Brazilian football Covid-19 protocols

The return of football in Brazil in the COVID-19 era generated a great deal of controversy domestically.[1] In May 2020 the Football Federation of the State of Rio de Janeiro published the “Safe Return Protocol”, which was the first such guide to be released.[2] This guide included individual, collective and managerial measures for the return of training and games with strict biosafety protocols for the conclusion of the Carioca Championship. This publication coincided with what is now known as the first wave of COVID-19 in Brazil and the proposed return was considered premature and strongly contested by the clubs and federations of other states.[3] Additionally, in May 2020, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) announced a protocol for the safe return of football that includes biosafety measures for training, travel and matches.[4] Since this time other international associations, leagues and competitions around the world have also made their protocols for safe return of football available. The Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF) made available its return booklet, called the “Medical guide of protective suggestions for the return to the activities of Brazilian football”, on 15 June 2020.[5] Team sports are considered to be high risk activities in relation to COVID-19 due to interpersonal contact within matches without the use of protective masks at distances of less than 2 meters. As a result, specific protocols for systematic testing and biosafety measures needed to be implemented to enable the safe continuation and return of soccer. In this context, this an important research[6] compares the safety protocol released by the CBF with international protocols, as well as the evaluation of the risks of SARS-CoV-2 transmission during the Brazilian Men's Championship 2020 season between August 2020 and February 2021.

Public health recommendations and government measures during the COVID-19 pandemic have enforced restrictions on daily-living. While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on mental health and emotional wellbeing is undefined.[7] During the COVID-19 pandemic,[8] the life style have resulted in numerous restrictions on daily living including social distancing, isolation and home confinement. Those affected the mental health[9] of people globally.[10] While these measures are imperative to abate the spreading of COVID-19, the impact of these restrictions on health behaviours and lifestyles at home is undefined.[11] In Brazil,[12] the return of the activities was very important but the relaxation rules can represent a risk for future COVID-19 waves.

References
  1. Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Albuquerque PdGRd, Vasconcellos GdA, Nascimento RMd, Cavalari NT, Range D, Guimarães-Mataruna AF, Ortiz-Silva B. An Analysis Safe Protocols Employed in Professional Male Soccer and the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the 2020 Brazilian Championship. Sustainability. 2021; 13(24):13585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413585
  2. Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FFERJ). COVID-19: FERJ Elabora Protocolo de Segurança; c2020. Available online: http://www.fferj.com.br/Noticias/View/17986#:~:text=A%20Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20de%20Futebol%20do,%C3%B3rg%C3%A3os%20governamentais%20de%20Sa%C3%BAde%20permitirem (accessed on 18 June 2021).
  3. Mataruna-Dos-Santos, L.J.; Albuquerque, P.d.G.R.d.; Vasconcellos, G.d.A.; Nascimento, R.M.d.; Cavalari, N.T.; Range, D.; Guimarães-Mataruna, A.F.; Ortiz-Silva, B. An Analysis Safe Protocols Employed in Professional Male Soccer and the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the 2020 Brazilian Championship. Sustainability 2021, 13, 13585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413585
  4. Fedération Internatiole de Football Association (FIFA). COVID-19: FIFA’s Return to Football; c2020. Available online: https://resources.fifa.com/image/upload/1735-COVID-19-fifa-s-return-to-football.pdf?cloudid=iepkvqns9kek6fltlx8k (accessed on 18 June 2021).
  5. Confederação Brasileira de Futebol (CBF). CBF Publica Guia Médico para Retorno das Atividades do Futebol; c2020. Available online: https://www.cbf.com.br/a-cbf/informes/index/cbf-publica-guia-medico-para-retorno-das-atividades-do-futebol (accessed on 18 June 2021).
  6. Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Leonardo J., Pedro d.G.R.d. Albuquerque, Gabriel d.A. Vasconcellos, Rodrigo M.d. Nascimento, Nadine T. Cavalari, Daniel Range, Andressa F. Guimarães-Mataruna, and Bianca Ortiz-Silva. 2021. "An Analysis Safe Protocols Employed in Professional Male Soccer and the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the 2020 Brazilian Championship" Sustainability 13, no. 24: 13585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413585
  7. Ammar A, Mueller P, Trabelsi K, Chtourou H, Boukhris O, Masmoudi L, et al. (2020) Psychological consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study. PLoS ONE 15(11): e0240204. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240204
  8. Ammar, A., Trabelsi, K., Brach, M., Chtourou, H., Boukhris, O., Masmoudi, L., Bouaziz, B., Bentlage, E., How, D., Ahmed, M., Mueller, P., Mueller, N., Hammouda, O., Paineiras-Domingos, L., Braakman-jansen, A., Wrede, C., Bastoni, S., Pernambuco, C., Mataruna, L., Taheri, M., Irandoust, K., Khacharem, A., Bragazzi, N., Strahler, J., Adrian, J., Andreeva, A., Glenn, J., Bott, N., Gargouri, F., Chaari, L., Batatia, H., khoshnami, S., Samara, E., Zisi, V., Sankar, P., Ahmed, W., Ali, G., Abdelkarim, O., Jarraya, M., Abed, K., Moalla, W., Romdhani, M., Aloui, A., Souissi, N., GemertPijnen, L., Riemann, B., Riemann, L., Delhey, J., Gómez-Raja, J., Epstein, M., Sanderman, R., Schulz, S., Jerg, A., Al-Horani, R., Mansi, T., Jmail, M., Barbosa, F., Ferreira-Santos, F., Šimunič, B., Pišot, R., Pišot, S., Gaggioli, A., Zmijewski, P., Bailey, S., Steinacker, J., Chamari, K., Driss, T., and Hoekelmann, A. (2021). Effects of home confinement on mental health and lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 outbreak: Insight from the ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study. Biology of Sport, 38(1), pp.9-21. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.96857
  9. emotional consequences of COVID-19 home confinement: The ECLB-COVID19 multicenter study Achraf Ammar, Patrick Mueller, Khaled Trabelsi, Hamdi Chtourou, Omar Boukhris, Liwa Masmoudi, Bassem Bouaziz, Michael Brach, Marlen Schmicker, Ellen Bentlage, Daniella How, Mona Ahmed, Asma Aloui, Omar Hammouda, Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos, Annemarie Braakman-jansen, Christian Wrede, Sophia Bastoni, Carlos Soares Pernambuco, Leonardo Mataruna, Morteza Taheri, Khadijeh Irandoust, Aïmen Khacharem, Nicola L Bragazzi, Karim Chamari, Jordan M Glenn, Nicholas T Bott, Faiez Gargouri, Lotfi Chaari, Hadj Batatia, Gamal Mohamed Ali, Osama Abdelkarim, Mohamed Jarraya, Kais El Abed, Nizar Souissi, Lisette Van Gemert-Pijnen, Stephen J Bailey, Wassim Moalla, Jonathan Gómez-Raja, Monique Epstein, Robbert Sanderman, Sebastian Schulz, Achim Jerg, Ramzi Al-Horani, Taysir Mansi, Mohamed Jmail, Fernando Barbosa, Fernando Santos, Boštjan Šimunič, Rado Pišot, Donald Cowan, Andrea Gaggioli, Jürgen Steinacker, Laurel Riemann, Bryan L Riemann, Notger Mueller, Tarak Driss, Anita Hoekelmann medRxiv 2020.05.05.20091058; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.05.20091058
  10. Dilsad Ahmed, Walter King Yan Ho, Ahmed Al-Haramlah & Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos | Lucia Monacis (Reviewing editor) (2020) Motivation to participate in physical activity and sports: Age transition and gender differences among India’s adolescents, Cogent Psychology, 7:1, DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2020.1798633
  11. Ammar, A.; Brach, M.; Trabelsi, K.; Chtourou, H.; Boukhris, O.; Masmoudi, L.; Bouaziz, B.; Bentlage, E.; How, D.; Ahmed, M.; Müller, P.; Müller, N.; Aloui, A.; Hammouda, O.; Paineiras-Domingos, L.L.; Braakman-Jansen, A.; Wrede, C.; Bastoni, S.; Pernambuco, C.S.; Mataruna, L.; Taheri, M.; Irandoust, K.; Khacharem, A.; Bragazzi, N.L.; Chamari, K.; Glenn, J.M.; Bott, N.T.; Gargouri, F.; Chaari, L.; Batatia, H.; Ali, G.M.; Abdelkarim, O.; Jarraya, M.; El Abed, K.; Souissi, N.; Van Gemert-Pijnen, L.; Riemann, B.L.; Riemann, L.; Moalla, W.; Gómez-Raja, J.; Epstein, M.; Sanderman, R.; Schulz, S.V.W.; Jerg, A.; Al-Horani, R.; Mansi, T.; Jmail, M.; Barbosa, F.; Ferreira-Santos, F.; Šimunič, B.; Pišot, R.; Gaggioli, A.; Bailey, S.J.; Steinacker, J.M.; Driss, T.; Hoekelmann, A.; On Behalf of the ECLB-COVID19 Consortium. Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey. Nutrients 2020, 12, 1583. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061583
  12. Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Albuquerque PdGRd, Vasconcellos GdA, Nascimento RMd, Cavalari NT, Range D, Guimarães-Mataruna AF, Ortiz-Silva B. An Analysis Safe Protocols Employed in Professional Male Soccer and the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the 2020 Brazilian Championship. Sustainability. 2021; 13(24):13585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413585
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