1-Butene

But-1-ene (or 1-butylene) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH2CH=CH2. It is a colorless gas that is easily condensed to give a colorless liquid. It is classified as a linear alpha-olefin (terminal alkene).[2] It is one of the isomers of butene (butylene). It is a precursor to diverse products.

1-Butene
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
But-1-ene[1]
Other names
Ethylethylene
1-Butylene
α-Butylene
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
1098262
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.137
EC Number
  • 203-449-2
25205
UNII
UN number 1012
  • InChI=1S/C4H8/c1-3-4-2/h3H,1,4H2,2H3 checkY
    Key: VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/C4H8/c1-3-4-2/h3H,1,4H2,2H3
    Key: VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYAZ
  • C=CCC
  • CCC=C
Properties
C4H8
Molar mass 56.108 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless Gas
Odor slightly aromatic
Density 0.62 g/cm3
Melting point −185.3 °C (−301.5 °F; 87.8 K)
Boiling point −6.47 °C (20.35 °F; 266.68 K)
0.221 g/100 mL
Solubility soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene
1.3962
Viscosity 7.76 Pa
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS02: FlammableGHS04: Compressed Gas
Danger
H220, H221, H280
P210, P377, P381, P403, P410+P403
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamond
1
4
0
Flash point −79 °C; −110 °F; 194 K
385 °C (725 °F; 658 K)
Explosive limits 1.6-10%
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
☒N verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
Infobox references

Reactions

Polymerization of but-1-ene gives polybutylene, which is used to make piping for domestic plumbing.[3] Another application is as a comonomer in the production of certain kinds of polyethylene, such as linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE).[4] It has also been used as a precursor to polypropylene resins, butylene oxide, and butanone.[5]

Manufacturing

But-1-ene is produced by separation from crude C4 refinery streams and by ethylene dimerization. The former affords a mixture of 1-and 2-butenes, while the latter affords only the terminal alkene.[6] It is distilled to give a very high purity product. An estimated 12 billion kilograms were produced in 2011.[7]

See also

References
  1. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book). Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. 2014. pp. 17, 61, 374. doi:10.1039/9781849733069-FP001. ISBN 978-0-85404-182-4.
  2. "1-BUTENE". chemicalland21.com. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  3. Whiteley, Kenneth S.; Heggs, T. Geoffrey; Koch, Hartmut; Mawer, Ralph L.; Immel, Wolfgang (2000). "Polyolefins". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_487.
  4. Chum, P. Steve; Swogger, Kurt W. (2008). "Olefin polymer technologies—History and Recent Progress at the Dow Chemical Company". Progress in Polymer Science. 33 (8): 797–819. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.05.003.
  5. "1-Butene product overview". shell.com. Archived from the original on 2012-02-10. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  6. "Alphabutol process - Big Chemical Encyclopedia". chempedia.info. Archived from the original on 2017-12-08. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  7. Geilen, Frank M.A.; Stochniol, Guido; Peitz, Stephan; Schulte-Koerne, Ekkehard (2014). "Butenes". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_483.pub3.
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