Consular identification card
Consular identification (CID) cards are issued by some governments to their citizens who are living in foreign countries. They may be used, for example, by an embassy to allow its citizens to vote in a foreign country. Some jurisdictions accept them for some identification purposes. They are not certifications of legal residence within foreign countries, so CID card holders could be legal or illegal aliens.[1]
Use in the United States
Use of consular identification cards is controversial within the United States, as one aspect of the controversies over illegal immigration.
Issuing travel documents and passports are some of the functions performed by consular offices for their citizens. "According to the Department of State, issuance of CID cards falls within the general scope of permissible consular functions."[2] The Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963 defined the allowable activities for consulate offices such as registering its citizens within foreign countries.[3]
Some jurisdictions and businesses accept them for some identification purposes.[4]
The 9/11 Commission recommended the U.S. establish standards for sources of identification, however the documents required to acquire CID cards vary from country to country, as noted below in the chart.
In November 2004, the U.S. Congress restored funding for the Treasury Department to implement regulations that allow financial institutions to accept CID cards for banking (H.R. 4818/P.L. 108-447).[5]
A 2004 report prepared for the United States Congress by the Congressional Research Service (CRS) acknowledges controversy over the use of CID cards. It states that supporters of consular identification cards argue that they are important in a post 9/11 America to improve security and bring transactions out into the open where they can be monitored more as well as improve bilateral relations by notifying consulates when foreign nationals are detained. Others say that acceptance of CID by US institutions is inappropriate since it facilitates the unlawful stay within the United States of undocumented aliens. and that cards are only needed "by aliens who are illegally present in the United States and serve to undermine U.S. immigration policy". They say that at best better regulation is needed of these cards to "reinforce immigration policy and to defend against terrorism." Foreign governments are accused of "issuing consular identification cards in the United States for purposes other than those intended by the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, namely to circumvent U.S. immigration law, and that the issuance of the cards should be subject to U.S. regulation."[5]
In 2005, the REAL ID Act became law which requires that applicants for driver's licenses are "lawfully present in the United States" and that "an official passport is the only acceptable foreign identity document."[5]
The Argentinian Consulate in Los Angeles advertises the benefits of their CID cards in the U.S. for Argentine citizens as a means to avoid deportation, board aircraft, and obtain access to banking, credit, libraries, municipal programs and funerals.[6]
The United States government does not issue CID cards. It has recently begun issuing the U.S. Passport Card to U.S. citizens for land and sea travel to and from Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda as well as for domestic air travel within America but not for international air travel.[7]
History
| Country | Issuing Country's Name of Their Consular ID Card | Required Application Documents | Cost | Inception Date | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bolivia | [8] | ||||
| Brazil | matrícula consular | • Notarized copy of first 2 pages
of valid Brazilian passport • Apply in person or by mail |
Free | [9] | |
| Colombia | cédula de ciudadanía (citizen ID) | • Original Colombian ID (expired or unexpired) or
original birth certificate • Document showing blood type • Apply in person • Temporary ID in 30 minutes, actual ID in one year |
Free | 1853 | [9] |
| Dominican Republic | localizador archivo | • Unexpired passport or national ID (cédula)
• Ready same day |
$12 | [9] | |
| Ecuador | consular ID | • Ecuadorian passport or national ID (cédula)
• Proof of U.S. address • Ready same day |
$5 | [9] | |
| Guatemala | Tarjeta de Identificación Consular Guatemalteca (TICG) | • Valid Guatemalan passport
• (To obtain passport, present original + 2 copies of birth certificate + photo ID + $65 fee) • Ready in 2 days |
$30 | August 2002 | [2] |
| France | Registre des Français établis hors de France |
|
Free | ||
| Guinea | consular ID | • Photocopy of unexpired Guinean passport or
national identity card, or birth certificate + photo ID • Ready next day |
$25 | [9] | |
| Mali | carte d'identité consulaire | Mali passport or national ID card | $18 | [9] | |
| Mexico | Matricula Consular de Alta Seguridad (MCAS) | First time:
• Birth certificate: original • Photo ID from Mexico: original • Proof of U.S. address • Ready same day |
US $27 | 1871 | |
| Nigeria | citizen’s certificate | • Photocopy of Nigerian passport or national ID | $25 | [9] | |
| Pakistan | national identity card for overseas Pakistanis (NICOP) | • Notarized copies of: first 4 pages of passport; visa or
other document showing legal stay in U.S.; and National ID card or Bay-Form • Proof of address in U.S. and Pakistan |
$15 | [9] | |
| Peru | tarjeta consular | • Valid Documento Nacional de Identidad and passport
• Proof of residence in U.S. |
$2 | [9] | |
| Senegal | consular ID | • Senegalese ID, such as a passport or national ID card
• Ready in 1 month |
$4 | [9] | |
| Tunisia | بطاقة ترسيم | $7 | |||
References
- "BORDER SECURITY Consular Identification Cards Accepted within United States, but Consistent Federal Guidance Needed" (PDF). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). August 2004. p. (PDF p. 2). Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- "BORDER SECURITY Consular Identification Cards Accepted within United States, but Consistent Federal Guidance Needed" (PDF). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). August 2004. p. 5 (PDF p. 9). Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- "Implications of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations upon the Regulation of Consular Identification Cards" (PDF). Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service (CRS). May 23, 2005. Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- "Ann Arbor to establish more protections for undocumented immigrants". MLive.com. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
- "Consular Identification Cards: Domestic and Foreign Policy Implications, the Mexican Case, and Related Legislation" (PDF). Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service (CRS). May 26, 2005. Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- "Matricula Consular". Los Angeles, CA: The Argentinian Consulate of Los Angeles (Consulado General y Centro de Promocion de la Republica Argentina - Los Angeles). 2004-08-01. Archived from the original on 2009-04-12. Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- "U.S. Passport Card". Washington, DC: U.S. Dept of State. Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- "BORDER SECURITY Consular Identification Cards Accepted within United States, but Consistent Federal Guidance Needed" (PDF). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). Retrieved 2009-02-17.
- "HISTORIA DE LA CÉDULA DE CIUDADANÍA". Registraduría nacional del estado civil. Bogotá. April 2019. Archived from the original on 2016-05-08. Retrieved 2019-10-03.