Budapest Reference Connectome

The Budapest Reference Connectome server computes the frequently appearing anatomical brain connections of 418 healthy subjects.[1][2] It has been prepared from diffusion MRI datasets of the Human Connectome Project into a reference connectome (or brain graph), which can be downloaded in CSV and GraphML formats and visualized on the site in 3D.

Budapest Reference Connectome
Developer(s)Balázs Szalkai, Csaba Kerepesi, Bálint Varga, Vince Grolmusz
Stable release
3.0
Written inPerl, JavaScript, WebGL
Available inEnglish
TypeConnectomics
Websitepitgroup.org/connectome/

Features

The Budapest Reference Connectome has 1015 nodes, corresponding to anatomically identified gray matter areas. The user can set numerous parameters and the resulting consensus connectome is readily visualized on the webpage.[2] Users can zoom, rotate, and query the anatomical label of the nodes on the graphical component.

Background

Budapest Reference Connectome is a consensus graph of the brain graphs of 96 subjects in Version 2 and 418 subjects in Version 3. Only those edges are returned which are present in a given percentage of the subjects. Each of the selected edges has a certain weight in each of the graphs containing that edge, so these multiple weights are combined into a single weight, by taking either their mean (i.e., average) or median. The user interface allows the customization of these parameters: the user can select the minimum frequency of the edges returned. There is an option for viewing and comparing the female or male reference connectomes. The connectomes of women contain significantly more edges than those of men, and a larger portion of the edges in the connectomes of women run between the two hemispheres.[3][4][5]

Discoveries

The Budapest Reference Connectome has led the researchers to the discovery of the Consensus Connectome Dynamics of the human brain graphs. The edges appeared in all of the brain graphs form a connected subgraph around the brainstem. By allowing gradually less frequent edges, this core subgraph grows continuously, as a shrub. The growth dynamics may reflect the individual brain development and provide an opportunity to direct some edges of the human consensus brain graph.[6]

References
  1. Szalkai, Balázs; et al. (2015). "The Budapest Reference Connectome Server v2.0". Neuroscience Letters. 595: 60–2. arXiv:1412.3151. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.071. PMID 25862487. S2CID 6563189.
  2. Szalkai, Balázs; Kerepesi, Csaba; Varga, Balint; Grolmusz, Vince (2017). "Parameterizable consensus connectomes from the Human Connectome Project: the Budapest Reference Connectome Server v3.0". Cognitive Neurodynamics. 11 (1): 113–116. arXiv:1602.04776. doi:10.1007/s11571-016-9407-z. PMC 5264751. PMID 28174617.
  3. Ingalhalikar, M.; Smith, A.; Parker, D.; Satterthwaite, T. D.; Elliott, M. A.; Ruparel, K.; Hakonarson, H.; Gur, R. E.; Gur, R. C.; Verma, R. (2013). "Sex differences in the structural connectome of the human brain". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 111 (2): 823–828. Bibcode:2014PNAS..111..823I. doi:10.1073/pnas.1316909110. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3896179. PMID 24297904.
  4. Szalkai, Balázs; Varga, Bálint; Grolmusz, Vince (2015). "Graph Theoretical Analysis Reveals: Women's Brains Are Better Connected than Men's". PLOS ONE. 10 (7): e0130045. arXiv:1501.00727. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1030045S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130045. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 4488527. PMID 26132764.
  5. Szalkai, Balázs; Varga, Bálint; Grolmusz, Vince (2017). "Brain Size Bias Compensated Graph-Theoretical Parameters are Also Better in Women's Structural Connectomes". Brain Imaging and Behavior. 12 (3): 663–673. doi:10.1007/s11682-017-9720-0. PMID 28447246. S2CID 4028467.
  6. Kerepesi, Csaba; et al. (2016). "How to Direct the Edges of the Connectomes: Dynamics of the Consensus Connectomes and the Development of the Connections in the Human Brain". PLOS ONE. 11 (6): e0158680. arXiv:1509.05703. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1158680K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158680. PMC 4928947. PMID 27362431.
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