Bletilla striata

Bletilla striata, known as hyacinth orchid[2] or Chinese ground orchid,[3] is a species of flowering plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae, native to Japan, Korea, Myanmar (Burma), and China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang).[1][4] It is most commonly found growing in clumps alongside grassy slopes with sandy soil. [5]

For other orchids called "hyacinth orchid", see Dipodium.

Bletilla striata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Arethuseae
Genus: Bletilla
Species:
B. striata
Binomial name
Bletilla striata
(Thunb.) Rchb.f. (1878)
Synonyms[1]
Synonyms list
  • Bletia gebina Lindl. (1847)
  • Bletia hyacinthina (Sm.) Aiton (1813)
  • Bletia hyacinthina var. gebina (Lindl.) Blume (1858)
  • Bletia striata (Thunb.) Druce (1917)
  • Bletilla elegantula (Kraenzl.) Garay & G.A. Romero (1998)
  • Bletilla gebina (Lindl.) Rchb.f. (1853)
  • Bletilla striata f. gebina (Lindl.) Ohwi (1953)
  • Bletilla striata var. albomarginata Makino (1929)
  • Bletilla striata var. gebina (Lindl.) Rchb.f. (1852)
  • Calanthe gebina (Lindl.) Lindl. (1855)
  • Coelogyne elegantula Kraenzl. (1921)
  • Cymbidium hyacinthinum Sm. (1805)
  • Cymbidium striatum (Thunb.) Sw. (1799)
  • Epidendrum striatum (Thunb.) Thunb. (1794)
  • Gyas humilis Salisb. (1812)
  • Jimensia nervosa Raf. (1838)
  • Jimensia striata (Thunb.) Garay & R.E. Schult. (1958)
  • Limodorum hyacinthinum (Sm.) Donn (1807)
  • Limodorum striatum Thunb. (1784) (Basionym)
  • Polytoma inodora Lour. ex Gomes Mach. (1868)
  • Sobralia bletioides Brongn. ex Decne. (1847)

The Latin specific epithet striata means "striped", in reference to the ribbed leaves.[6]

Description

Bletilla striata is a terrestrial orchid with pleated, spear-shaped leaves. It breaks dormancy in early spring, with each tuber of the previous year potentially sending out multiple shoots. These growths mature over the course of a couple months and eventually bear 3-7 magenta-pink flowers.[7]

Cultivation

In cultivation in the UK it is hardy in sheltered locations down to −10 °C (14 °F). It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2]

In the U.S. it may be grown in USDA hardiness zones 5–9, although a winter mulching for plants grown in zone 5 is recommended.[7]

Like most terrestrial orchids, it drops its leaves as it enters winter dormancy; however, it tolerates moisture during this period much better than most others. Nevertheless, it is encouraged to grow Bletilla striata in a well-draining, humus-rich mix.[8]

Uses

Bletilla striata is used in Asian traditional medicine for treating problems with the lining of the alimentary canal, e.g. ulcers.[9]

It is also used as a natural glue for making silk strings for traditional Chinese instruments like the guqin.[10]

References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. "RHS Plantfinder - Bletilla striata". Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  3. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. Flora of China v 25 p 210, 白及 bai ji, Bletilla striata
  5. Ōi, Jisaburō. Flora of Japan (English translation). The Smithsonian Institution, 1965
  6. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 978-1845337315.
  7. "MO Botanical Garden - Bletilla striata". Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  8. "Phytesia - Bletilla". Retrieved 18 December 2018.
  9. Chunming Wang; Jiantao Sun; Yi Luo; Weihua Xue; Huajia Diao; Lei Dong; Jiangning Chen; Junfeng Zhang (2006). "A Polysaccharide Isolated from the Medicinal Herb Bletilla striata Induces Endothelial Cells Proliferation and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in vitro". Biotechnology Letters. 28 (8): 539–543. doi:10.1007/s10529-006-0011-x. PMID 16614890. S2CID 21034616.
  10. Yu-Ku-Chai translation - Volume 3, Chapter 9: The Method for Making Strings http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~jrb/chin/v39/v39.htm
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bletilla striata.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.