Banksia chamaephyton

Banksia chamaephyton, commonly known as the fishbone banksia,[2] is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has prostrate, underground stems, pinnatipartite leaves, cream-coloured and brown flowers arranged in spikes surrounded by hairy bracts. It grows in kwongan near the lower west coast.

Fishbone banksia
Banksia chamaephyton with rather old flower spike at Alexander Morrison National Park, Western Australia

Priority Four — Rare Taxa (DEC)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Banksia
Species:
B. chamaephyton
Binomial name
Banksia chamaephyton

Description

Banksia chamaephyton is a shrub that typically grows to 0.4 m (1 ft 4 in) high and 2 m (6 ft 7 in) wide and forms a lignotuber. It has prostrate, underground stems 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) in diameter and hairy when young. The leaves are erect, 200–500 mm (7.9–19.7 in) long, 40–160 mm (1.6–6.3 in) wide on a petiole 40–210 mm (1.6–8.3 in) long and has between ten and thirty linear lobes on each side. The flowers are cream-coloured with a brown tip and arranged in a head 60–120 mm (2.4–4.7 in) long surrounded at the base by velvety involucral bracts. The perianth is 23–30 mm (0.91–1.18 in) long and the pistil curved and 25–35 mm (0.98–1.38 in) long. Flowering occurs from late October to early December and there are up to fifteen elliptic follicles in each head, the follicles 25–40 mm (0.98–1.57 in) long, 12–20 mm (0.47–0.79 in) high and 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in) wide.[2][3][4][5]

Taxonomy and naming

Banksia chamaephyton was first formally described in 1981 by Alex George from specimens he collected west of Mogumber in 1971.[5][6] The specific epithet (chamaephyton) is derived from ancient Greek words meaning "low-growing" and "plant", referring to the prostrate habit of this species.[3]

Distribution and habitat

Fishbone banksia grows in kwongan between Eneabba and Mogumber.[3][4]

Conservation status

This banksia is classified as "Priority Four" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife,[2] meaning that is rare or near threatened.[7]

Use in horticulture

Seeds do not require any treatment, and take around 25 days to germinate.[8]

References
  1. "Banksia chamaephyton". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  2. "Banksia chamaephyton". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  3. George, Alex S. (1996). The Banksia Book (3rd ed.). Kenthurst, New South Wales: Kangaroo Press. pp. 160–161. ISBN 0-86417-818-2.
  4. George, Alex S. (1999). Flora of Australia (PDF). Vol. 17B. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. p. 211. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
  5. George, Alex S. (1981). "The Genus Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Nuytsia. 3 (3): 375–376. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  6. "Banksia chamaephyton". APNI. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  7. "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  8. Sweedman, Luke; Merritt, David, eds. (2006). Australian seeds: a guide to their collection, identification and biology. CSIRO Publishing. p. 202. ISBN 0-643-09298-6.
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