Banana colloquial speech
Banana colloquial speech (Taiwanese: Keng-chio-pe̍h-ōe or simply Keng-chio-pe̍h) or Banana colloquial dialect is a creole language or cant spoken among the Plain indigenous peoples since the Japanese occupation period to the present in hill areas of southern Taiwan, especially Kaohsiung and Tainan. It is primarily a mixture of Taiwanese, and sometime Taivoan language in Jiasian, Kaohsiung.
| Banana colloquial speech | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Southern Taiwan |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
History
Banana colloquial speech is mainly circulated among Taivoan and Siraya communities in hill areas. Most Han ethnic groups are not familiar with this cant. Some scholars speculated that the cant was invented during the early 20th century during Taiwan's Japanese occupation period by the Plains Indigenous peoples and Han ethnic groups in Tainan and Kaohsiung to resist the Japanese.[1] In July and August 1915, as well as in 1933, a series of anti-Japanese incidents occurred in southern Taiwan, all centered around the Taivoan communities in the Tainan Yujing Basin and Jiaxian, Kaohsiung. The failure of the anti-Japanese resistance resulted in the hiding and moving of many rebels after the destruction of many families and even entire villages by the Japanese government. Consequently, the cant was invented during the resistance.[2]
Variation
Siaolin, Pualiao
The way the Banana colloquial speech is used in Kaohsiung, mixed with Taiwanese or Taivoan language, may differ slightly from other areas, but there is consistency among the Taivoan communities that the speakers can communicate with each other. Here are some examples based on the cant provided by residents of Siaolin and Pualiao, both of which are Taivoan communities:
| Meaning | Banana colloquial speech | Taivoan | Taiwanese |
|---|---|---|---|
| welcome, please be seated | misi unsun unsun | miunun | |
| thank you, goodbye | masa kasa hansan rusu | makahanru | |
| I | guasua | guá | |
| you | lisi | lí | |
| he, she | isi | i | |
| the Shrine | konson kaisai | kong-kài | |
| hand | tshiusiu | tshiú |
Goping
Another dialect of the Banana colloquial speech was provided by Zhu Yuanshun from Goping village, Neimen District, Kaohsiung. The formation of the cant is done by mapping one original syllable of Taiwanese Hokkien to two syllables of the cant. In this dialect, the first consonant fixed as [l] and the second vowel fixed as [i].[3] This conversion method is completely different from that used in the Taivoan area.
| Meaning | Banana colloquial speech | Taiwanese |
|---|---|---|
| I | 賴語（luagi） | guá |
| you | 哩語（ligi） | lí / gí |
| he, she | 哩依（lii） | i |
| hello | 哩語老喜（ligi lohi） | lí hó / gí hó |
| thank you | 捩喜捩喜（liasi liasi） | siā |
| many thanks | 嘮弟冽是（loti liasi） | to-siā |
| welcome | 鑾興龍銀農跟寧瑩（luanhin lingging longking limim） | huan-gîng kong-lîm |
| eat | 冽舌（liahtish） | tsia̍h |
| rice | 蛋編（lngping） | pn̄g |
| sleepy | 倫勤（lunkhin） | khùn |
| father | 老依磊比（laui lepi） | lāu-pē |
| mother | 老依ㄌ米（laui lubi） | lāu-bú |
| older sister | 依ㄚ累弟（ia liatsi） | a-tsí |
| younger brother | 溜係累弟（liosi liti） | sió-tī |
| older brother | 賴弟娘哼（luati liannhinn） | tuā-hiann |
| head | 流提（lauthi） | thâu |
| eye | 六味溜之（lakbi liutsi） | ba̍k-tsiu |
| mouth | 疊刺（luitshi） | tshuì |
| hand | 溜鼠（liutshi） | tshiú |
| leg | 啦欺（lakhi） | kha |
References
- Alak, Akatuang (2007). "當代吉貝耍西拉雅人的祀壺信仰與族群認同 ("Contemporary Kipua-sua Siraya's Ceremonial Jar Beliefs and Ethnic Identity")". 再現西拉雅—2007台南地區平埔族群學術研討會 ("Revisiting the Siraya - 2007 Academic Conference on Plains Indigenous Peoples in Tainan") (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Tainan: Tainan City Government.
- Bukin, Syu (November 2017). 種回小林村的記憶 : 大武壠民族植物暨部落傳承400年人文誌 ("Memories of Returning to Xiaolin Village: A 400-Year Cultural Chronicle of the Taivoan Ethnobotany") (in Chinese (Taiwan)) (1st ed.). Kaohsiung: 高雄市杉林區日光小林社區發展協會 ("Riguang Siaolin Community Development Association, Shanlin District, Kaohsiung City"). ISBN 978-986-95852-0-0.
- Chang, Yi-ying (2009-08-29). 台灣閩南語祕密語：優選理論下的分析 ("Secret languages in Taiwanese: An Optimality Theoretical Analysis") (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Kaohsiung: National Kaohsiung Normal University.