Baturu
Baturu (Manchu: 
baturu; Chinese: 巴圖魯) was an official title of the Qing dynasty, awarded to commanders and soldiers who fought bravely on the battlefield. In Manchu, baturu means "warrior" or "brave." It is originally from the Mongolian word baγatur, which has the same meaning.[1]
At the beginning of the Qing dynasty, only Manchu and Mongol soldiers were permitted to receive the title. In the Jiaqing period, over 100 years after the dynasty was founded, the emperor started awarding the title to Han Chinese soldiers as well. Beginning in the Xianfeng period, civilians and foreigners were permitted to receive the title as well.
Recipients
- Bao Chao
- Cheng Xueqi
- William Mesny
- Oboi
- Song Qing
- Frederick Townsend Ward
- Xiang Rong
- Zeng Guofan
- Zhang Guoliang
- Dong Fuxiang- "Arhanga-Baturu"(阿爾杭阿巴圖魯)
References
- Yule, Henry; Burnell, A. C. (2013), Hobson-Jobson: The Definitive Glossary of British India, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780191645839
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