Encelia californica

Encelia californica is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name California brittlebush. It is also commonly referred to as California coast sunflower and California bush sunflower.[2]

Encelia californica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Encelia
Species:
E. californica
Binomial name
Encelia californica
Synonyms[1]

Encelia conspersa A.Gray

Distribution

This shrub is native to southern California (U.S.) and northern Baja California (México). It is a member of the coastal sage plant community at the shoreline, and the chaparral and woodlands plant community on inland foothills in the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges.[2][3][4]

Description

Encelia californica is a bushy shrub that reaches between 50–150  cm (20-60 inches) in height. It has many thin branches covered in widely spaced green leaves which are a rounded diamond shape.

The solitary flower heads are daisy like, with 15 to 25 bright yellow ray florets 1 to 3 centimeters long around a center of protruding yellowish to purplish brown disc florets.

The fruit is an achene 5 to 7 millimeters long, with no pappus. It blooms from February to June, and attracts butterflies, bees, and other insects.[5]

Uses

It is a host plant for the larvae of the Bay checkerspot butterfly, a threatened species.

Encelia californica is cultivated by specialty nurseries as an ornamental plant, for use in native plant and wildlife gardens, and natural landscaping projects. It is drought tolerant but not frost tolerant, and needs full sun.

References
  1. The Plant List, Encelia californica Nutt.
  2. Calflora taxon report, University of California, Encelia californica Nutt., California brittlebush, California encelia, bush sunflower
  3. Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  4. Tropicos, specimen listing for Encelia californica Nutt.
  5. Flora of North America Encelia californica Nuttall
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