Royal Society Bakerian Medal

The Bakerian Medal is one of the premier medals[1] of the Royal Society that recognizes exceptional and outstanding science. It comes with a medal award and a prize lecture. The medalist is required to give a lecture on any topic related to physical sciences. It is awarded annually to individuals in the field of physical sciences, including computer science.

Royal Society Bakerian Medal
Awarded forFor outstanding contributions to science
Sponsored byThe Royal Society
Date1922 (1922)
LocationLondon
CountryUnited Kingdom
First awarded1775
Websiteroyalsociety.org/grants-schemes-awards/awards/bakerian-lecture/

History

The prize was started in 1775, when Henry Baker left £100 to establish a spoken lecture given by a Fellow of the Royal Society on such part of natural history or experimental philosophy as the Society shall determine. Clearly, this is to deliver a lecture of scientific interests and importance, and encourage sharing of knowledge with others.

Awardees

Source: Royal Society

21st century
  • 2024 Michele Dougherty, for her scientific leadership of the Cassini magnetic field instrument at Saturn, seminal research findings on potential life support on Enceladus and leadership of forthcoming missions to probe Jupiter’s icy moons
  • 2023 Andrew Zisserman, for research on computational theory and commercial systems for geometrical analysis of images, and for being a pioneer and leading scientist in machine learning for vision, especially image recognition[2]
  • 2022 Michelle Simmons, for seminal contributions to our understanding of nature at the atomic-scale by creating a sequence of world-first quantum electronic devices in which individual atoms control device behaviour[3]
  • 2021 Victoria Kaspi, for her research focused on neutron stars and their utility for constraining basic physics[4]
  • 2020 Sir James Hough, for his world-leading work on suspensions systems for the test masses used in laser interferometry, pivotal to the successful detection of gravitational waves. [5]
  • 2019 Edward Hinds, for his achievements in controlling individual atoms, molecules and photons.
  • 2018 Susan Solomon, her contributions in atmospheric science especially on polar ozone depletion.
  • 2017 Andrew Hopper, for his work in computer networking and sentient computing systems.[6]
  • 2016 Andrea Ghez, The monster at the heart of our galaxy
  • 2015 John Ellis, The Long Road to the Higgs Boson - and Beyond
  • 2014 Lynn Gladden, It’s magnetic resonance – but not as you know it[7]
  • 2013 David Leigh, Making the tiniest machines[7]
  • 2012 Peter Edwards, Metals and the conducting and superconducting states of matter[8]
  • 2011 Herbert Huppert, Carbon storage: caught between a rock and climate change[9]
  • 2010 Donal Bradley, Plastic electronics: their science and applications[10]
  • 2009 James Murray, Mathematics in the real world: From brain tumours to saving marriages.
  • 2008 Robin Clark, Raman microscopy, pigments and the arts/science interface
  • 2007 Joseph Silk, The dark side of the Universe
  • 2006 Athene Donald, The mesoscopic world - from plastic bags to brain disease - structural similarities in physics
  • 2005 John Pendry, Negative refraction, the perfect lens and metamaterials
  • 2004 Michael Pepper, Semiconductor nanostructures and new quantum effects
  • 2003 Christopher Dobson, Protein folding and misfolding: from theory to therapy
  • 2002 Arnold Wolfendale, Cosmic rays: what are they and where do they come from?
  • 2001 David Sherrington, Magnets, microchips, memories and markets: statistical physics of complex systems.

20th century

19th century
  • 1899 James Alfred Ewing & Walter Rosenhain, The Crystalline Structure of Metals.
  • 1898 William James Russell, Further Experiments on the Action exerted by certain Metals and other Bodies on a Photographic Plate.
  • 1897 Osborne Reynolds & William Henry Moorby, On the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat.
  • 1896 William Chandler Roberts-Austen, On the Diffusion of Metals.
  • 1895 Augustus George Vernon Harcourt & William Esson, On the Laws of Connexion between the Conditions of a Chemical Change and its Amount. III. Further Researches on the Reaction of Hydrogen Dioxide and Hydrogen Iodide.
  • 1894 Thomas Edward Thorpe & James Wyllie Rodger, On the Relations between the Viscosity of Liquids and their Chemical Nature.[13]
  • 1893 Harold Baily Dixon, The rate of Explosion in Gases.
  • 1892 James Thomson, On the Grand Currents of Atmospheric Circulation.
  • 1891 George Howard Darwin, On Tidal Prediction.
  • 1890 Arthur Schuster, The Discharge of Electricity through Gases. Preliminary Communication.
  • 1889 Arthur William Rucker & Thomas Edward Thorpe, A magnetic Survey of the British isles for the Epoch January 1, 1886.
  • 1888 J. Norman Lockyer, Suggestions on the Classification of the various Species of Heavenly Bodies. A Report to the Solar Physics Committee.
  • 1887 Joseph John Thomson, On the Dissociation of some Gases by the Electric Discharge.
  • 1886 William de Wiveleslie Abney & Edward Robert Festing, Colour Photometry.
  • 1885 William Huggins, On the Corona of the Sun.
  • 1884 Arthur Schuster, Experiments on the Discharge of Electricity through gases. Sketch of a Theory.
  • 1883 William Crookes, On Radiant Matter Spectroscopy: the Detection and wide Distribution of Yttrium.
  • 1882 Heinrich Debus, On the Chemical Theory of Gunpowder.
  • 1881 John Tyndall, Action of free Molecules on Radiant Heat, and its conversion thereby into sound.
  • 1880 William de Wiveleslie Abney, On the Photographic Method of Mapping the least refrangible end of the Solar Spectrum.
  • 1879 William Crookes, On the Illumination of Lines of Molecular Pressure and the Trajectory of Molecules.
  • 1878 William Crookes, On Repulsion resulting from Radiation. Part V.
  • 1877 William Crawford Williamson, On the Organization of the Fossil Plants of the Coal Measures.
  • 1876 Thomas Andrews, On the Gaseous State of Matter.
  • 1875 William Grylls Adams, On the Forms of Equipotential Curves and Surfaces and on Lines of Flow.
  • 1874 J. Norman Lockyer, Researches in Spectrum Analysis in connexion with the Spectrum of the Sun. Part III.
  • 1873 Earl of Rosse, On the Radiation of Heat from the Moon, the Law of its Absorption by our Atmosphere, and its variation in Amount with her Phases.
  • 1872 William Kitchen Parker, On the Structure and Development of the Skull of the Salmon.
  • 1871 Charles William Siemens, On the Increase of Electrical Resistance in Conductors with Rise of Temperature, and its Application to the Measure of Ordinary and Furnace Temperatures.
  • 1870 John William Dawson, On the Pre-Carboniferous Flora of North-Eastern America, and more especially on that of the Erian (Devonian) Period.
  • 1869 Thomas Andrews, The Continuity of the Gaseous and Liquid States of Matter.
  • 1868 Henry Enfield Roscoe, Researches on Vanadium.
  • 1867 Frederick Augustus Abel, Researches on Gun-Cotton. (Second Memoir). On the Stability of Gun-Cotton.
  • 1866 James Clerk Maxwell, On the Viscosity or Internal Friction of Air and other Gases.
  • 1865 Henry Enfield Roscoe, On a Method of Meteorological Registration of the Chemical Action of Total Daylight.
  • 1864 John Tyndall, Contributions to Molecular Physics: being the Fifth Memoir of Researches on Radiant Heat.
  • 1863 Henry Clifton Sorby, On the Direct Correlation of Mechanical and Chemical Forces.
  • 1862 Warren De la Rue, On the Total Solar Eclipse of 18 July 1860, observed at Rivabellosa, near Miranda de Ebro in Spain.
  • 1861 John Tyndall, On the Absorption and Radiation of Heat by Gases and Vapours, and on the Physical Connexion of radiation, Absorption and Conduction.
  • 1860 William Fairbairn, Experimental Researches to determine the Law of Superheated Steam.
  • 1859 Edward Frankland, Researches on Organo-metallic Bodies. Fourth Memoir.
  • 1858 John Peter Gassiot, On the Stratifications and dark band in Electrical Discharges as observed in Torricellian Vacua.
  • 1857 Michael Faraday, Experimental Relations of Gold (and other metals) to Light.
  • 1856 William Thomson, On the Electro-dynamic Qualities of Metals.
  • 1855 John Tyndall, On the Nature of the Force by which Bodies are repelled from the Poles of a Magnet; to which is prefixed an account of some experiments on Molecular Influences.
  • 1854 Thomas Graham, On Osmotic Force.
  • 1853 Edward Sabine, On the Influence of the Moon on the Magnetic Declination at Toronto, St Helena, and Hobarton.
  • 1852 Charles Wheatstone, Contributions to the Physiology of Vision. Part II. On some remarkable and hitherto unobserved Phenomena on Binocular Vision (continued).
  • 1851 Michael Faraday, Experimental Researches in Electricity. Twenty-Fourth Series.
  • 1850 Thomas Graham, On the Diffusion of Liquids.
  • 1849 Michael Faraday, Experimental Researches in Electricity. Twenty-Second Series.
  • 1848 Revd William Whewell, Researches on the Tides. Thirteenth Series. On the Tides of the Pacific, and on the Diurnal Inequality.
  • 1847 William Robert Grove, On certain Phenomena of Voltaic Ignition and the Decomposition of Water into its constituent Gases by Heat.
  • 1846 James David Forbes, Illustrations of the Viscous Theory of Glacier Motion.
  • 1845 Charles Giles Bridle Daubeny, Memoir on the Rotation of Crops, and on the Quantity of Inorganic Matters abstracted from the Soil by various Plants under different circumstances.
  • 1844 Richard Owen, A Description of certain Belemnites, preserved, with a great proportion of their soft parts, in the Oxford Clay, at Christian-Malford, Wilts.
  • 1843 Charles Wheatstone, An Account of several new Instruments and Processes for determining the Constants of a Voltaic Circuit.
  • 1842 James David Forbes, On the Transparency of the Atmosphere and the Law of Extinction of the Solar Rays in passing through it.
  • 1841 George Newport, On the Organs of Reproduction and the Development of the Myriapoda.
  • 1840 George Biddell Airy, On the Theoretical Explanation of an apparent new Polarity of Light.
  • 1839 William Snow Harris, Inquiries concerning the Elementary Laws of Electricity.
  • 1838 James Ivory, On the Theory of the Astronomical Refractions.
  • 1837 William Henry Fox Talbot, Further Observations on the Optical Phenomena of Crystals.
  • 1836 John William Lubbock, On the Tides of the Port of London.
  • 1835 Charles Lyell, On the Proofs of a gradual Rising of the Land in certain parts of Sweden.
  • 1834 Not appointed
  • 1833 Samuel Hunter Christie, Experimental Determination of the Laws of Magneto-Electric Induction in different masses of the same metal, and its intensity in different metals.
  • 1832 Michael Faraday, Experimental Researches in Electricity; Second Series.
  • 1831 No record of lecture
  • 1830 No record of lecture
  • 1829 Michael Faraday, On the manufacture of Glass for Optical Purposes.
  • 1828 William Hyde Wollaston, On a Method of rendering Platina malleable.
  • 1827 George Pearson, Researches to discover the Faculties of Pulmonary Absorption with respect to Charcoal.
  • 1826 Humphry Davy, On the Relations of Electrical and Chemical Changes.
  • 1825 No record of lecture
  • 1824 No record of lecture
  • 1823 John F.W. Herschel, On certain Motions produced in Fluid Conductors when transmitting the Electric Current.
  • 1822 No record of lecture
  • 1821 Edward Sabine, An Account of Experiments to determine the Amount of the Dip of the Magnetic Needle in London, in August 1821; with Remarks on the Instruments which are usually employed in such determination.
  • 1820 Henry Kater, On the best kind of Steel, and form, for a Compass Needle.
  • 1819 William Thomas Brande, On the Composition and Analysis of the inflammable Gaseous Compounds resulting from the destructive Distillation of Coal and Oil; with some Remarks on their relative heating and illuminating power.
  • 1818 No record of lecture
  • 1817 No record of lecture
  • 1816 No record of lecture
  • 1815 No record of lecture
  • 1814 No record of lecture
  • 1813 William Thomas Brande, On some new Electro-Chemical Phenomena.
  • 1812 William Hyde Wollaston, On the Elementary Particles of certain Crystals.
  • 1811 Humphry Davy (?)
  • 1810 Humphry Davy, On some of the Combinations of Oxymuriatic Gas and Oxygen, and on the Chemical Relations of these Principles to Inflammable Bodies.
  • 1809 Humphry Davy, On some new Electro-Chemical Researches, on various objects, particularly the Metallic Bodies from the Alkalies and Earths; and on some Combinations of Hydrogen.
  • 1808 Humphry Davy, An Account of some new Analytical Researches on the Nature of certain Bodies, particularly the Alkalies, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Carbonaceous Matters, and the Acids hitherto undecompounded; with some general Observations on Chemical Theory.
  • 1807 Humphry Davy, On some new Phenomena of Chemical Changes produced by Electricity, particularly the Decomposition of the fixed Alkalies, and the Exhibition of the new Substances, which constitute their Bases.
  • 1806 Humphry Davy, On some Chemical Agencies of Electricity.
  • 1805 William Hyde Wollaston, On the Force of Percussion.
  • 1804 Samuel Vince, Observations on the Hypotheses which have been assumed to account for the cause of Gravitation from Mechanical Principles.
  • 1803 Thomas Young, Experiments and Calculations relative to Physical Optics.
  • 1802 William Hyde Wollaston, Observations on the Quantity of Horizontal Refraction; with Method of measuring the Dip at Sea.
  • 1801 Thomas Young, On the Theory of Light and Colours.
  • 1800 Thomas Young, On the Mechanism of the Eye.

18th century
  • 1799 Samuel Vince (?)
  • 1798 Samuel Vince, Observations upon an unusual Horizontal Refraction of the Air; with Remarks on the Variations to which the lower Parts of the Atmosphere are sometimes subject.
  • 1797 Samuel Vince, Experiments upon the Resistance of Bodies moving in Fluids.
  • 1796 Samuel Vince (?)
  • 1795 Samuel Vince (?)
  • 1794 Samuel Vince, Observations on the Theory of the Motion and Resistance of Fluids; with a Description of the Construction of Experiments, in order to obtain some fundamental Principles.
  • 1793 George Fordyce, An Account of a New Pendulum.
  • 1792 Tiberius Cavallo, An Account of the Discoveries concerning Muscular Motion, which have been lately made, and are commonly known by the name of Animal Electricity.
  • 1791 Tiberius Cavallo, On the Method of Measuring Distances by means of Telescopes furnished with Micrometers.
  • 1790 Tiberius Cavallo, A Description of a new Pyrometer.
  • 1789 Tiberius Cavallo, Magnetical Experiments and Observations.
  • 1788 Tiberius Cavallo, On an Improvement in the Blow Pipe.
  • 1787 Tiberius Cavallo, Of the Methods of manifesting the Presence, and ascertaining the Quality, of small Quantities of Natural or Artificial Electricity.
  • 1786 Tiberius Cavallo, Magnetical Experiments and Observations.
  • 1785 Tiberius Cavallo, Magnetical Experiments and Observations.
  • 1784 Tiberius Cavallo, An Account of some Experiments made with the new improved Air Pump.
  • 1783 Tiberius Cavallo, Description of an improved Air Pump.
  • 1782 Tiberius Cavallo, An Account of some Experiments relating to the Property of Common and Inflammable Airs of pervading the Pores of Paper.
  • 1781 Tiberius Cavallo, An Account of some Thermometrical Experiments.
  • 1780 Tiberius Cavallo, Thermometrical Experiments and Observations.
  • 1779 John Ingen-Housz, Improvements in Electricity.
  • 1778 John Ingen-Housz, Electrical Experiments to explain how far the Phenomena of the Electrophorus may be accounted for by Dr Franklins Theory of Positive and Negative Electricity.
  • 1777 Peter Woulfe
  • 1776 Peter Woulfe
  • 1775 Peter Woulfe, Experiments made in order to ascertain the nature of some Mineral Substances, and in particular to see how far the Acids of Sea-Salt and of Vitriol contribute to Mineralize Metallic and other Substances.

References
  1. "Premier Medals of the Royal Society, UK".
  2. "The full list of 2022 winners".
  3. "The full list of 2021 winners". Royal Society. Retrieved 27 August 2021.
  4. "Bakerian Medal and Lecture winner 2021". Royal Society. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  5. "Bakerian Medal and Lecture". Royal Society. Retrieved 4 October 2019.
  6. "Bakerian Medal".
  7. "Bakerian Lecture n- Royal Society". Royal Society. Retrieved 12 September 2013.
  8. "Bakerian Prize Lecture given by Professor Peter Edwards FRS | Royal Society".
  9. "| Royal Society".
  10. "| Royal Society".
  11. Munk, W.H.; Scully-Power, P.; Zachariasen, F. (1987). "The Bakerian Lecture, 1986: Ships from Space". Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A. 412 (1843): 231–254. Bibcode:1987RSPSA.412..231M. doi:10.1098/rspa.1987.0087.
  12. "Conference on the variability of the atmosphere and the oceans on time scales of a month to several years". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 67 (6): 801. 1986. Bibcode:1986BAMS...67..785.. doi:10.1175/1520-0477-67.6.785.
  13. Thorpe, T. E.; Rodger, J. W. (1894). "Bakerian Lecture: On the Relations between the Viscosity (Internal Friction) of Liquids and Their Chemical Nature". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. 55 (331–335): 148–159. doi:10.1098/rspl.1894.0027. JSTOR 115457.
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