Boorowa
Boorowa (/buːroʊwə/) is a farming village in the Hilltops Region in the south west slopes of New South Wales, Australia.[2] It is located in a valley 340 kilometres (210 mi) southwest of Sydney around 490 metres (1,610 ft) above sea-level. The town is in Hilltops Council local government area.
| Boorowa New South Wales | |
|---|---|
 Boorowa Court House | |
  Boorowa | |
| Coordinates | 34°26′S 148°43′E |
| Population | 1,888 (SAL 2021)[1] |
| Established | 1843 |
| Postcode(s) | 2586 |
| Elevation | 490 m (1,608 ft) |
| Location |
|
| LGA(s) | Hilltops Council |
| State electorate(s) | Goulburn |
| Federal division(s) | Hume |
History
Before the arrival of Europeans, the area was part of the lands occupied by the Wiradjuri Nation with the Gandangara Aboriginal Australians. It is believed that the name 'Burrowa', the original spelling, derives from the local Aboriginal language and refers to a native bird, the plains turkey Australian bustard.
The first European to travel through what is now Boorowa Shire was surveyor George Evans in 1815. Unofficial occupation of the district began in 1821 with Irishmen Rodger Corcoran and Ned Ryan, both former convicts who had received their 'ticket of leave' from the Governor. The first land grant in the general area was issued to Thomas Icely in 1829. A mill was operating on the future town site of Boorowa by 1837, along with an inn and several houses.
Governor Gipps proposed the creation of a village named 'Burrowa' in 1842, to be located 9 km north-east of the present site at Kings Plains which had been surveyed in 1828. However, that spot proved unsuitable and the village was established on its present site in 1843. The early years in the district saw lawlessness and mayhem as a result of long running boundary disputes, theft of livestock and arson, even murders; the cause being remoteness and lack of law and order. Bushrangers roamed the surrounding unsettled wild mountainous land, making raids into the town and stations of the district.[3]
Squatters took up large tracts of land in the Boorowa area but the introduction of the Robertson Land Acts in 1861 resulted in a new land grab where large numbers of settlers, particularly 'ticket of leave' men, applied for a 'selection' of land with low cost land parcels available.
The district was given over to farming, although it received a push along when gold was found at Carcoar, Browns Creek and Kings Plains. Gold mines were established although copper and iron were also extracted. Samuel Marsden's copper mine operated until 1900.
The town's rugby league team competed for the Maher Cup during the 20th century.
At the 2011 census, Boorowa had a population of 1,211 people[4] which had grown to 1,641 in the 2016 census[5] and 1,888 in the 2021 census.[6]
Railway
Boorowa residents and the local member of parliament lobbied the Government to direct the new southern main line progressing towards Goulburn to pass through the town. However the towns of Yass and Murrumburrah won the debate. The next best option was a branch line to the town and this lobbying lasted 40 years before the line was eventually constructed, opening for traffic on 10 October 1914.
The arrival of the railway in 1874 spurred development. Burrowa's name was then changed to "Boorowa". Boorowa replaced Carcoar as the major service centre to local farmlands. It became a municipality in 1888. By the turn of the century a butter factory and freezing works were major employers in the town. Passenger trains ceased in 1980 and the Boorowa railway line from Galong to Boorowa closed in 1987.[7]
The post office was ordered to discontinue use of the name "Burrowa" in 1914,[8] but the two spellings were used interchangeably throughout the area for many years[9] and the town's newspaper stubbornly retained the old spelling on its masthead until January 1951.
Infrastructure
The main infrastructure achievements over the 180 years that connected Boorowa to the rest of the Colony included the first Post Office and mail service in 1835, the electric telegraph in 1866, voice telephone in 1906, electric street lighting in the 1920s by the towns own generator, later the town and consumers were connected to the Burrinjuck Hydro electricity system in 1938.[7]
Environment
The town is located on the Boorowa River, a tributary of the Lachlan River. The Murrumbidgee River drains the southern portion of the Boorowa district. The soil in the area is rich volcanic soil washed down over millennia from an extinct volcano known as Mount Canemumbola.[7]
Climate
Boorowa experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen: Cfb, Trewartha: Cfbk), with warm summers and cool winters.[10]
| Climate data for Boorowa Post Office, New South Wales, Australia (1947-1969 temperatures, precipitation 1882-present); 488 m AMSL | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 29.5 (85.1) |
28.9 (84.0) |
26.6 (79.9) |
21.1 (70.0) |
15.9 (60.6) |
12.7 (54.9) |
11.9 (53.4) |
13.3 (55.9) |
17.4 (63.3) |
20.1 (68.2) |
23.0 (73.4) |
27.4 (81.3) |
20.7 (69.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.1 (70.0) |
21.0 (69.8) |
18.5 (65.3) |
13.4 (56.1) |
9.4 (48.9) |
7.2 (45.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
7.2 (45.0) |
10.2 (50.4) |
13.1 (55.6) |
15.2 (59.4) |
19.1 (66.4) |
13.5 (56.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 12.7 (54.9) |
13.0 (55.4) |
10.3 (50.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
2.9 (37.2) |
1.6 (34.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
1.0 (33.8) |
3.0 (37.4) |
6.1 (43.0) |
7.4 (45.3) |
10.8 (51.4) |
6.2 (43.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 50.7 (2.00) |
42.8 (1.69) |
47.7 (1.88) |
46.7 (1.84) |
46.7 (1.84) |
55.4 (2.18) |
52.7 (2.07) |
55.1 (2.17) |
50.6 (1.99) |
56.9 (2.24) |
50.5 (1.99) |
53.0 (2.09) |
608.8 (23.98) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 5.0 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 61.6 |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (1947-1969 temperatures, precipitation 1882-present)[11] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
- Frederick Ashton (1866−1941) – circus proprietor
- Eric Bryce AM (1932−2007) – music teacher and composer[12]
- Dorothy Cumming (1894-1983), silent film actress
- Marguerite Ludovia Dale (1883−1963) – feminist and playwright[13]
- Thomas Jenkins (born 2001) – rugby league player
- Francis McGrath (1866-1947) jockey and racehorse-trainer[14]
- James Morrison AM (born 1962) — jazz musician
- John Quinn (1862−1937) – sheepdog expert and veterinary surgeon[15]
- Karen Webb APM – Commissioner of the New South Wales Police Force[16]
- John Willcock (1879−1956) – engine driver and 15th Premier of Western Australia
Events
- Boorowa's agricultural show is held in March.
- October long weekend - The "Running of the Sheep" down the main street of Boorowa during the Irish Woolfest.
Gallery
Anzac War Memorial, Marsden Street Boorowa, constructed in 1933
Boorowa Court House, constructed in 1884
Boorowa Hotel, constructed in 1880
Boorowa main street
Boorowa Museum
Boorowa Post Office, constructed in 1876
Roman Catholic Church, constructed in 1877
Burrowa News & Printing Works, Pudman Street
Footnotes
- Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Boorowa (Suburb and Locality)". Australian Census 2021 QuickStats. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
- Boorowa Council's Community/Social Plan 2005 - 2010 (PDF), 14 June 2006, p. 20, archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2009
- Lloyd, Helen, '160years', Boorowa-over 160 years of white settlement, written by Helen V Lloyd, Toveloam Pty Ltd Press, 1990.
- Australian Bureau of Statistics (31 October 2012). "Boorowa (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2011 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
- Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Boorowa (State Suburb)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 23 May 2022.
- "2021 Boorowa, Census All persons QuickStats". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
- "Boorowa-Argyle Country". Website. Archived from the original on 4 December 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2012.
- "Burrowa or Boorowa?". The Burrowa News. New South Wales, Australia. 25 September 1914. p. 2. Retrieved 15 August 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
- "Burrowa". Daily Witness. New South Wales, Australia. 5 February 1924. p. 2. Retrieved 15 August 2020 – via National Library of Australia.
- "Boorowa climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Boorowa weather averages - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
- "Goulburn Airport AWS, NSW Climate (1947-1969 temperatures, precipitation 1882-present)". Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 7 May 2022.
- "Eric Bryce (1932-2007): Represented Artist". Australian Music Centre. 2007. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
- Tate, Audrey (1993). "Dale, Marguerite Ludovia (1883–1963)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
- Waterhouse, Richard (2000). "McGrath, Francis (1866–1947)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
- Walsh, G. P. (1998). "Quinn, John (1864–1937)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISSN 1833-7538.
- "Top cop elects for small town ceremony". Manning River Times. 1 February 2022. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
External links
Media related to Boorowa, New South Wales at Wikimedia Commons