Battle of Kikrüma

Battle of Kikrüma
Date	1851 Battle of Kikrüma (Nagaland)
Location	Kikrüma (now in Phek District, Nagaland)
Result	British East India Company victory; British initiate a policy of non-interference in the hills.;
Belligerents
British East India Company	Chakhesang Naga

The Battle of Kikrüma was a battle fought on 11 and 12 February 1851 in Northeast India between the warriors of Kikrüma village (of present-day Nagaland) and the forces of the British East India Company. The battle, in which Naga warriors of the Chakhesang Nagas armed with only spears and bows and arrows fought against British soldiers armed with rifles, was one of the bloodiest battles fought in the hills of Northeast India. While the battle is not very well-known in other parts of India or the world, the battle is remembered through oral stories of the local people and has been written about by a British officer Major John Butler.[1]

Background and the battle

After the First Anglo-Burmese War, and the Treaty of Yandabo, the British took control of Assam and Manipur.[2] The battle occurred thereafter when the British started expanding into the Naga hills in order to create a road to Assam, drawn by the prospect of profitable tea plantations and trade.[1]

The Nagas, who viewed the British as trespassers on their soil and a threat to their people started raiding the British from time to time. Even after launching nearly ten expeditions to subdue the Nagas, the British faced defeat and humiliation repeatedly.[3]

Finally, the British regrouped and launched a last and final offensive to subjugate the Nagas, resulting in the Battle of Kikrüma. Both sides suffered heavy casualties in the battle, but the Nagas once again proved to be too powerful to be subdued and subjugated.[3]

Aftermath

Though the Kikrüma lost the battle, it resulted in the British initiating a policy of non-interference in the hills. The Nagas persisted with their raids into British-held plains areas.[2][4]

Memorial

In May 2022, a monolith memorial was erected in the village of Kikrüma to commemorate the battle and to serve as a reminder to the current generation of the values that its forefathers cultivated and practised: bravery, courage, valour, and unity among its people.[5]

References

Namrata Goswami (2020). The Naga Ethnic Movement for a Separate Homeland: Stories from the Field. Oxford University Press. p. 284. ISBN 9780190990220.
Kalita, Jayanta (12 August 2022). "How India's North East rebelled against the British". Times of India.
Johnston Richard (2018). As Honest as the Day is long. Notion Press. p. 222. ISBN 9781643243542.
G. B. Reddy (2001). Nation in crisis. Authors Press. p. 284.
"Monolith in memory of 1851 battle erected at Kikrüma". Nagaland Post. 11 May 2022.

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[Namrata_Goswami-1] Namrata Goswami (2020). The Naga Ethnic Movement for a Separate Homeland: Stories from the Field. Oxford University Press. p. 284. ISBN 9780190990220.

[TOI-2] Kalita, Jayanta (12 August 2022). "How India's North East rebelled against the British". Times of India.

[Richard-3] Johnston Richard (2018). As Honest as the Day is long. Notion Press. p. 222. ISBN 9781643243542.

[Reddy-4] G. B. Reddy (2001). Nation in crisis. Authors Press. p. 284.

[Nagaland_Post-5] "Monolith in memory of 1851 battle erected at Kikrüma". Nagaland Post. 11 May 2022.