Callophrys augustinus

Callophrys augustinus
Conservation status
	; Secure (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Lycaenidae
Genus:	Callophrys
Species:	C. augustinus
Binomial name
	Callophrys augustinus; (Westwood, 1852)[2]
Synonyms
	Incisalia augustinus (Westwood, 1852); Thecla augustinus Westwood, 1852; Thecla augustus Kirby, 1837 (preocc. Fabricius, 1793); Deciduphagus augustinus; Thecla iroides Boisduval, 1852; Thecla iroides var. immaculata Cockle, 1910 (preocc. Fuchs, 1891); Incisalia iroides;

Callophrys augustinus, the brown elfin, is butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found from Newfoundland north and west through the northern United States and the prairie provinces to Alaska. To the south it ranges in Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia and northern Alabama, further south through the western mountains to northern Baja California in Mexico.[3] Subspecies iroides is known as the western elfin.

The wingspan is 22–29 mm. Adults are on wing from early May to early June in one generation.[4] They feed on flower nectar from various species, including Vaccinium, Sanicula arctopoides, Lindera, Salix, Barbarea and Prunus americana.

The larvae feed on Ericaceae species, including Vaccinium vacillans and Ledum groenlandicum in the east. They feed on a wide variety of plants in the west, including Arbutus and Cuscuta species. They feed on the flowers and fruits of their host plant. Pupation takes place in the litter at the base of the host plant. Hibernation takes place in the pupal stage.

Subspecies

Callophrys augustinus augustinus
Callophrys augustinus helenae (dos Passos, 1943) (Newfoundland)
Callophrys augustinus croesioides (Scudder, 1876)
Callophrys augustinus iroides (Boisduval, 1852) (British Columbia to California)
Callophrys augustinus annettae (dos Passos, 1943) (New Mexico)
Callophrys augustinus concava Austin, 1998 (Nevada)

References

"NatureServe Explorer 2.0 Callophrys augustinus Brown Elfin". explorer.natureserve.org. Archived from the original on 31 March 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
Incisalia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
"Butterflies and Moths of North America". Archived from the original on 2012-08-26. Retrieved 2011-06-29.
Schmidt, B. C. "Species Details Callophrys augustinus". University of Alberta Museums. E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum. Archived from the original on November 17, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2020.

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[1] "NatureServe Explorer 2.0 Callophrys augustinus Brown Elfin". explorer.natureserve.org. Archived from the original on 31 March 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2020.

[2] Incisalia at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

[3] "Butterflies and Moths of North America". Archived from the original on 2012-08-26. Retrieved 2011-06-29.

[4] Schmidt, B. C. "Species Details Callophrys augustinus". University of Alberta Museums. E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum. Archived from the original on November 17, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2020.