C♯ (musical note)

C (C-sharp) is a musical note lying a chromatic semitone above C and a diatonic semitone below D; it is the second semitone of the solfège. C-sharp is thus enharmonic to D. It is the second semitone in the French solfège and is known there as do dièse. In some European notations, it is known as Cis. In equal temperament it is also enharmonic with Bdouble sharp (B-double sharp/Hisis).

{ \new Staff \with{ \magnifyStaff #3/2 } << \time 2/1 \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f { \clef bass cis1_C-sharp \clef treble cis' } >> }

When calculated in equal temperament with a reference of A above middle C as 440 Hz, the frequency of C4 (the C above middle C) is about 277.183 Hz. See pitch (music) for a discussion of historical variations in frequency.

Designation by octave

Scientific designation Helmholtz designation Octave name Frequency (Hz)
C−1C͵͵͵ or ͵͵͵C or CCCCSubsubcontra8.662
C0C͵͵ or ͵͵C or CCCSubcontra17.324
C1C͵ or ͵C or CCContra34.648
C2CGreat69.296
C3cSmall138.591
C4cOne-lined277.183
C5cTwo-lined554.365
C6cThree-lined1108.731
C7cFour-lined2217.461
C8cFive-lined4434.922
C9cSix-lined8869.844
C10cSeven-lined17739.688

Scales

Common scales beginning on C

  • C major: C D E F G A B C
  • C natural minor: C D E F G A B C
  • C harmonic minor: C D E F G A B C
  • C melodic minor ascending: C D E F G A B C
  • C melodic minor descending: C B A G F E D C

Diatonic scales

  • C Ionian: C D E F G A B C
  • C Dorian: C D E F G A B C
  • C Phrygian: C D E F G A B C
  • C Lydian: C D E Fdouble sharp G A B C
  • C Mixolydian: C D E F G A B C
  • C Aeolian: C D E F G A B C
  • C Locrian: C D E F G A B C

Jazz melodic minor

See also

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