Battle of Jeddah (1925)

The Battle of Jeddah or the siege of Jeddah took place in 1925, as part of the Ibn Saud's campaign to conquer the Kingdom of Hejaz. Jeddah was the last major stand of the Hashemites against the Saudis.

Battle of Jeddah
Part of Saudi conquest of Hejaz
Date10 February – 17 December 1925
Location
Jeddah, Kingdom of Hejaz
Result Najdi Victory
Belligerents
Sultanate of Najd Kingdom of Hejaz
Commanders and leaders
Abdulaziz bin Saud
Sultan bin Bajad		 Hussein bin Ali
Ali bin Hussein
Strength
50,000 men 5,000 men
8 combat aircraft[1]
40 artillery
30 machine guns
Some combat tanks[2]
Casualties and losses
Unknown Unknown killed
5 combat tanks
1 combat aircraft

Overview

Following the fall of Mecca to King Abdulaziz Ibn Saud in early December 1924, King Ali bin Hussein moved back to Jeddah, trying to defend it against the Nejd Army. Ali's remaining army started to build fortifications around the city and place mines. Ali requested help and supply from his brothers' states, King Abdullah of Transjordan and King Faisal of Iraq. They both supplied Ali with arms and men. Also, Ali's two old airplanes were not enough for the incoming battle so he bought five aircraft from Italy and several tanks from Germany.

Regardless, Ali could not stand for long. The nearby clans were Ibn Saud's allies. The supplies from Aqaba traveled slowly to Jeddah, besides he had only two pilots, one of whom died during the battle. Eventually, the chiefs of Jeddah decided to surrender the city to Ibn Saud, while King Ali escaped to Baghdad over the Red Sea. The siege ended on 23 December 1925[3] (1343 A.H.).

Consequently, Ibn Saud was declared the new King of Hejaz. The following year, Ibn Saud merged the Hejaz with the Nejd as one state.

See also

Notes and references
  1. Al-Rehani: Nejd and its followers.
  2. From Bullard to Mr ChamberLain. Jeddah, February 1925 (No.# secrets). Archived Post.
  3. "Chronology 1925". www.indiana.edu. Archived from the original on 2020-04-02. Retrieved 2019-06-03.

Bibliography
  • Al-Harbi, Dalal: King Abdulaziz and his Strategies to deal with events: Events of Jeddah. 2003, King Abdulaziz national library. ISBN 9960-624-88-9.

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