Calothamnus torulosus

Calothamnus torulosus is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is sometimes an erect, sometimes prostrate shrub which has pine-like leaves and usually red, 4-part flowers. It is similar to Calothamnus sanguineus except that it has larger fruiting capsules.

Calothamnus torulosus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Calothamnus
Species:
C. torulosus
Binomial name
Calothamnus torulosus
Synonyms[1]
  • Calothamnus torulosa Schauer orth. var.
  • Calothamnus torulosus Schauer var. torulosus
  • Melaleuca torulosa (Schauer) Craven & R.D.Edwards

Description

Calothamnus torulosus grows to about 0.4 metres (1.3 ft) tall and has leaves that are about 20โ€“50 millimetres (0.8โ€“2 in) long. The leaves are circular in cross section and sometimes have a few scattered hairs.[2][3][4]

The flowers are red or sometimes a shade of green to scarlet.[2] They have 4 petals and 4 claw-like bundles of stamens with the upper 2 claws broad and flat, sometimes joined for part of their length.[3] Unlike some others in the genus, the flowers and fruit are never buried in corky bark.[5][6]

Flowering occurs from September to October[4] and is followed by fruits which are woody, almost spherical capsules. The fruiting capsules have four prominently thickened lobes and are about 15 millimetres (0.6 in) long and wide.[6]

Taxonomy and naming

Calothamnus torulosus was first formally described by Johannes Schauer in 1843 in ''Dissertatio phytographica de Regelia, Beaufortia et Calothamno from a specimen collected "at the top of the hill at the foot of the mountains of the Darling Range, not far from the town Maddington", now a suburb of Perth.[7] The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word torosus, meaning "bulging, muscular, fleshy or lusty".[8]

Distribution and habitat

Calothamnus torulosus occurs from Perth to Eneabba[5] in the Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest and Swan Coastal Plain biogeographic regions,[4] where it grows on sand and rocky soils derived from granite.[9]

Conservation

Calothamnus torulosus is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Department of Parks and Wildlife.[4]

References

  1. "Calothamnus torulosus". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 30 November 2020.
  2. Corrick, Margaret G.; Fuhrer, Bruce A. (2009). Wildflowers of southern Western Australia (3rd ed.). [Kenthurst, N.S.W.]: Rosenberg Publishing. p. 116. ISBN 9781877058844. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  3. Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1867). Flora Australiensis. Vol. 3. London: Lovell Reeve & Co. p. 175. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  4. "Calothamnus torulosus". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  5. Hawkeswood, Trevor J. (1984). "Nine new species of Calothamnus Labill. (Myrtaceae: Leptospermoideae) from Western Australia" (PDF). Nuytsia. 5 (1): 124โ€“125. doi:10.58828/nuy00099. S2CID 89643195. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  6. Eastwood, Alice (1932). "Bottle-brushes in Californian Gardens and Parks". Leaflets of Western Botany. 1: 10. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  7. "Calothamnus torulosus". APNI. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  8. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 634.
  9. Paczkowska, Grazyna; Chapman, Alex R. (2000). The Western Australian flora : a descriptive catalogue. Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. p. 351. ISBN 0646402439.
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