Barrow-in-Furness power station
Barrow-in-Furness power station supplied electricity to the town of Barrow-in-Furness and the wider area of Lancashire, England from 1899 to about 1960. It was owned and operated by Barrow-in-Furness Corporation until the nationalisation of the UK electricity supply industry in 1948. The power station was redeveloped throughout its operational life. Barrow-in-Furness Corporation also operated Coniston hydro-electric power station.
| Barrow-in-Furness power station | |
|---|---|
| Country | England, United Kingdom |
| Location | Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire |
| Coordinates | 54°06′59″N 03°13′19″W |
| Status | Decommissioned and demolished |
| Construction began | 1896 |
| Commission date | 1899 |
| Decommission date | 1960 |
| Owner(s) | Barrow-in-Furness Corporation (1899–1948) British Electricity Authority (1948–1955) Central Electricity Authority (1955–1957) Central Electricity Generating Board (1958–1963) |
| Operator(s) | As owner |
| Thermal power station | |
| Primary fuel | Coal |
| Secondary fuel | Water (Coniston hydro-electric) |
| Turbine technology | Steam driven reciprocating engines and steam turbines |
| Cooling towers | 4 |
| Power generation | |
| Units operational | (See text) |
| Nameplate capacity | 23 MW (1958) |
| Annual net output | 63.9 GWh (1954) |
History
In 1894 Barrow-in-Furness Corporation applied for a Provisional Order under the Electric Lighting Acts to generate and supply electricity to the town. This was granted by the Board of Trade and was confirmed by Parliament through the Electric Lighting Orders Confirmation (No. 1) Act 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. c. xlix).[1] The power station was built in Buccleugh Street (54°06'59"N 3°13'19"W) adjacent to the railway line, it first supplied electricity to the town in 1899.[1]
Coniston power station was developed as a small hydro-electric plant in 1932 with a single water turbine, a second turbine was added in 1937. The installation initially supplied power for Barrow County Council and latterly for the village of Coniston.[2]
The 120 MW Roosecote power station east of the town centre was first commissioned in September 1953. This was more efficient than the old Barrow power station which was gradually run-down and decommissioned in about 1960.[3]
Equipment specification
In 1923 the steam generating plant at Barrow comprised:[4]
- Coal-fired boilers generating up to 112,000 lb/h (14.11 kg/s) of steam, these supplied steam to:
- Generators
- 3 × 75 kW reciprocating engines driving direct current (DC) generators
- 2 × 150 kW reciprocating engines driving DC generators
- 2 × 250 kW reciprocating engines driving DC generators
- 1 × 1,000 kW steam turbo-alternator
- 1 × 2,000 kW steam turbo-alternator
- 1 × 3,000 kW steam turbo-alternator
These machines had a total generating capacity of 8,000 kW of alternating current and 1,025 kW direct current.[4]
A variety of electricity supplies were available to consumers:
- 3-phase, 50 Hz AC at 6,300 Volts, 380 V and 220 V.
- Direct current at 500, 440 and 220 Volts.
Coal could be delivered to the station from a siding off the railway just south of Barrow-in-Furness railway station.[5]
New plant, 1950s
New plant was commissioned over the operational life of the station. In the late 1950s the plant at the station comprised:[6]
- Boilers:
- 3 × Stirling boilers with chain grate stokers, all with a final steam pressure of 200 psi (13.8 bar), and with capacities of :
- 30,000 lb/h (3.78 kg/s) at 650 °F (343 °C);
- 55,000 lb/h (6.93 kg/s) at 700 °F (371 °C);
- 90,000 lb/h (11.3 kg/s) at 700 °F (371 °C)
- 3 × Stirling boilers with chain grate stokers, all with a final steam pressure of 200 psi (13.8 bar), and with capacities of :
The boilers had a total evaporative capacity of 175,000 lb/h (22.0 kg/s), and supplied steam to:
- Turbo-alternators:
- 1 × Metropolitan Vickers 10 MW turbo-alternator, with Vickers condensing plant
- 1 × Metropolitan Vickers 7 MW turbo-alternator, with Vickers condensing plant
- 1 × Howden-Siemens 1 MW turbo-alternator, with Willans and Robinson condensing plant
- 1 × Howden-Siemens 3 MW turbo-alternator, with Worthington Simpsons condensing plant
- 1 × British Thomson-Houston 2 MW turbo-alternator, with Cole, Merchant and Morley's surface condensing plant
The total installed generating capacity was 23 MW, with an output capacity of 14 MW.[6]
Condenser cooling water was cooled in three wooden cooling towers with a combined capacity of 0.45 million gallons per hour (0.57 m3/s) plus one concrete cooling tower with a capacity of 1.0 million gallons per hour (1.26 m3/s).[6]
The corporation also operated Coniston water turbine generating station at Coniston. This comprised 2 × 150 kW Gilkes-Metropolitan-Vickers water turbo-alternator sets. These generated current at 450 Volts.[6]
Operations
Operating data 1921–23
The operating data for the period 1921–23 is shown in the table:[4]
| Electricity Use | Units | Year | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | ||
| Lighting and domestic use | MWh | 1,877 | 2,003 | 1,632 |
| Public lighting use | MWh | 57.1 | 57.3 | 75.7 |
| Traction | MWh | 794 | 733 | 599 |
| Power use | MWh | 6,553 | 4,092 | 5,127 |
| Total use | MWh | 9,282 | 6,886 | 7,434 |
| Load and connected load | ||||
| Maximum load | kW | 4,525 | 4,400 | 3,970 |
| Total connections | kW | 15,003 | 15,834 | 15,825 |
| Load factor | Per cent | 30.9 | 24.3 | 27.3 |
| Financial | ||||
| Revenue from sales of current | £ | – | 73,447 | 70,613 |
| Surplus of revenue over expenses | £ | – | 26,112 | 34,496 |
Under the terms of the Electricity (Supply) Act 1926 (16 & 17 Geo. 5 c. 51)[7] the Central Electricity Board (CEB) was established in 1926.[8] The CEB identified high efficiency ‘selected’ power stations that would supply electricity most effectively; Barrow was designated a selected station. The CEB also constructed the national grid (1927–33) to connect power stations within a region.[8]
Operating data 1946
Barrow-in-Furness and Coniston power stations operating data for 1946 is given below.[9]
| Station | Load factor per cent | Max output load MW | Electricity supplied GWh | Thermal efficiency per cent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barrow | 18.9 | 21.19 | 35.053 | 14.78 |
| Coniston | 38.7 | 0.321 | 1.072 | –– |
The British electricity supply industry was nationalised in 1948 under the provisions of the Electricity Act 1947 (10 & 11 Geo. 6 c. 54).[10] The Barrow-in-Furness electricity undertaking was abolished, ownership of Barrow-in-Furness and Coniston power stations were vested in the British Electricity Authority, and subsequently the Central Electricity Authority and the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB).[8] At the same time the electricity distribution and sales responsibilities of the Barrow-in-Furness electricity undertaking were transferred to the North Western Electricity Board (NORWEB). At the time of nationalisation the undertaking supplied 23,825 customers over an area of 208 square miles (539 square kilometres).[11]
Operating data 1954–63
Operating data for Barrow power station over the period 1954–59 is shown in the table:[6][9]
| Year | Running hours | Max output capacity MW | Electricity supplied GWh | Thermal efficiency per cent |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | 6482 | 20 | 63.9 | 15.90 |
| 1955 | 4123 | 20 | 42.9 | 15.09 |
| 1956 | 3487 | 20 | 30.2 | 14.86 |
| 1957 | 3225 | 14 | 19.7 | 14.86 |
| 1958 | 3446 | 14 | 24.4 | 15.61 |
| 1959 | 3642 | 14 | 23.0 | 14.80 |
Operating data for Coniston power station was as follows:[6][12]
| Year | Running hours or load factor (per cent) | Max output capacity kW | Electricity supplied MWh |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1954 | 6190 | 300 | 750 |
| 1955 | 8730 | 300 | 1136 |
| 1956 | 8761 | 300 | 872 |
| 1957 | 8183 | 300 | 1039 |
| 1958 | 8315 | 300 | 987 |
| 1961 | (39.5 %) | 300 | 1037 |
| 1962 | (36.4 %) | 300 | 957 |
| 1963 | (20.55 %) | 300 | 540 |
Closure
Barrow power station was decommissioned in about 1960.[3] The buildings were subsequently demolished and the area has been redeveloped as housing.
Coniston power station was decommissioned in the 1960s.
References
- Garcke, Emile (1898). Manual of Electrical Undertakings 1898-99 vol. 3. London: P. S. King and Son London. p. 98.
- "Coniston hydro generation". waymarking. Archived from the original on 28 October 2012. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- Barrow power station operating data is given in Garcke (1959) but it does not appear in CEGB Annual report and Accounts, 1961, 1962 & 1963
- Electricity Commissioners (1925). Electricity Commissioners, Electricity Supply – 1920–23. London: HMSO. pp. 6–9 and 254–59.
- Ordnance Survey 25-inch map Lancashire XXI.12 (Barrow In Furness) revised: 1911, published: 1913
- Garrett, Frederick (1959). Garcke's Manual of Electricity Supply vol. 56. London: Electrical Press. pp. A-30, A-46, A-112, A-141.
- "Electricity (Supply) Act 1926". legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- Electricity Council (1987). Electricity supply in the United Kingdom: a Chronology. London: Electricity Council. pp. 45, 60, 69, 73. ISBN 085188105X.
- Electricity Commission (1947). Generation of Electricity in Great Britain 1946. London: HMSO.
- "Electricity Act 1947". legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 12 June 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- "Industrial history of Cumbria - electricity". Cumbria-industries. Archived from the original on 3 November 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
- CEGB Annual report and Accounts, 1961, 1962 & 1963