Third Army (United Kingdom)
The Third Army was a field army of the British Army during World War I that saw active service on the Western Front throughout the war.
| Third Army | |
|---|---|
 3rd Army formation badge. | |
| Active | 1915–1919 |
| Country |  United Kingdom |
| Branch |  British Army |
| Type | Field army |
| Engagements | Battle of the Somme Battle of Arras Battle of Cambrai Battle of Passchendaele Battle of Amiens Hundred Days Offensive |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Edmund Allenby Sir Julian Byng |
First World War
The Third Army was part of the British Army during World War I and was formed in France on 13 July 1915, under the command of Lieutenant-General Charles Monro.[1]
During August 1915 the Third Army took over trench line south of the French Tenth Army, which had to keep in position for the forthcoming autumn offensive. This made the Third Army geographically separate from the other British Armies for the time being.[2] This remained the case until March 1916, when the French Tenth Army was redeployed because of French losses at Verdun and the British Fourth Army was formed in preparation for the Battle of the Somme.[3]
The battles it took part in on the Western Front included:
- Battle of the Somme
- Battle of Cambrai
- Second Battle of Arras (April 1917)
- Battle of Passchendaele[4]
- Battle of Amiens (August 1918)
- Hundred Days Offensive
Commanders
- General Charles Monro (July 1915 – September 1915)
- General Edmund Allenby (23 October 1915 – 9 June 1917)
- General Sir Julian Byng (9 June 1917 – 22 March 1919)
Second World War
The army was not reraised during the Second World War. However, due to various Allied deception efforts, German intelligence over-estimated the number of Allied forces based within the UK by the start of 1944. While there was no specific deception effort to create the Third Army, German intelligence believed that one had been formed from Northern Command.[6]
References
- "The British Armies of 1914-1918 - The Long, Long Trail". Retrieved 10 September 2016.
- Holmes 2004, p294
- Robson, Stuart (2007). The First World War (1 ed.). Harrow, England: Pearson Longman. p. 62. ISBN 978-1-4058-2471-2 – via Archive Foundation.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - Burton, Pierre, Marching as to war, 2001, Toronto
- Harper, Glyn, 1958- (2007). Dark journey. Auckland [N.Z.]: HarperCollins Publishers. p. 525. ISBN 9781869505790. OCLC 174060842.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Hesketh 2000, pp. 169–170.
Sources
- Hesketh, Roger (2000). Fortitude: The D-Day Deception Campaign. Woodstock: Overlook Hardcover. ISBN 978-1-585-67075-8.
- Holmes, Richard (2004). The Little Field Marshal: A Life of Sir John French. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-84614-0.