CGR 0-4-0ST 1878 Aid

The Cape Government Railways 0-4-0ST Aid of 1878 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.

CGR 0-4-0ST 1878 Aid
The locomotive Aid at Port Alfred
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerFox, Walker and Company
BuilderFox, Walker and Company
Serial number325
Build date1877
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte0-4-0ST
 • UICBn2t
Driver2nd coupled axle
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
"broad" in comparison
to the traditional
3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) Cape gauge
Coupled dia.37+1⁄2 in (952 mm)
Wheelbase4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm)
 • Coupled4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm)
Length:
​
 • Over couplers18 ft (5,486 mm) over buffers
 • Over beams16 ft (4,877 mm)
Height10 ft 6 in (3,200 mm)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity1 LT 10 cwt (1.5 t)
Water cap.450 imp gal (2,050 L)
Firebox typeRound-top
 • Firegrate area5.5 sq ft (0.51 m2)
Boiler:
​
 • Pitch4 ft 11+3⁄4 in (1,518 mm)
 • Diameter2 ft 7+1⁄2 in (800 mm)
 • Tube plates7 ft 9+3⁄16 in (2,367 mm)
 • Small tubes69: 2 in (51 mm)
Boiler pressure130 psi (896 kPa)
Safety valveSalter
Heating surface315.72 sq ft (29.331 m2)
 • Tubes281.56 sq ft (26.158 m2)
 • Firebox34.16 sq ft (3.174 m2)
CylindersTwo
Cylinder size10 in (254 mm) bore
18 in (457 mm) stroke
Valve gearStephenson
CouplersBuffers-and-chain
Performance figures
Tractive effort4,680 lbf (20.8 kN) @ 75%
Career
OperatorsCape Government Railways
Number in class1
Official nameAid
Delivered1878
First run1878

In June 1874, while construction work by the Kowie Harbour Improvement Company was underway at Port Alfred, the Cape Government Railways shipped their 0-4-0T locomotive no. 9 Blackie from Cape Town to Port Alfred for use as construction locomotive. In 1878, when it became necessary to regularly ferry the locomotive from one bank of the Kowie River to the other, a second locomotive was obtained, a 0-4-0ST engine named Aid.[1][2][3]

Port Alfred harbour

In the middle of the 19th century, Port Alfred at the Kowie River mouth was considered as a possible third major port in the Eastern Cape, in addition to the ports of Port Elizabeth to the southwest and East London to the northeast. In 1857, the Kowie Harbour Improvement Company commenced work to construct embankments and increase the depth of the river mouth. The work was eventually taken over by the Cape Government, who spent more than £800,000 in the attempt to develop the harbour.[2]

In 1874, when the need arose for a construction locomotive on site, the 0-4-2T locomotive no. 9 Blackie, the first locomotive in South Africa, was shipped to Port Alfred by the Cape Government Railways. The engine Blackie, officially named Frontier, was put to work on the west bank of the Kowie river, but as pressure of work demanded, it became necessary to regularly ferry the locomotive from one bank of the Kowie to the other.[1]

Manufacturer

To eliminate the time-consuming tedium of ferrying the locomotive to and fro across the river, an order for a second locomotive was placed through the Crown Agents for the Colonies in 1877. Fox, Walker and Company of Bristol in England supplied an 0-4-0ST locomotive which was shipped in two sections and on two brigs, the Frieda and the Lena, which arrived at Port Alfred on 1 January 1878.[1]

Service

The new locomotive, also built for 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) gauge, was assembled on the east bank of the Kowie and named Aid. It worked at Port Alfred until the harbour construction work was terminated around the turn of the twentieth century, as a result of the continuous silting up of the river mouth which made the project unviable. The engine Aid was then abandoned and left standing in a shed.[1][2]

Disposal

At some time shortly after the end of the First World War, the engine Aid was stripped down and buried on site. Its remains were exhumed in January 1960 and presented to the museum at Port Elizabeth, where it was intended to rebuild the locomotive to a condition suitable for static exhibition, using dimensional drawings of the engine which had since been discovered.[1]

Nothing came of the restoration plans, however, and the exhumed remains of the locomotive were eventually sold as scrap metal.[4]

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to CGR 0-4-0ST 1878 Aid.
  1. Holland, D.F. (1971). Steam Locomotives of the South African Railways. Vol. 1: 1859–1910 (1st ed.). Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles. pp. 13–14, 18. ISBN 978-0-7153-5382-0.
  2. The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd., Published c. 1978, pp. 5, 12.
  3. Espitalier, T.J.; Day, W.A.J. (1943). The Locomotive in South Africa - A Brief History of Railway Development. Chapter II - The Cape Government Railways (Continued). South African Railways and Harbours Magazine, November 1943. p. 818.
  4. Dulez, Jean A. (2012). Railways of Southern Africa 150 Years (Commemorating One Hundred and Fifty Years of Railways on the Sub-Continent – Complete Motive Power Classifications and Famous Trains – 1860–2011) (1st ed.). Garden View, Johannesburg, South Africa: Vidrail Productions. p. 18. ISBN 9 780620 512282.
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