Baron Churchill (1815 creation)
Baron Churchill, of Wychwood in the County of Oxford, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom and held by a branch of the Spencer family. It was created in 1815 for Lord Francis Spencer,[1][2][3] younger son of the 4th Duke of Marlborough (see Duke of Marlborough for earlier history of the family). He had previously represented Oxfordshire in Parliament.
| Baron Churchill | |
|---|---|
 Arms: Quarterly: 1st & 4th, quarterly Argent and Gules, the second and third quarters charged with a Fret Or, over all a Bend Sable, charged with three Escallops Argent (Spencer); 2nd & 3rd, Sable, a Lion rampant Argent, on a Canton (of honourable augmentation) Argent, a Cross Gules (Churchill). Crest: Out of a Ducal Coronet Or, a Griffin’s Head between two Wings expanded Argent, gorged with a Bar gemel Gules. Supporters: Dexter: A Griffin wings elevated per fess Argent and Or. Sinister: A Wyvern wings elevated Gules, both gorged with a Collar Or, charged with three Escallops Sable, attached thereto a line reflexed over the back, terminating in an Annulet Or. | |
| Creation date | 11 August 1815 |
| Creation | First |
| Created by | The Prince Regent (acting on behalf of his father King George III) |
| Peerage | Peerage of the United Kingdom |
| First holder | Lord Francis Spencer |
| Present holder | Michael Spencer, 7th Baron Churchill |
| Heir presumptive | Hon. David Spencer |
| Status | Extant |
| Motto | DIEU DEFEND LE DROIT (English: God defend my right) |
| The Barony of Churchill was held by the Viscounts Churchill from 1902 to 2017 | |
| Viscount Churchill | |
|---|---|
| Creation date | 14 July 1902 |
| Created by | Edward VII |
| Peerage | Peerage of the United Kingdom |
| First holder | Victor Spencer, 3rd Baron Churchill |
| Last holder | Victor Spencer, 3rd Viscount Churchill |
| Status | Extinct |
| Extinction date | 18 October 2017 |
From 1902 to 2017, the barony was subsidiary title of the viscountcy of Churchill. The title of Viscount Churchill, of Rolleston in the County of Leicester, was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom on 15 July 1902 for the first baron's grandson Conservative politician Victor Spencer, 3rd Baron Churchill.[4] The viscountcy became extinct in 2017 on the death of the first Viscount's youngest son, the third Viscount, who had succeeded his half-brother, the second Viscount, in 1973.
The barony was inherited by the last Viscount's second cousin once removed,[5] the great-grandson of General Sir Augustus Almeric Spencer, the third son of the 1st Baron Churchill.
Baron Churchill (1815)
- Francis Almeric Spencer, 1st Baron Churchill (1779–1845)
- Francis George Spencer, 2nd Baron Churchill (1802–1886)
- Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer, 3rd Baron Churchill (1864–1934, created Viscount Churchill in 1902)
Viscount Churchill (1902)
- Victor Albert Francis Charles Spencer, 1st Viscount Churchill (1864–1934)
- Victor Alexander Spencer, 2nd Viscount Churchill (1890–1973)
- Victor George Spencer, 3rd Viscount Churchill (1934–2017[6])
Baron Churchill (1815; reverted)
- Richard Harry Ramsay Spencer, 6th Baron Churchill (1926–2020)[5]
- Michael Richard de Charrière Spencer, 7th Baron Churchill (born 1960)
The heir presumptive is the present holder's brother, the Hon. David Anthony de Charrière Spencer (born 1970).
Male-line family tree
| Male-line family tree, Barons Churchill and Viscounts Churchill. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References
- History of Parliament Online "Lord Francis Almeric (1779-1845), of Wychwood and Cornbury Park, Oxon". Retrieved on 8 January 2019.
- Cracrofts peerage "Churchill, Baron (UK, 1815)". Retrieved on 8 January 2019.
- "The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26121. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- "No. 27455". The London Gazette. 18 July 1902. p. 4586.
- "The 3rd (and last) Viscount Churchill, OBE 1934-2017". Peerage News. UK. 25 October 2017. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
The viscountcy of Churchill (created in 1902) now becomes extinct. The 3rd Viscount is succeeded in the barony of Churchill (created in 1815) by his second cousin once removed, Richard Harry Ramsay Spencer, born 11 Oct, 1926, who becomes the 6th Baron Churchill.
- "Death Announcements: CHURCHILL". The Telegraph. 24 October 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
Books
- Kidd, Charles (1903). Debrett's peerage, baronetage, knightage, and companionage. London: Dean & Son. p. 228. Archived from the original on 20 June 2016.
John Debrett
Alt URL - Hesilrige, Arthur G. M. (1921). Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy. London: Dean & Son. p. 204.
- Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
