CGB2 (gene)

CGB2
Identifiers
Aliases	CGB2, chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit 2, chorionic gonadotropin subunit beta 2
External IDs	OMIM: 608824 HomoloGene: 137643 GeneCards: CGB2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (human)[1]
End	49,033,238 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	putamen; ; skeletal muscle tissue; ; placenta; ; caudate nucleus; ; hippocampus proper; ; hypothalamus; ; nucleus accumbens; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; pituitary gland; ; skin of abdomen;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	hormone activity;
Cellular component	extracellular region; extracellular space; cytoplasm;
Biological process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; cell-cell signaling; hormone-mediated signaling pathway; ovulation; regulation of signaling receptor activity;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	114336
	n/a
	ENSG00000104818
	n/a
	Q6NT52
	n/a
	NM_033378; NM_001319065
	n/a
	NP_001305994; NP_203696
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Choriogonadotropin subunit beta variant 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CGB2 gene.[3][4]

The beta subunit of chorionic gonadotropin (CGB) is encoded by six highly homologous and structurally similar genes that are arranged in tandem and inverted pairs on chromosome 19q13.3, and contiguous with the luteinizing hormone beta (LHB) subunit gene. The CGB genes are primarily distinguished by differences in the 5' untranscribed region. This gene was originally thought to be one of the two pseudogenes (CGB1 and CGB2) of CGB subunit, however, detection of CGB1 and CGB2 transcripts in vivo, and their presence on the polysomes, suggested that these transcripts are translated. To date, a protein product corresponding to CGB2 has not been isolated. The deduced sequence of the hypothetical protein of 132 aa does not share any similarity with that of functional CGB subunits.[5] However, a 163 aa protein, translated from a different frame, is about the same size, and shares 98% identity with other CGB subunits.[4]

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000104818 - Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Policastro P, Ovitt CE, Hoshina M, Fukuoka H, Boothby MR, Boime I (Nov 1983). "The beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin is encoded by multiple genes". J Biol Chem. 258 (19): 11492–9. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)44254-2. PMID 6194155.
"Entrez Gene: CGB2 chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 2".
Dirnhofer S, Hermann M, Hittmair A, Hoermann R, Kapelari K, Berger P (December 1996). "Expression of the human chorionic gonadotropin-beta gene cluster in human pituitaries and alternate use of exon 1". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81 (12): 4212–7. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.12.8954017. PMID 8954017.

External links

Human CGB2 genome location and CGB2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Bo M, Boime I (1992). "Identification of the transcriptionally active genes of the chorionic gonadotropin beta gene cluster in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (5): 3179–84. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)50712-8. PMID 1371113.
Policastro PF, Daniels-McQueen S, Carle G, Boime I (1986). "A map of the hCG beta-LH beta gene cluster". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (13): 5907–16. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)38469-7. PMID 2422163.
Julier C, Weil D, Couillin P, et al. (1984). "The beta chorionic gonadotropin-beta luteinizing gene cluster maps to human chromosome 19". Hum. Genet. 67 (2): 174–177. doi:10.1007/BF00272995. PMID 6204923. S2CID 25631308.
Talmadge K, Boorstein WR, Fiddes JC (1984). "The human genome contains seven genes for the beta-subunit of chorionic gonadotropin but only one gene for the beta-subunit of luteinizing hormone". DNA. 2 (4): 281–289. doi:10.1089/dna.1983.2.281. PMID 6319099.
Talmadge K, Vamvakopoulos NC, Fiddes JC (1984). "Evolution of the genes for the beta subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone". Nature. 307 (5946): 37–40. Bibcode:1984Natur.307...37T. doi:10.1038/307037a0. PMID 6690982. S2CID 4282776.
Dirnhofer S, Hermann M, Hittmair A, et al. (1997). "Expression of the human chorionic gonadotropin-beta gene cluster in human pituitaries and alternate use of exon 1". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81 (12): 4212–4217. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.12.8954017. PMID 8954017.
Venter JC, Adams MD, Myers EW, et al. (2001). "The sequence of the human genome". Science. 291 (5507): 1304–1351. Bibcode:2001Sci...291.1304V. doi:10.1126/science.1058040. PMID 11181995.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–16903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Hallast P, Rull K, Laan M (2007). "The evolution and genomic landscape of CGB1 and CGB2 genes". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 260–262: 2–11. doi:10.1016/j.mce.2005.11.049. PMC 2599907. PMID 17055150.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000104818 - Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid6194155-3] Policastro P, Ovitt CE, Hoshina M, Fukuoka H, Boothby MR, Boime I (Nov 1983). "The beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin is encoded by multiple genes". J Biol Chem. 258 (19): 11492–9. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)44254-2. PMID 6194155.

[entrez-4] "Entrez Gene: CGB2 chorionic gonadotropin, beta polypeptide 2".

[5] Dirnhofer S, Hermann M, Hittmair A, Hoermann R, Kapelari K, Berger P (December 1996). "Expression of the human chorionic gonadotropin-beta gene cluster in human pituitaries and alternate use of exon 1". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81 (12): 4212–7. doi:10.1210/jcem.81.12.8954017. PMID 8954017.

CGB2 (gene)

References

External links

Further reading