Caiazzo
Caiazzo is a city and comune in the province of Caserta (Campania) in Italy. It is located on the right bank of the Volturnus, some 20 kilometres (12 mi) northeast of Capua.
Caiazzo | |
|---|---|
| Comune di Caiazzo | |
 | |
Location of Caiazzo | |
  Caiazzo Location of Caiazzo in Italy  Caiazzo Caiazzo (Campania) | |
| Coordinates: 41°10′40″N 14°21′50″E | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Campania |
| Province | Caserta (CE) |
| Frazioni | San Giovanni e Paolo, Cesarano |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Tommaso Sgueglia |
| Area | |
| • Total | 36 km2 (14 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 200 m (700 ft) |
| Population (31 March 2017)[2] | |
| • Total | 5,547 |
| • Density | 150/km2 (400/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Caiatini |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 81013 |
| Dialing code | 0823 |
| Patron saint | St. Stefano Minicillo |
| Saint day | October 29 |
| Website | http://www.caiazzo.gov.it |
History
The ancient Caiatia was already in the hands of the Romans in 306 BC, and since in the 3rd century BC it issued copper coins with a Latin legend it must have had the civitas sine suffragio. In the Social War it rebelled from Rome, and its territory was added to that of Capua by Sulla. In the imperial period, however, it was once more a municipium.[3]
In the Middle Ages it belonged to the Lombard Duchy of Benevento and the County of Capua. The episcopal see was founded in 966.[3] Later Frederick II established here a Treasure Court. It had a castle which was enlarged by the Angevines and, during the reign of Alfonso V of Aragon, housed his mistress Lucrezia d'Alagno. Later Caiazzo was the fief of numerous baronial families of the Kingdom of Naples.
Caiazzo was the seat of anti-royal rebellions at the times of the Neapolitan Republic, and also housed several Carbonari. Despite this, Caiazzo was one of the few towns in the kingdom whose population sided against Garibaldi's expedition which annexed southern Italy to Piedmont.
During World War II, retreating German troops massacred 22 civilians here.
Main sights
Caiazzo has remains of Cyclopean or polygonal masonry walls, and under the Piazza del Mercato is a large Roman cistern, which for centuries continued to provide a good water supply.[3]
The Lombard castle is still in existence.
References
- "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.
- Chisholm 1911.
Sources
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Caiatia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 948.