Type C5 ship

The Type C5 ship is a United States Maritime Administration (MARAD) designation for World War II breakbulk cargo and later a container ship for containerization shipments. The first type C5-class ship was a class of ships constructed and produced in the United States during World War II. The World War II C5-class ship was dry bulk cargo ship built by Bethlehem Steel in Sparrows Point, Maryland. Bethlehem Steel built eight ships in this bulk cargo class and four orders were canceled. The C5-class ship has a 24,250 DWT and was 560 feet (170 m) long. The C5 was mainly used as iron ore carriers. The C5 was needed to replace other ships that sank during World War II. First in her class was SS Venore, USMC #1982, delivered on 20 July 1945. The Type C5-class ship designed to fill the need to move iron ore from Santa Cruz, Chile, to Sparrows Point, Maryland, through the Panama Canal, a round-trip of 8,700 nautical miles (16,100 km; 10,000 mi).[2][3] Post World War II, four ships were given C5 class type C5-S-78a, these were roll-on/roll-off container ship built by Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc. of Pascagoula, Mississippi and operated by the Moore-McCormack Lines. The C5-S-78a had a deadweight tonnage of 16,000 tons.[4][5]

SS Curtiss, a type C5-S-78a-class ship
Class overview
BuildersBethlehem Steel, Sparrows Point, Maryland
Planned12
Completed8
General characteristics C5 class[1]
TypeDry bulk cargo ship
Tonnage24,250 DWT
Length583 ft (178 m) oa
Beam78 ft (24 m)
Draft34 ft (10 m)
Installed power11,000 shp (8,200 kW)
PropulsionSteam turbines
Speed16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph)
Range12,000 nmi (22,000 km; 14,000 mi)
Capacity
  • Cargo: 420,284 cu ft (11,901.1 m3)
  • Fuel oil, forward, full 5,719 bbl
  • Fuel oil, aft, full 7,894 bbl
Crew63

Ships in class

Ordered during World War II
  • C5-S AX1 C5 iron ore carriers, 1948.[6]
    • Venore, USMC #1982, Hull 4411, scrapped 1970
    • Marore, USMC #1983, Hull 4412, scrapped 1970
    • Lebore, USMC #1984, Hull 4413, converted to container ship 1966, scrapped 1972
    • Feltore, USMC #1985, Hull 4414, converted to container ship 1967, scrapped 1971
    • Chilore, Hull 4445, scrapped 1970
    • Santore, Hull 4446, scrapped 1970
    • Cubore, Hull 4457, scrapped 1980
    • Baltore, Hull 4458, converted to barge in 1981

Post World War II
  • C5-S-78a container ship 1968[7]
    • SS Curtiss (T-AVB-4) laid down on 1 April 1968 at Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc. of Pascagoula, Mississippi as SS Mormacksky, Maritime Commission type C5-S-78a.
    • SS Mormacstar, a Maritime Administration, roll-on/roll-off container ship. renamed: SS Red Jacket, SS American Rapid, SS Rapid, Cape Nome, and SS Cape Nome (AK-1014), 3 April 2002, laid up in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, James River Group.[8]
    • SS Mormacsea 1969 roll-on/roll-off container ship, renamed Defiance in 1978, renamed American Rover in 1982, renamed Rover in 1983 and scrapped in 1993 at Alang, India.
    • SS Mormacsun 1970 roll-on/roll-off container ship, renamed SS Young America in 1970, renamed SS Wright (T-AVB-3) in 1986, in active service.[9]

Conversions
SS Cape Girardeau, a C5-S-75a at Alameda
Former Merchant Marine Academy flagship SS Cape Gibson, ex-SS Indian Mail a C5-S-75a
SS Cornhusker State, ex C.V. Stag Hound, a C5-S-73b conversion
  • C5-S-37e conversions
  • Some C3-S-37a cargo ships were modified in the 1970s to a new C5-S-37e design by the Todd Shipyards Corp., Galveston, Texas. C3-class ships was lengthened by 97.5 feet (29.7 m) to be a class C5.[10][11][12]
    • James Lykes 1960, scrapped in 1995.
    • Joseph Lykes 1960, scrapped in 1996.
    • Zoella Lykes 1960, scrapped 1995 at Alang.
    • John Lykes 1960, scrapped 1995 at Alang.
    • Thompson Lykes 1960, rebuilt into a barge in 1994.[13]
  • C5-S-75a built by Newport News Shipbuilding & Drydock Co., Newport News, Virginia for the American Mail Line of Seattle, Washington as break bulk cargo or container ship, with 21,600 shp (16,100 kW) at 15,950 tons, 21.0 knots (38.9 km/h; 24.2 mph). The largest general cargo liners in 1969.[16]

See also

References
  1. SS Venore
  2. sname.org, Ore Carrier S.S. Venore, 1945, by Robinson H F; Worthen E P
  3. shipbuildinghistory.com C5
  4. shipbuildinghistory.com, Ingalls Shipbuilding, Inc.
  5. usmaritimecommission.de, The C5-Designs and his Conversions
  6. usmm.org, United States Maritime Commission C5 and R (Refrigerated) Type Ships
  7. shipbuildinghistory.com C3 and C5
  8. navsource.org SS Mormacstar
  9. shipbuildinghistory.com, Roll-on/Roll-off Container
  10. shipspotting.com, James Lykes
  11. /james.htm, wellandcanal.ca, James Lykes
  12. usmaritimecommission.de, The C5-Designs and his Conversions
  13. Lykes Brothers Steam Ship Company / Lykes Lines, New Orleans, Tampa, 1898-2005
  14. Toppan, Andrew (2003). "Bath Iron Works Production Record, Part 3". Hull 277 and later. Hazegray Shipbuilding Pages. Retrieved April 23, 2010.
  15. Export Freedom
  16. navsource.org, SS American Mail
  17. "US Navy Military Sealift Command - Inventory". MSC Ship Inventory - Containers and RO/RO. US Department of Defense. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
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