Banvir
Banvir, also known as Banbeer (died 1540) was the ruler of Mewar Kingdom between 1536 and 1540. He was nephew of Rana Sanga, born to his brother Prithviraj and his cocunbine.
| Banvir | |
|---|---|
| Rana of Mewar | |
| Mewar | |
| Reign | 1536 -1540 |
| Predecessor | Vikramaditya Singh |
| Successor | Udai Singh II |
| Died | 1540 |
| Dynasty | Sisodias of Mewar |
| Father | Prithviraj Sisodia |
Banvir, succeeded to the throne of Mewar in the age of political unstability in the kingdom which started in aftermath of Sanga's death in 1528. In 1536 CE, aided by chiefs of Mewar, he assassinated Vikramaditya and became the next ruler of the dynasty. Despite his administrative reforms, he failed to get support of Mewar nobles due to his illegitimate birth. He was defeated and killed in Battle of Maravli in 1540 CE against Udai Singh II who succeeded him as the next ruler.
Birth
Banvir was born to the Sisodia prince Prithviraj and his non Rajput concubine in early 16th century. He was nephew of Rana Sanga (r.1509-1528), former Sisodia king and thus, laid his own claim to the throne after murder of Sanga and succession of weak rulers.[1]
Reign
After a succession of string of weak rulers on throne of Mewar after the death of Rana Sanga and following Sack of Chittor by Bahadur Shah in 1535 CE, the status of Mewar as leading state of Rajasthan took another setback.
Vikramaditya, who was ruling Mewar at the time, was unpopular among his subjects for his incompetency as a ruler and eventually his own chiefs provoked Banvir to displace him and assume the reign of Mewar. Vikramaditya was soon assassinated by Banvir aided by his rebellious chiefs in 1536 CE and he succeeded as next ruler of Mewar.
During his rule, Banvir introduced a number of administrative changes which included respite in taxes on public. He also issued land grants to the leading Brahmins of the state along with cancellation of custom taxes on the Charans and Brahmins. In 1537 CE, he order construction of a step-well in memories of his uncle, Rana Sanga.[2]
Relations with Udai Singh
After assassinating Vikramaditya, Banvir further planned to kill Prince Udai Singh (last surviving son of Sanga), to secure his position on the throne. However, Udai Singh was saved from the assault by nursemaid of the Sisodias, Panna Dai, who instead sacrificed her own son and escorted the prince to safety in Kumbhalgarh. [3][4]
In few years, Banvir learned that Udai Singh survived the attack and garnered support from a faction of Mewar nobles as new Rana, he made an unsuccessful move to crush his rebellion. Udai Singh meanwhile, supported by the loyals of Mewar defeated Banvir in a fierce battle fought near Mauvli, where he died on the battleground. Thus, Udai Singh II succeeded to the throne of Mewar in 1572 amidst the instability in the kingdom. [5][6]
References
- Rima Hooja 2006, p. 460 "Banbeer was a son of Sanga’s dead brother, the valiant Prithviraj by one of his non-Rajput concubines, and like other offspring of such unions, held a certain status and recognition. (Actually,‘concubine’ falls short of a suitable definition of terms like ‘pardayat’, ‘paswan’, etc. used for non-Rajput ‘wives’ of Rajput chiefs and rulers). According to some versions, it was Rana Vikramaditya who called Banbeer to his court, and subsequently placed the fullest of confidence in him. Banbeer, in his turn, waited for a suitable opportunity, and in 1536 murdered the Rana and staked his title to the throne of Mewar"
- Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, p. 189-190.
- Dasharatha Sharma 1990, p. 69.
- Gopinath Sharma 1954, p. 59-60.
- Rima Hooja 2006, p. 462.
- Ram Vallabh Somani 1976, p. 192.
Further reading
- Ram Vallabh Somani (1976). History of Mewar, from Earliest Times to 1751 A.D. Mateshwari. OCLC 2929852.
- Rima Hooja (2006). A HISTORY OF RAJASTHAN (PB). Rupa & Company. ISBN 978-81-291-1501-0.
- Dasharatha Sharma (1990). Rajasthan Through the Ages: From 1300 to 1761 A.D. Rajasthan State Archives.
- Gopinath Sharma (1954). Mewar & the Mughal Emperors (1526-1707 A.D.). S.L. Agarwala.