Burrundie, Northern Territory

Burrundie is a locality in the Northern Territory, Australia. It is located within the Victoria Daly Region, approximately 30 km (19 mi) north of Pine Creek. A mining settlement of the same name was established in the area during the late 1880s, but the town was abandoned after 1900. The present day locality consists mostly of rural land holdings and was officially defined in April 2007 for administrative purposes. "Burrundie" is believed to be derived from the local aboriginal name for the area surrounding Mount Wells, a prominent feature in the locality. [2]

Burrundie
Victoria Daly Region, Northern Territory
Burrundie is located in Northern Territory
Burrundie
Burrundie
Coordinates13.4921°S 131.861°E / -13.4921; 131.861
Population35 (2016 census)[1]
Postcode(s)0822
Time zoneACST (UTC+9:30)
Location
LGA(s)Victoria Daly Region
Territory electorate(s)Daly
Federal division(s)Lingiari

History

The Woolwonga aboriginal tribe claim Burrundie as part of their traditional lands. Recognition of this claim was complicated by a frontier conflict in 1884. As reprisal for reportedly spearing and killing four European settlers,[3] the Woolwonga were believed to have been exterminated in a series of massacres, often associated with the town of Burrundie, which was the regional centre for the goldfields at the time. Documents uncovered in the 2010s however indicate that the daughter of a Woolwonga woman and a white settler had survived and was registered in the 1899 census, leading her descendants to assert native title over Burrundie.[4]

Mining town

Following the discovery of gold at nearby Yam Creek in 1872, a town site was surveyed by South Australian government in 1884 along a corridor reserved for the Palmerston and Pine Creek Railway.[5] It became the second town in the Northern Territory when gazetted on 30 October, with the first of 316 allotments[5] made available by public auction in December of that year. By 1887, a police station and mining warden's office had been relocated to Burrundie from an isolated location in the goldfields, while residents petitioned for the nearest telegraph station to also be relocated to improve the efficiency of services in the town.[6]

A view of Burrundie township c.1890

At its peak during the 1890s the town boasted a railway station, court house and a hospital.[5] It was a key location during construction of the railway to Pine Creek with an underground explosives magazine built in 1885. An above ground magazine added in 1896 remained in use until World War II, well after the town's decline.[7] The magazines were added to the Northern Territory Heritage Register in 1995.[7]

Burrundie's significance waned in the early 20th the century, evidenced by the closure of the police station in 1906 (was briefly reopened before again closing in 1908),[8] abolition of the local court in 1908[9] and the relocation of the prefabricated Mining Warden's Office building to Pine Creek in 1913.[10] Burials at Burrundie cemetery lasted from 1893 until 1901.[11]

21st century

In September 2014, Woolwonga descendents met at the former Burrundie railway siding for a ceremony to affirm their cultural identity and commemorate the 130th anniversary of a raid by white settlers and police that killed 30 aboriginal men and an unknown number of women and children. During the ceremony, a plaque was unveiled by Senator Nigel Scullion, Minister for Indigenous Affairs commemorating the massacre and describing the plight of the Woolwonga in the years that followed.[4][12]

Present day

Today, the boundaries of Burrundie have been redefined as an expanded rural locality taking in many of the surrounding former goldfields with a population of 35 people. Within the former township, there remain 25 freehold titles, although these are mainly historic records.[5]

The 1896 railway powder magazine is the last building still standing,[7] while some ruined foundations and the railway station platform are all that remain of the mining town. The standard-gauge Adelaide–Darwin railway follows the 19th century narrow-gauge alignment through Burrundie, passing close to the former station.

References
  1. Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Burrundie (NT) (State Suburb)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
  2. "Place Names Register Extract for "Burrundie" (Locality)". NT Place Names Register. Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
  3. "The Daly River Tragedy". South Australian Register. Adelaide. 15 September 1884. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  4. Purtill, James (25 September 2014). "'Forgotten' Woolwonga tribe demand recognition 130 years after 'extermination'". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  5. "Place Names Register Extract for "Burrundie" (Town)". NT Place Names Register. Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  6. Johnstone, James. "Yam Creek". Telegrams in Australia: 1854-1988. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  7. "Burrundie Explosives Magazines". Northern Territory Heritage Register. Northern Territory Government. 11 January 1995. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  8. "Station Timeline". NT Police Museum and Historical Society. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  9. "BURRUNDIE LOCAL COURT ABOLISHED". Northern Territory Times and Gazette. Darwin. 13 March 1908. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  10. "Pine Creek, NT". Aussie Towns. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  11. "21st Annual Conference, Darwin NT" (PDF). Australasian Mining History Association. Retrieved 11 February 2022.
  12. "Woolwonga people remember". Land Rights News - Northern Edition. Northern Land Council. October 2014.
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