Buka, Bougainville

Buka is a town located on the southern coast of Buka Island, in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, in eastern Papua New Guinea.[1] It is administered under Buka Rural LLG.[2] It is the capital of the North Bougainville District and the interim capital of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville. It contains Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral.[3]

Buka
Town
Satellite image of Buka Township, with Sohano Island (Bottom left) and Buka Airport
Satellite image of Buka Township, with Sohano Island (Bottom left) and Buka Airport
Buka is located in Papua New Guinea
Buka
Buka
Location in Bougainville
Coordinates: 5°25′19″S 154°40′22″E
CountryPapua New Guinea
DistrictNorth Bougainville District
ProvinceAutonomous Region of Bougainville
Time zoneUTC+11 (BST)
Main languagesNasioi, Rorovana
ClimateAf

Geography
Buka Passage (1944)

The city and Buka Island are separated from the northern tip of Bougainville Island by the deep, narrow Buka Passage, which varies in width from 980 to 3,000 feet (300 to 1,070 metres). Both islands are in the northern Solomon Islands archipelago and the only major ones not within the nation of Solomon Islands.

Buka Island is volcanic formation measuring 35 miles by 9 miles (56 km by 14 km), with a total land area of 190 square miles (492 km²). The elevation reaches to 1,634 feet (498 metres) in the hills in the southwest, and the interior of the island is densely forested.[1] Rainfall is abundant, with more than 100 inches (2,500 mm) annually. Coral reefs fringe the south and west coasts, the latter deeply indented by Queen Carola Harbour.

Buka consists of three major geological units: a plateau of uplifted coral reefs, steep hills and coral formations of post-Pleistocene age.[4]

The city is served by Buka Airport.

History

Discovered by Europeans in 1768,[5] the German Empire laid claim to the island in 1899, annexing it into German New Guinea. Buka became the capital of the Bougainville Province decades later, during the 1990s Bougainville Civil War. The former, or "proper" capital of Bougainville, Arawa, was all but destroyed in 1990 as tensions reached a critical level in a civil uprising, which ended with the Bougainville Peace Agreement in 1998. The Bougainville government intends to return the capital to Arawa in the future.[6]

Notes and references
  1. "Buka Island | island, Papua New Guinea". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 14 April 2019.
  2. United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9.
  3. "Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral". GCatholic. Retrieved 2019-04-13.
  4. Specht, Jim (July 1974). "Of Menak and Men: Trade and the Distribution of Resources on Buka Island, Papua New Guinea". Ethnology. 13 (3): 225–237. doi:10.2307/3773164. JSTOR 3773164.
  5. McAlpine, J. R.; Saunders, J. C.; Speight, J. G.; Heyligers, P. C.; Scott, R. M. (2010). "No. 20 Lands of Bougainville and Buka Islands, Territory of Papua and New Guinea". CSIRO Land Research Surveys. 2010 (1): 1–196. doi:10.1071/lrs20. ISBN 978-0643006515.
  6. The Report: Papua New Guinea 2016. Oxford Business Group. 2016. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-910068-64-9.

5°25′19″S 154°40′22″E

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