Baghdad vilayet
The Vilayet of Baghdad (Arabic: ولاية بغداد; Ottoman Turkish: ولايت بغداد, romanized: 'Vilâyet-i Bagdad; Modern Turkish: Bağdat Vilâyeti) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire in modern-day central Iraq. The capital was Baghdad.
| Baghdad Vilayet | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vilayet of Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
| 1864–1918 | |||||||||
.svg.png.webp) | |||||||||
.png.webp) The Baghdad Vilayet in 1900 | |||||||||
| Capital | Baghdad | ||||||||
| Demonym | Bagdadi | ||||||||
| Area | |||||||||
• 1885[1] | 141,160 km2 (54,500 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• 1885[1] | 850,000 | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 1864 | |||||||||
| 1918 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Iraq | ||||||||
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At the beginning of the 20th century it reportedly had an area of 54,503 square miles (141,160 km2), while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 850,000.[1] The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.[1]
Demographics
| Baghdad vilayet | Male | Female | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muslims | 159,129 | 3,814 | 162,943 |
| Armenians | 373 | 373 | |
| Armenian Catholics | 723 | 723 | |
| Protestants | 40 | 40 | |
| Latins | 55 | 2 | 57 |
| Syriacs | 327 | 327 | |
| Jews | 13,621 | 94 | 13,715 |
| Total | 174,268 | 3,910 | 178,178 |
The last Ottoman Census of 1917 stated that in Baghdad Sanjak out of the 202,000 population, 88,000 were Jews, 40 000 Kurd, 8,000 Christians, 800 Persian and rest Arab and other Muslims.[3]
| Population of Baghdad according to Ottoman Yearbook 1917 [3] | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanjak/Kaza | Jews | Kurd | Christians | Arab,Turks and other Muslims | Persian | Total |
| Baghdad Sanjak | 88,000 | 44,000 | 8,000 | 101,400 | 800 | 202,000 |
History
In 1869, Midhat Pasha was inaugurated as governor of Baghdad. He extended Ottoman jurisdiction as far as the town of al-Bida, after he had established his authority in Nejd. In January 1872, Qatar was designated as a kaza under the Sanjak of Nejd. However, relations with the Ottoman authorities became hostile in both al-Bida and Nejd, leading eventually to the Battle of Al Wajbah, at which Ottomans were defeated.[4]
Administrative divisions
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Sanjaks or Districts of the vilayet:[5]
| Sanjak | Currently |
|---|---|
| Baghdad Sanjak | Baghdad |
| Divaniye Sanjak | Al Diwaniyah |
| Kerbela Sanjak | Karbala |
| Najd Sanjak | June 1871 - 1875, then part of the Basra Vilayet) [6] |
Governors
Notable governors of the Vilayet:[7]
- Hafiz Ahmed Midhat Shefik Pasha (March 1869 - November 1871)
- Giritli Sırrı Pasha
See also
References
- Asia by A. H. Keane, page 460
- Karpat, Kemal (1985). Ottoman Population, 1830-1914: Demographic and Social Characteristics. pp. 164–165.
- Rejwan, Nissim (January 2010). "In old Baghdad". The Last Jews in Baghdad: Remembering a Lost Homeland. p. 1. ISBN 9780292774421.
- H Rahman (2012-11-12). The Emergence Of Qatar. Routledge. pp. 93–96. ISBN 978-1-136-75369-5. Retrieved 2013-05-22.
- Bagdad Vilayeti | Tarih ve Medeniyet
- Worldstatesmen — Saudi Arabia
- World Statesmen — Iraq
External links
Media related to Baghdad Vilayet at Wikimedia Commons- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. III (9th ed.). 1878. p. 231.
- Peters, John Punnett (1911). . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 193–194.