Culasi

Culasi, officially the Municipality of Culasi (Kinaray-a: Banwa kang Culasi; Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Culasi; Tagalog: Bayan ng Culasi), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Antique, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 44,494 people. Making it fourth most populous municipality in the province of Antique and third largest municipality in terms of land area, with a total area of 228.56 square kilometers.

Culasi
Municipality
Municipality of Culasi
Municipal Hall of Culasi
Municipal Hall of Culasi
Flag of Culasi
Flag
Map of Antique with Culasi highlighted
Map of Antique with Culasi highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Culasi is located in Philippines
Culasi
Culasi
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 11°25′38″N 122°03′22″E
CountryPhilippines
RegionWestern Visayas
ProvinceAntique
District Lone district
Barangays44 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Bayan
 • MayorJose Jeffrey Y. Lomugdang
 • Vice MayorBibiano A. Herco
 • RepresentativeLoren Legarda
 • Municipal Council
Members
 • Electorate28,497 voters (Philippine general election, 2022)
Area
[2]
 • Total228.56 km2 (88.25 sq mi)
Elevation
103 m (338 ft)
Highest elevation
(Mount Madja-as)
2,117 m (6,946 ft)
Lowest elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[3]
 • Total44,494
 • Density190/km2 (500/sq mi)
 • Households
11,075
Economy
 • Income class3rd municipal income class
 • Poverty incidence
22.58
% (2018)[4]
 • Revenue₱ 170.5 million (2020)
 • Assets₱ 448.5 million (2020)
 • Expenditure₱ 130.9 million (2020)
 • Liabilities₱ 132.2 million (2020)
Service provider
 • ElectricityAntique Electric Cooperative (ANTECO)
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
5708
PSGC
060606000
IDD : area code +63 (0)36
Native languagesKaray-a
Hiligaynon
Ati
Tagalog

The municipality of Culasi is known as the home of majestic Mount Madja-as, the highest peak in Panay. It is famous for its mossy forest, sea of clouds and 14 waterfalls, with an elevation of 6,946 ft (2,117 m) above sea level. Madja-as an enchanted mountain sacred to ancient Visayans as it is home to the god of death, Sidapa, and god of meteors, Bulalakaw.[3]

Etymology

The name Culasi or Kulasi was derived from the local term for a species of mangrove Lumnitzera racemosa which grow abundantly in the vicinity's river basin.

History

Spanish colonial times

During the Spanish colonial times, Culasi was known by its old name "Bacong". Now, Bacong is only one of its barangays. Bacong was one of the four visitas or towns established by the Spaniards. The others were Nalupa (now Barbaza), Bugason (now Bugasong), and Hamtik (now Hamtic).

The 1905 census revealed that Culasi had the biggest Chinese population in Antique, so much so that it had a barrio named "Villa de Hong Kong" in their honor. It is now part of the Poblacion.

1981 Bacong Bridge Massacre

One of the significant events of the Philippines's Martial Law era was the Bacong Bridge Massacre, which took place in Culasi on December 19, 1981.[5] Sometimes also known as the Culasi incident, it involved the Philippine Constabulary killing 5 protester-farmers at the Bacong River bridge in Barangay Malacañang, Culasi, Antique. The victims were identified as Leopoldo A. Anos, Aquilino M. Castillo, Fortunato M. Dalisay, Remegildo P. Dalisay, and Joel B. Plaquino.[6]

Geography
Mararison Island seen from Culasi

Culasi is 92 kilometres (57 mi) north from San Jose de Buenavista, the capital of Antique, and 90 kilometres (56 mi) south from Kalibo, the capital of Aklan.

According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of 228.56 square kilometres (88.25 sq mi) [7] constituting 8.37% of the 2,729.17-square-kilometre- (1,053.74 sq mi) total area of Antique.

Located in the northern portion of the province, it is bounded on the north by Sebaste, south by Tibiao, west by the Sulu Sea and east by Mount Madja-as and the Municipality of Madalag, Aklan, just beyond. Its territory includes Maniguin (or Maningning / Hammerhead) and Batbatan Islands.

Excluding the outlying islands, its northernmost point is located at 11°32’05" latitude and 122°05’00" longitude. Its easternmost point is located at 11°30’50" latitude and 122°10’05" longitude. Its southernmost point is located at 11°21’04" latitude and 122°02’08" longitude and the westernmost point is at 11°31’05" latitude and 122°03’08" longitude.

List of islands in Culasi by land area

Topography

Culasi has a slope of 8°. Eastern height ranges from 200 metres (660 ft) to 2,117 metres (6,946 ft) at the summit of Mount Madia-as, it is the highest point in Panay. It has unbroken mountain range from barangay Batonan Sur in the south to barangay Salde in the northernmost. From the peak of Madia-as Mountain it gradually flattens down to a narrow strip of the coastal plain. Land area roughly covers 82.92% upland and above lowland comprises 17.08% of the land area with a slope of 18% and below. Forest areas comprise almost half of the total land area covering 12,078 hectares (29,850 acres).

Climate
Climate data for Culasi, Antique
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 29
(84)		 30
(86)		 31
(88)		 33
(91)		 32
(90)		 30
(86)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 29
(84)		 30
(86)
Average low °C (°F) 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 22
(72)		 24
(75)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 25
(77)		 24
(75)		 24
(75)		 23
(73)		 24
(75)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 64
(2.5)		 44
(1.7)		 58
(2.3)		 83
(3.3)		 204
(8.0)		 304
(12.0)		 334
(13.1)		 291
(11.5)		 310
(12.2)		 281
(11.1)		 172
(6.8)		 97
(3.8)		 2,242
(88.3)
Average rainy days 12.5 8.9 11.3 14.1 24.2 28.0 29.6 28.2 28.1 28.1 20.2 15.2 248.4
Source: Meteoblue (modeled/calculated data, not measured locally)[8]

Culasi has two distinct seasons, the rainy and dry. Rainy season occurs in the months of May to November and dry season for the rest of the year. Areas like the mountainous barangays of Flores and Osorio located at the southern portion of the municipality are characterized by a relatively cool temperature which is highly suited for coffee. The higher precipitation acquired may be caused by high mountain range or because of its high topography.

Barangays

Culasi is politically subdivided into 44 barangays.[9] Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

These barangays are classified into 3 island, 11 upland, 16 coastal and 14 interior/lowland barangays.

PSGC Barangay Population ±% p.a.
2020[3] 2010[10]
060606001 Alojipan 1.0% 462 446 ▴ 0.35%
060606002 Bagacay 3.3% 1,480 1,462 ▴ 0.12%
060606003 Balac-balac 1.5% 660 601 ▴ 0.94%
060606005 Batbatan Island 6.4% 2,851 2,407 ▴ 1.71%
060606007 Batonan Norte 1.4% 620 608 ▴ 0.20%
060606008 Batonan Sur 1.7% 749 730 ▴ 0.26%
060606009 Bita 1.0% 431 410 ▴ 0.50%
060606010 Bitadton Norte 1.8% 788 711 ▴ 1.03%
060606011 Bitadton Sur 4.9% 2,166 2,075 ▴ 0.43%
060606012 Buenavista 1.6% 726 683 ▴ 0.61%
060606013 Buhi 1.4% 619 582 ▴ 0.62%
060606014 Camancijan 4.4% 1,938 1,901 ▴ 0.19%
060606015 Caridad 2.0% 882 828 ▴ 0.63%
060606016 Carit-an 1.4% 628 518 ▴ 1.94%
060606032 Centro Norte (Poblacion) 4.8% 2,114 1,947 ▴ 0.83%
060606031 Centro Poblacion 5.6% 2,477 2,668 ▾ −0.74%
060606033 Centro Sur (Poblacion) 3.7% 1,654 1,791 ▾ −0.79%
060606017 Condes 0.9% 420 389 ▴ 0.77%
060606018 Esperanza 2.5% 1,132 1,029 ▴ 0.96%
060606019 Fe 1.7% 770 678 ▴ 1.28%
060606020 Flores 1.8% 822 804 ▴ 0.22%
060606021 Jalandoni 3.3% 1,485 1,384 ▴ 0.71%
060606022 Janlagasi 0.5% 215 204 ▴ 0.53%
060606023 Lamputong 1.4% 628 617 ▴ 0.18%
060606024 Lipata 4.4% 1,962 1,831 ▴ 0.69%
060606004 Magsaysay (Balua) 1.3% 578 524 ▴ 0.99%
060606025 Malacañang 3.5% 1,572 1,466 ▴ 0.70%
060606026 Malalison Island 1.5% 649 584 ▴ 1.06%
060606027 Maniguin 1.6% 719 643 ▴ 1.12%
060606028 Naba 3.7% 1,628 999 ▴ 5.00%
060606029 Osorio 1.2% 524 485 ▴ 0.78%
060606030 Paningayan 0.8% 354 330 ▴ 0.70%
060606034 Salde 0.5% 203 121 ▴ 5.31%
060606036 San Antonio 2.2% 962 1,664 ▾ −5.33%
060606037 San Gregorio 1.1% 476 450 ▴ 0.56%
060606038 San Juan 1.7% 751 632 ▴ 1.74%
060606039 San Luis 1.6% 715 696 ▴ 0.27%
060606040 San Pascual 0.9% 416 384 ▴ 0.80%
060606041 San Vicente 0.9% 396 390 ▴ 0.15%
060606042 Simbola 0.5% 229 201 ▴ 1.31%
060606043 Tigbobolo 1.0% 460 423 ▴ 0.84%
060606044 Tinabusan 0.4% 177 167 ▴ 0.58%
060606045 Tomao 1.7% 751 667 ▴ 1.19%
060606046 Valderama 2.2% 989 956 ▴ 0.34%
Total 44,494 39,086 ▴ 1.30%

Demographics
Saint Michael and All Angels Parish Church of the Iglesia Filipina Independiente
Population census of Culasi
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 10,966—    
1918 15,790+2.46%
1939 19,019+0.89%
1948 20,601+0.89%
1960 23,923+1.25%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1970 22,621−0.56%
1975 23,584+0.84%
1980 25,674+1.71%
1990 29,719+1.47%
1995 30,431+0.44%
YearPop.±% p.a.
2000 34,732+2.87%
2007 37,100+0.91%
2010 39,086+1.92%
2015 41,228+1.02%
2020 44,494+1.51%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[11][10][12][13]

In the 2020 census, Culasi had a population of 44,494.[3] The population density was 190 inhabitants per square kilometre (490/sq mi).

Economy
Poverty Incidence of Culasi
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[14][15]
[16][17][18][19][20]

Farming and fishing are the major livelihood where the Culasinhon depend their living.

Natural resources

The rolling hills of Mount Madja-as are rich in manganese, copper and coal found in Timbaban. Other metallic mineral deposits are white clay and pebbles in the island barangays of Malalison and Batbatan. Sand and gravel is being extracted in various rivers and used for infrastructure. Another metallic mineral is the limestone deposit found in Sitio Bula, Camancijan and is used for agricultural and industrial purpose. Limestone is used in the production of cement.

Most treasured one is the oil deposit in Maniguin Island explored by the Philippine National Oil Corporation (PNOC). Several companies drilled oil deposit in Maniguin with black coal. Maniguin has a potential reserve of 28 to 250 million barrels (4.5 to 40 million cubic metres) of oil, based on the PNOC drilling project report.

Communication
  • Landline: Panay Telephone Corp. (PANTELCO)
  • Cellular: Smart, Globe, Sun Cellular
  • Postal Services: PhilPost
  • Cable Television: Kalibo Cable TV-Culasi (Culasi CATV)
  • Radio Station: Radyo Natin 101.1 (DYRE-FM) - MBC/Madjaas Communication Service, Sweet FM 95.9 - Xanthone Broadcasting
  • Television: over-the-air TV signals picked up in the area are from Iloilo TV stations especially ABS-CBN TV 10 Iloilo which has a stronger signal.

Education

College
  • Vicente A. Javier Memorial Community College (VAJMCC)

Secondary
Saint Michael High School of Culasi
  • Bitadton National High School (BNHS)
  • Lipata - Lamputong Integrated School (LLIS)
  • Northern Antique Vocational School (NAVS)
  • Saint Michael High School of Culasi, Inc. (SMHS)
  • San Antonio National High School (SANHS)

Elementary
Culasi North Elementary School
  • Alojipan Primary School
  • Bagacay Elementary School
  • Balac-Balac Primary School
  • Batbatan Elementary School
  • Batonan Norte Elementary School
  • Batonan Sur Primary School
  • Bitadton Elementary School
  • Buenavista Elementary School
  • Buhi Elementary School
  • Camancijan Elementary School
  • Carit-an Elementary School
  • Culasi Central School
  • Culasi North Elementary School
  • Esperanza Elementary School
  • Fe-Caridad Elementary School
  • Flores Elementary School
  • Kawit Elementary School
  • Light Bearer's Fundamental Baptist Learning Center, Inc.
  • Mag-ayad Primary School
  • Magsaysay Elementary School
  • Malacañang Elementary School
  • Malalison Elementary School
  • Maniguin Elementary School
  • Naba Primary School
  • Osorio Elementary School
  • Paningayan Primary School
  • Saint Michael the Archangel Grade School of Culasi, Inc. (SMAGS)
  • San Antonio Elementary School
  • San Juan Elementary School
  • San Luis-Condes Elementary School
  • San Pascual Primary School
  • San Vicente Elementary School
  • Tomao Primary School
  • Valderrama Elementary School

Pre-school
  • Culasi Christian Learning Center (CCLC)
  • Culasi Cooperative Learning Center (CMPC-LC)
  • Day Care Centers (DCCs)
  • Saint Michael Parochial Kindergarten School (SMPKS)
  • Seaside Baptist Learning Center, Inc. (SBLCI)

References
  1.  Municipality of Culasi | (DILG)
  2. "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  3. Census of Population (2020). "Region VI (Western Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  5. "The Bacong Bridge Massace of 1981". 19 December 2019.
  6. "Honoring the Martyrs of the Culasi/Bacong Bridge Massacre of 1981". 23 December 2020.
  7. "Province: Antique". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  8. "Culasi: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  9. "Municipal: Culasi". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  10. Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region VI (Western Visayas)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  11. Census of Population (2015). "Region VI (Western Visayas)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  12. Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region VI (Western Visayas)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
  13. "Province of Antique". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities Administration Research Division. Retrieved 17 December 2016.
  14. "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
  15. "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 29 November 2005.
  16. "2003 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 23 March 2009.
  17. "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
  18. "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
  19. "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 10 July 2019.
  20. "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
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