Picea breweriana

Brewer spruce is a large evergreen conifer growing to 20–40 metres (66–131 ft) tall, exceptionally 54 m, and with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m. The bark is thin and scaly, and purple-gray in color. The crown is very distinct, distinguished by level branches with vertically pendulous branchlets up to 1.2–2.4 m (4–8 ft),[6] each branch forming a 'curtain' of foliage. The pendulous foliage only develops when the tree grows to about 1.5–2 m tall; young trees smaller than this (up to about 10–20 years old) are open-crowned with sparse, level branchlets. The shoots are orange-brown, with dense short pubescence about 0.2 millimetres long and very rough with pulvini 1–2 mm long.

The leaves are borne singly on the pulvini, and are needle-like (though not sharp),[6] 15–35 mm long, flattened in cross-section, glossy dark green above, and with two bands of white stomata below.[7][8]

The cones are longer than most other North American spruces, pendulous, cylindrical, 8–15 centimetres (3–6 in) long[6] and 2 cm broad when closed, opening to 3–4 cm broad. They have smoothly rounded, thin, flexible scales 2 cm long. The immature cones are dark purple, maturing red-brown 5–7 months after pollination. The seeds are black, 3–4 mm long, with a slender, 12–18 mm long pale brown wing.[7][8]

Picea breweriana grows very slowly, typically less than 20 cm (8 in) per year. It occurs mainly on ridgetop sites with very heavy winter snow to provide a steady source of meltwater through the spring, but dry in the summer. The harsh ridgetop conditions minimize competition from other much faster-growing trees like Douglas-fir. It is very well adapted to cope with heavy snow and ice loads, with tough branches, and the drooping branchlets shedding snow readily.[7][8][9]

It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of southwest Oregon and northwest California, and grows at moderately high altitudes, from 1,000–2,700 m (3,300–8,900 ft) above sea level.[7][8][1][12][13]

Outside its native range, P. breweriana is a highly-valued ornamental tree in gardens, particularly in Great Britain and Scandinavia, where it is appreciated for its dramatically pendulous foliage.[8] This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[14][15]

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  Foliage of a young tree, Ridge above Bear Lake, Ca.
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  Picea breweriana in a garden
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  The weeping twigs
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  Foliage
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  Close-up foliage
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  Fresh female cones
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  Mature male cones & developing female cone
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  Mature cone
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  Mature Picea breweriana, Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Picea breweriana.

• Jepson Manual treatment
• Catalogue of Life: Picea breweriana
• Picea breweriana on Conifer Country
• Picea breweriana in the CalPhotos photo database, University of California, Berkeley