BMW M10

The BMW M10 is a SOHC inline-4 petrol engine which was produced by BMW from 1962-1988. It was the company's first four-cylinder engine since the BMW 309 ended production in 1936 and was introduced in the New Class sedans.

BMW M10 engine
Overview
Production1962–1988
Layout
ConfigurationInline-4
Displacement
  • 1.5 L (1,499 cc)
  • 1.6 L (1,573 cc)
  • 1.8 L (1,766 cc)
  • 1.8 L (1,773 cc)
  • 2.0 L (1,990 cc)
Cylinder bore82 mm (3.23 in)
84 mm (3.31 in)
89 mm (3.5 in)
Piston stroke71 mm (2.8 in)
80 mm (3.15 in)
Cylinder block materialCast iron
Cylinder head materialAluminium
ValvetrainSOHC
Combustion
Fuel systemSolex carburetor
Stromberg carburettor
Kugelfischer mechanical FI
Fuel typePetrol
Chronology
PredecessorNone
SuccessorBMW M40

The M10 was used in many BMW models, with over 3.5 million being produced during its 26 year production run.[1]

The turbocharged BMW M12 engine— used in the Formula One racing— was based on the M10 engine block and produced up to 1,400 PS (1,030 kW) in qualifying trim.

Following the introduction of the BMW M40 engine in 1987, the M10 began to be phased out.

Development

Baron Alex von Falkenhausen— an engineer and racing driver— designed the M10 .[1] In the late 1950s, he was asked to design an engine with a displacement of 1.3 L (79 cu in), however he felt that this would be insufficient for the company's future needs. Therefore, he convinced BMW that the capacity should be 1.5 L (92 cu in) instead and he designed a block that could be expanded to 2.0 L (122 cu in) in the future.

Design

The M10 has a cast iron block and an aluminum alloy head with hemispherical combustion chambers and two valves per cylinder.[2] It features a forged crankshaft, counterbalance weights, five main bearings and a chain-driven camshaft.[3]

The initial version of the M10 had a bore of 82 mm (3.2 in) and a stroke of 71 mm (2.8 in), resulting in a displacement of 1,499 cc (91.5 cu in). The peak power rating was 59 kW (80 PS; 79 hp).[4][5]

Naming conventions

The engine was initially known as the "M115" (the last two digits representing the 1.5–litre capacity). Over the years, variants of the engine were given various codes (most of them starting with "M1" and the remaining digits relating to the capacity). In 1975, the engine became known as then "M10", then in 1980 it was given the standardised BMW engine code of M10B18 (where "M10" represents the series, B represents petrol (Benzin in German) and the "18" represented its then 1.8–litre capacity).

The M115 and all related engines have become retroactively known as the "M10" family.

Versions
VersionDisplacementPowerTorqueYear
M1151,499 cc (91.5 cu in)55 kW (75 PS; 74 hp)
at 5800 rpm		118 N⋅m (87 lb⋅ft)
at 3700 rpm		1974–1977
59 kW (80 PS; 79 hp)
at 5700 rpm		118 N⋅m (87 lb⋅ft)
at 3000 rpm		1962-1964
M1161,573 cc (96.0 cu in)63 kW (85 PS; 84 hp)
at 5800 rpm		130 N⋅m (96 lb⋅ft)
at 3500 rpm		1964–1975
77 kW (105 PS; 103 hp)
at 6000 rpm		141 N⋅m (104 lb⋅ft)
at 4500 rpm		1967–1968
M4166 kW (90 PS; 89 hp)
at 6000 rpm		167 N⋅m (123 lb⋅ft)
at 4000 rpm		1975-1980
M9855 kW (75 PS; 74 hp)
at 5800 rpm		110 N⋅m (81 lb⋅ft)
at 3200 rpm		1981-1983
M10B181,766 cc (107.8 cu in)74 kW (100 PS; 99 hp)
at 5800 rpm		135 N⋅m (100 lb⋅ft)
at 3500 rpm		1980-1983
77 kW (105 PS; 103 hp)
at 5800 rpm
75 kW (102 PS; 101 hp)		145 N⋅m (107 lb⋅ft)
at 4500 rpm
135 N⋅m (100 lb⋅ft)		1980–1988

S/CH[6]
M1181,773 cc (108.2 cu in)66 kW (90 PS; 89 hp)
at 5,250 rpm		144 N⋅m (106 lb⋅ft)
at 3000 rpm		1963–1974
81 kW (110 PS; 108 hp)
at 5800 rpm		148 N⋅m (109 lb⋅ft)
at 4000 rpm		1964–1976
96 kW (130 PS; 128 hp)
at 6100 rpm		157 N⋅m (116 lb⋅ft)
at 5100 rpm		1964-1965
M051,990 cc (121.4 cu in)74 kW (100 PS; 99 hp)
at 5500 rpm		157 N⋅m (116 lb⋅ft)
at 3000 rpm		1968–1976
88 kW (120 PS; 118 hp)
at 5600 rpm		167 N⋅m (123 lb⋅ft)
at 3500 rpm		1965–1971
M1785 kW (115 PS; 113 hp)
at 5800 rpm		165 N⋅m (122 lb⋅ft)
at 3700 rpm		1972-1977
M1596 kW (130 PS; 128 hp)
at 5800 rpm		177 N⋅m (131 lb⋅ft)
at 4500 rpm		1970–1974
M4380 kW (109 PS; 107 hp)
at 5800 rpm		160 N⋅m (118 lb⋅ft)
at 3700 rpm		1975-1983
M6492 kW (125 PS; 123 hp)
at 5700 rpm		175 N⋅m (129 lb⋅ft)
at 4350 rpm		1975-1979
M10B2081 kW (110 PS; 109 hp)
at 5700 rpm		152 N⋅m (112 lb⋅ft)
at 4350 rpm		1977-1979
M311,990 cc (121.4 cu in)
turbo		125 kW (170 PS; 168 hp)
at 5800 rpm		245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft)
at 4000 rpm		1973-1975

1499 cc engines

The M115 version has a displacement of 1,499 cc (91.5 cu in) and produces 55–60 kW (75–82 PS; 74–80 hp). It has a bore of 82 mm (3.2 in) and a stroke of 71 mm (2.8 in). Lower power models have a compression ratio of 8.0:1, while higher power models have a compressions ratio of 8.8:1. Fuel is supplied via a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor.

Applications:[7][8]

1573 cc engines

The M116 version has a displacement of 1,573 cc (96.0 cu in) and produces 63–77 kW (86–105 PS; 84–103 hp). It has a bore of 84 mm (3.3 in) and a stroke of 71 mm (2.8 in). The standard specification has a compression ratio of 8.6:1 and uses a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor. The 1600 ti version has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses twin Solex 40 PHH carburettors.

Applications:

The M41 version produces 66 kW (90 PS; 89 hp), has an 8.3:1 compression ratio and fuel is supplied by a Solex 32 DIDTA carburettor.

Applications:

  • 1975-1980 E21 316

The M98 version produces 55 kW (75 PS; 74 hp), has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses a Pierburg 1B2 carburettor.

Applications:[9]

  • 1981-1983 E21 315

1766 cc engines

The M10B18 version produces 66–77 kW (90–105 PS; 89–104 hp), depending on specification. The bore is 89 mm (3.5 in) and the stroke is 71 mm (2.8 in).

Applications:

  • 1969-1972 1800— 66 kW (90 PS), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 36-40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1971-1975 1802— 66 kW (90 PS), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 38 PDSI carburettor
  • 1980-1983 E21 320i/320is— U.S. only, 75 kW (101 hp), 8.8:1 compression, Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection
  • 1980-1983 E12 518— South Africa only, 77 kW (105 PS), 10.0:1 compression, Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection
  • 1982-1987 E30 316 — 66 kW (90 PS), 9.5:1 compression, Pierburg 2BE carburettor, Ecotronic.
  • 1982-1988 E30 318i— 77 kW (105 PS), 10.0:1 compression, Bosch L-Jetronic electronic fuel injection
  • 1981-1988 E28 518i— 77 kW (105 PS), 9.5:1 compression, Bosch LE-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection.

1773 cc engines

The M118 version has a displacement of 1,773 cc (108.2 cu in) and produces 66–96 kW (90–130 PS; 89–128 hp),[10] depending on specification. The bore is 84 mm (3.3 in) and the stroke is 80 mm (3.1 in).

Applications:[11]

  • 1963-1968 1800— 66 kW (90 PS), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 36-40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1963-1966 1800ti— 81 kW (110 PS), 9.5:1 compression, twin Solex 40 PHH carburettors
  • 1964-1965 1800tiSA— 96 kW (130 PS), 10.5:1 compression, twin Weber DCOE-45 carburettors
  • 1974-1981 E12 518— 66 kW (90 PS), 8.6:1 compression, Solex 38 PDSI carburettor

1990 cc engines

The M05 version has a displacement of 1,990 cc (121.4 cu in) and produces 74–88 kW (100–120 PS; 99–118 hp), depending on specification. It has a bore of 89 mm (3.5 in) and a stroke of 80 mm (3.1 in).

Applications:

  • 1965-1970 BMW 2000CS— 88 kW (120 PS), 9.3:1 compression, 2x Solex 40 PHH carburettors
  • 1966-1970 BMW 2000C— 74 kW (100 PS), 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1966-1972 BMW 2000— 74 kW (100 PS), 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor
  • 1966-1971 BMW 2000ti— 88 kW (120 PS), 9.3:1 compression, 2x Solex 40 PHH carburettors
  • 1968-1976 BMW 2002— 74 kW (100 PS), 8.5:1 compression, Solex 40 PDSI carburettor

The M15 version used the Kugelfischer mechanical fuel injection and produced 96 kW (130 PS; 128 hp). It was also known as the tii engine.

Applications:

The M17 version produces 85 kW (115 PS). It has compression ratio of 9.0:1 and uses either a Stromberg 175 CDET or a Solex 4A1 carburettor.

Applications:

  • 1972-1977 E12 520

The M43/1 version has a compression ratio of 8.1:1 and produces 81 kW (110 PS; 109 hp).

Applications:

  • 1975-1979 E21 320— Solex 32-32 DIDTA carburettor
  • 1975-1979 E21 320i— USA only, Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection

The M64 version produces 92 kW (125 PS). It has a compression ratio of 9.3:1 and uses Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection.

Applications:

  • 1975-1978 E21 320i
  • 1975-1979 E12 520i

The M31 version uses a KKK BLD turbocharger operating @ 7psi and produces 125 kW (170 PS). It has a compression ratio of 6.9:1 and uses Schafer PL 04 mechanical fuel injection.

Applications:

  • The highly successful M12 turbocharged motorsport engine was based on the M10 engine block.
  • The S14 engine used in the E30 M3 was based on the M10 block.[12]

See also

References
  1. "BMW World - M10 Engine". www.usautoparts.net. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012.
  2. "M10 - E30 Zone Wiki". www.e30zone.net. Archived from the original on 2 January 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
  3. "BMW M10 Four Cylinder Engines". www.unixnerd.demon.co.uk. Archived from the original on 22 May 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  4. Zal, Pawel (ed.). 1963 BMW 1500 (for Europe North America ) specs review. ISBN 978-83-931772-0-2. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  5. Andrew Everett (1 May 2016). "The inner working of the long lived BMW M-10 Engine". Retrieved 16 December 2022.
  6. Hogsten, Dag E. (1982-10-06). "Prestige till varje pris" [Prestige at any cost]. Teknikens Värld (in Swedish). Vol. 34, no. 21. Stockholm, Sweden: Specialtidningsförlaget AB. p. 26.
  7. "1975 BMW Type 114 1502 Specs". www.ultimatespecs.com. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  8. "1961 BMW New Class 1500 Specs". www.ultimatespecs.com. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  9. "1981 BMW E21 3 Series 315 Specs". www.ultimatespecs.com. Retrieved 23 January 2017.
  10. "1962 BMW 1800 specifications, information, data, photos". www.carfolio.com. Retrieved 24 January 2017.
  11. "BMW M99 Automobilmotor". BMW Group Archiv (in German). Retrieved 30 November 2018.
  12. "3 Series – E30". BMW History. Archived from the original on 2012-03-07. Retrieved 2012-11-07.
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