Banu Tamim

Banū Tamīm (Arabic: بَنُو تَمِيم) is an Arab tribe that originated in Najd in the Arabian Peninsula.[2] It is mainly present in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq,[3] Jordan, a strong presence in Algeria,[4][5] and Morocco,[3] Palestine, Tunisia,[6] and Libya.[3] It is also present in many other parts of the Arab world such as Egypt and Khuzestan in Iran.[3] The word Tamim in Arabic means strong and solid.[7][8] It can also mean those who strive for perfection.[9]

Banū Tamīm
بَنُو تَمِيم
Mudarite Arab tribe
EthnicityArab
NisbaAt-Tamīmī
ٱلتَّمِيمِيّ
LocationArabia, North Africa, and Levant
Descended fromTamim ibn Murr ibn 'Udd ibn Amr (Tabikhah) ibn Ilyas ibn Mudar[1]
Parent tribeBanu Mudar
Branches
  • Banu Amr
    • Banu Anbar
    • Banu Usayd
    • Banu Asad
    • Banu Malik
    • Banu Harith
    • Banu Qalib
  • Banu Sa'd
    • Banu Kab
    • Banu Amr
    • Banu Harith
    • Banu Malik
    • Banu Awafa
    • Banu Jashm
    • Banu Abd Shams
  • Banu Hanzala
    • Banu Malik
    • Banu Yarbu'
    • Banu Rabi'a
    • Banu Amr
    • Banu Marah
    • Banu Ghalib
    • Banu Kulfa
    • Banu Qays
  • Banu Rabbab
    • Banu Uday
    • Banu Tim
    • Banu Tawr
    • Banu Awf
    • Banu Dabba
LanguageArabic
ReligionIslam

History and origin

The traditional family tree of Banu Tamim is as follows: Tamim bin Murr bin 'Id bin Amr bin Ilyas bin Mudar[1] bin Nizar bin Ma'ad bin Adnan[10] - a direct descendant of Isma'il bin Ibrahim (Ishmael, son of Abraham).[11]

Banu Tamim is one of the largest tribes of Arabia. The tribe occupied numerous Wadis and villages in central and eastern Arabia in the 6th century before playing an important role with the revelation of Islam. They came into contact with Muhammad in the 8th year of Hijrah, but they did not immediately convert to Islam. There are hadiths which praise virtually all of the major Arab tribal groups, and to indicate the extent of this praise, a few examples are listed here:

I have continued to love Banu Tamim after I heard three things concerning them from Allah's Messenger: "They will be the sternest of my Ummah against the Dajjal," one of them was a captive owned by Aisha, and he said: "Free her, for she is a descendant of Ismail," and when their zakat came, he said: "This is the zakat of our people," or "of my people.""

In Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 18, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib says: "Remember that Bani Tamim is such a clan that their star has not set as yet, amongst them if one great man dies there is another to take his place. Remember that after embracing Islam and even during pre-Islamic days these people were never regarded as mean, jealous or covetous. On the contrary, they had a very high status. Besides they have claims of kinship and friendship with us. If we behave kindly, patiently and sympathetically towards them Allah will reward us. But if we ill treat them we shall be sinning."

Lineage and branches

Banu Tamim is an Adnanite tribe, descended from Adnan.

In the genealogical tradition of the tribe, it is argued that there is a direct line that can be drawn from Ibrahim to Tamim:

The tribe is mainly divided into four main branches, namely:

The tribe was mainly concentrated in the central and northern parts of Najd before the spread of Islam, but had spread across the Arabian Peninsula after the Islamic conquest of the region, then had spread to areas ruled by subsequent caliphates.

The tribe extends west to Morocco and east to Khuzestan. After the Islamic conquests, the tribe migrated to modern-day Tunisia,[6] Iraq,[3] Morocco,[3] the Khuzestan and Khorasan regions of Iran, and other parts of the Arab world. Banu Tamim held significant power for centuries in these areas, in the form of the Aghlabids and other minor dynasties.

Dynasties

Notable people

Medieval and Pre-Islamic:

Modern Era:

References

  1. "Genealogy File: Tamim Ibn Murr". Royalblood.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2017-02-25.
  2. Lohlker, Rüdiger (2020-11-20). Saudi Arabia in the Mirror of Saudi Cables. Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. p. 6. ISBN 978-3-8325-5200-8.
  3. "Print Article : Bani Tamim". www.tahoor.com. Retrieved 2022-10-04.
  4. A. A. Duri (2012). The Historical Formation of the Arab Nation (RLE: The Arab Nation). London; New York. ISBN 9781136251788.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. Roger Le Tourneau (1968). "Mohammed Talbi, l'Émirat aghlabide (184/860—296/909). Histoire politique". Revue des Mondes Musulmans et de la Méditerranée. 5 (1): 172–176.
  6. Melton, J. Gordon (2014-01-15). Faiths Across Time: 5,000 Years of Religious History [4 Volumes]: 5,000 Years of Religious History. ABC-CLIO. p. 577. ISBN 978-1-61069-026-3.
  7. "قبيلة بني تميم العريقة- حمزةالتميمي". www.bnitamem.com. Archived from the original on 2018-01-01. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
  8. "معلومات عن قبيلة بـني تـميم". www.traidnt.net. Archived from the original on 2018-06-15. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
  9. M. J. Kister (November 1965). "Mecca and Tamīm (Aspects of Their Relations)". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 8 (2): 113–163. doi:10.2307/3595962. JSTOR 3595962.
  10. William Muir (1858). The life of Mahomet.
  11. The life of Mahomet By William Muir
  12. (Bukhari, Maghazi, 68.
  13. "The Banu Tamim tribe". 28 February 2019.
  14. "Khabbab ibn al-Aratt". Archived from the original on 2006-05-23. Retrieved 2011-08-15.
  15. Milla Wa-milla. Department of Middle Eastern Studies, University of Melbourne. 1961. p.46
  16. "Bid'ah Busters Dawah Salafiyyah Online". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 2022-02-26. Retrieved 2020-10-02.
  17. Madawi al-Rasheed (2010). A History of Saudi Arabia. Cambridge University Press. p. 15. ISBN 9780521761284.
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