of side shoots visible |
| 22 | 2nd pair of side shoots visible | |
| 23 | 3rd pair of side shoots visible | |
| 2 . | Stages continuous till ... | |
| 29 | Nine and more pairs of side shoots visible (secondary side shoots occur) | |
| 3: Elongation of bines | 31 | Bines have reached 10% of top wire height |
| 32 | Bines have reached 20% of top wire height | |
| 33 | Bines have reached 30% of top wire height | |
| 3 . | Stages continuous till ... | |
| 38 | Plants have reached the top wire | |
| 39 | End of bine growth | |
| 5: Inflorescence emergence | 51 | Inflorescence buds visible |
| 55 | Inflorescence buds enlarged | |
| 6: Flowering | 61 | Beginning of flowering: about 10% of flowers open |
| 62 | About 20% of flowers open | |
| 63 | About 30% of flowers open | |
| 64 | About 40% of flowers open | |
| 65 | Full flowering: about 50% of flowers open | |
| 66 | About 60% of flowers open | |
| 67 | About 70% of flowers open | |
| 68 | About 80% of flowers open | |
| 69 | End of flowering | |
| 7: Development of cones | 71 | Beginning of cone development: 10% of inflorescences are cones |
| 75 | Cone development half way: all cones visible, cones soft, stigmas still present | |
| 79 | Cone development complete: nearly all cones have reached full size | |
| 8: Maturity of cones | 81 | Beginning of maturity: 10% of cones are compact |
| 82 | 20% of cones are compact | |
| 83 | 30% of cones are compact | |
| 84 | 40% of cones are compact | |
| 85 | Advanced maturity: 50% of cones are compact | |
| 86 | 60% of cones are compact | |
| 87 | 70% of cones are compact | |
| 88 | 80% of cones are compact | |
| 89 | Cones ripe for picking: cones closed; lupulin golden; aroma potential fully developed | |
| 9: Senescence, entry into dormancy | 92 | Overripeness: cones yellow-brown discoloured, aroma deterioration |
| 97 | Dormancy: leaves and stems dead |
References
- Rossbauer, G.; L. Buhr; H. Hack; S. Hauptmann; R. Klose; U. Meier; R. Staus; E. Weber (1995). "Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Kultur-Hopfen (Humulus lupulus L.)": 249–253.
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