Campanhã railway station

The Campanhã Railway Station (Portuguese: Estação Ferroviária de Campanhã) is a 19th-century railway station in the civil parish of Campanhã, in the municipality of Porto, district of Porto. Opened in 1877,[3] it is connected to the Metro do Porto, and provides access to local commuter trains to Aveiro, Braga, Guimarães and Marco de Canaveses, Intercity and Alfa Pendular trains to Lisbon, inter-regional trains to Valença (which then provide access to Vigo), and the historical train to Pocinho.

Campanhã Railway Station

Estação Ferroviária de Campanhã
Railway Station
The 19th century facade of the railway station in Campanhã
General information
LocationCampanhã, Porto, Portugal
Coordinates41°08′56″N 8°35′07″W
History
Opened21 May 1875 (1875-05-21)
Services
Preceding station Comboios de Portugal Following station
Vila Nova de Gaia Alfa Pendular Famalicão
towards Braga
Vila Nova de Gaia
towards Faro
Alfa Pendular
Terminus
Vila Nova de Gaia Intercidades Famalicão
towards Braga
Trofa
towards Guimarães
Trofa
towards Valença
Terminus
Porto Commuter rail
Guimarães
Covas
Nespereira
Caíde
Pereirinhas
Cuca
Vizela
Lordelo
Braga
Giesteira
Ferreiros
Vila das Aves
Mazagão
Caniços
Aveleda
Santo Tirso
Tadim
Ruilhe
Caíde
Arentim
Meinedo
Couto de
Cambeses
Bustelo
Nine
Penafiel
Louro
Paredes
Mouquim
Oleiros
Famalicão
Irivo
Barrimau
Cête
Esmeriz
Parada
Lousado
Recarei-Sobreira
Trofa
Trancoso
Portela
Terronhas
São Romão
São Martinho
do Campo
São Frutuoso
Valongo
Leandro
Suzão
Travagem
Cabeda
Ermesinde
Águas Santas/
Palmiheira
Rio Tinto
Contumil
Porto-Campanhã
General Torres
Porto-São Bento
Vila Nova de Gaia
Coimbrões
Aveiro
Madalena
Cacia
Valadares
Canelas
Francelos
Salreu
Miramar
Estarreja
Aguda
Avanca
Granja
Válega
Espinho
Ovar
Silvalde
Carvalheira-
Maceda
Paramos
Cortegaça
Esmoriz
Legend
Ramal de Braga/Linha do Minho
Linha do Douro
Linha de Guimarães
Linha do Norte
Source: Official site, January 2019
Porto Metro
Routes[1][2]
Póvoa de Varzim
São Brás
Portas Fronhas
Alto do Pega
Vila do Conde
Santa Clara
Azurara
Árvore
Varziela
Espaço Natureza
Mindelo
Modivas Centro
Modivas Sul
Vilar do Pinheiro
Lidador
Airport interchange Aeroporto
Pedras Rubras
Botica
Verdes
Crestins
Esposade
ISMAI
Custóias
Castêlo da Maia
Mandim
Senhor de Matosinhos
Zona Industrial
Mercado
Fórum da Maia
Brito Capelo
Parque da Maia
Matosinhos Sul
Câmara de Matosinhos
Custió
Parque Real
Araújo
Pedro Hispano
Pias
Estádio do Mar
Cândido dos Reis
Vasco da Gama
Fonte do Cuco
Senhora da Hora
Sete Bicas
Hospital de São João
Viso
IPO
Ramalde
Pólo Universitário
Francos
Salgueiros
Casa da Música
Combatentes
Carolina Michaëlis
Marquês
Lapa
Faria Guimarães
Trindade
Heritage streetcar Aliados
Bolhão
Funicular Mainline rail interchangeHeritage streetcar São Bento
Campo 24 de Agosto
Heroismo
Jardim do Morro
Campanhã Mainline rail interchange
Mainline rail interchange General Torres
Estádio do Dragão
Câmara de Gaia
Contumil Mainline rail interchange
João de Deus
Nasoni
D. João II
Nau Vitória
Santo Ovídio
Levada
Rio Tinto Mainline rail interchange
Campainha
de Baguim
de Carreira
Venda Nova
de Fânzeres

Line A • Line B • Line Bx
Line C • Line D • Line E • Line F

History

The tender notice issued in 1877 for the exploration of the rail service concession at the Railway Station of Pinehro
A zincography design of the Campanhã station in 1835
A view of the platform and passengers waiting at the updated Campanhã station (1899)

The first plan for a station was presented in 1860, to be built in Esteiro de Campanhã and that connected the Douro line to Minho, through an extension that follows the Campanhã valley to the branches along the Rio Tinto.[4] Initially designated, the Estação de caminho de ferro do Pinheiro (Pinheiro Railway Station), the station at Campanhã was designated for lands occupied by the estates of Quinta do Pinheiro and Quintas do Valado.[4]

In 1872, the current layout was definitively set by Manuel Afonso Espregueira, Pedro Inácio Lopes and Alexandre Eiffel.[4] Manuel Afonso de Espregueira, from Viana do Castelo, had a licentiate degree in mathematics from the University of Coimbra, and completed courses in infantry and general staff at the Escola do Exército (Military School).[4] Later he attended the École Imperiale des Ponts et Chaussées, in Paris, where he was one of the better students and colleague of other important people, such as Sadi Carnot (later President of the French Republic.[4] In 1880, he abandoned the army and entered the public service (specifically the Ministry of Public Works) where he held various positions and was part of several projects (such as artificial port of Leixões, improvements to the Barra do Porto and Figueira da Foz, among others). He was a director of the first Divisão Hidráulica do Reino (Hydraulic Division of the Kingdom) that was responsible for ports and inlets along the area north of the Mondego, except Aveiro.[4]

Between 1872 and 1885, Manuel Afonso de Espregueira, was director general for the Companhia Real dos Caminhos-de-ferro (Royal Railway Company), but in 1874, he was responsible for the elaboration of the general plan, that included all the lines that crossed the Douro and Norte region.[4]

By 1875, the first trains began to run along the northern Douro, between Pinheiro-Campanhã and Braga. On 28 April, they began work on the "Eiffel Bridge", projected by Seyrig from the Eiffel School of Paris.[4]

An accord was established between the government and the Royal on 15 September 1875, to begin the construction of the railway station.[4] On 4 November 1877, following diverse vicissitudes during the construction, the inauguration, along with that of the Bridge D. Maria Pia was celebrated, with the presence of King D. Luís and Queen D. Maria Pia.[4] The first train arrived the railway station from São Bento in 1896.[4]

In 1923, Cottinelli Telmo in partnership with Luís da Cunha, authored the first project plan to construct a dormitory for railway personnel, but was never executed.[4] A second version, which was submitted in 1925, was approved. Between 1943 and 1945, Cottinelli Telmo expanded the construction by building a warehouse for foodstuffs.[4]

By decree 104/97, the management of the railways was entrusted to a new company, the Rede Ferroviária Nacional (National Railway) in 1997.[4]

Commemorations celebrating the Portuguese railway system's 150 years were celebrated at Campanhã in 2006.[4]

Architecture

A view of the Largo da Estação and Campanhã station
A view of the rail platform and rear facade

The station is situated in an isolated space, implanted on level terrain, on the eastern end of the city of Porto, along the right margin of the Douro River.[4] The principal facade is exposed to the Largo da Estação towards the urban centre of Campanhã, and its rear towards the railway lines and departure platforms. In actuality it is a central station to the city.[4]

The station includes, not only the passenger terminal, but also some support buildings, with sanitary installations, covered wharfs and carriage house. The main building has a rectangular plan, that comprises five bodies, that occupy a linear tract.[4] The rectangular, two-story, central corp is slightly extended from the main body, and flanked by the lateral, single-story wings, that extend to another two lateral sections.[4] The facades are plastered and painted in white, along with the frames and bunting, while the pilasters, decorative friezes and cornices are in granite.[4]

All first-story facades are broken by rounded windows or doorways, interspersed by pilasters and ionic capitals, while similar motifs are included in the upper floor of the central block.[4] This facade (oriented to the west) is divided into five sections, with the central partially section decorated in granite, with split silhouettes, while the floors are separated by friezes and cornices, this topped by elaborate friezes along the second floor, punctuated by three central inscriptions PORTO - CAMPANHÃ - PORTO and a minor inscription under the cornice: REFER.[4] The frontispiece integrates a circular clock, flanked by fins, and finished in semicircular pediment with wide phytomorphic key.[4] On the ground floor there are three perfect, molded back porticos, with flagstone integrated with two windows on each side.[4] On the upper floors there are six balcony windows, surrounded by rectangular frame and topped by cornice, protected by stone balusters (on the central section) and iron railings on the sides.[4] The intermediate sections are torn by six spans identical to those on the ground floor of the central facade.[4]

The facades of the lateral bodies, are broken by two windows and central door (at ground floor) and three balcony windows (on the upper floor). The lateral facades with identical layout, has a visible mezzanine between the two floors, while underneath the frieze is a blue-and-white azulejo panel, with the inscription PORTO CAMPANHÃ.[4]

The rear facade is symmetrically-broken by numerous spans of identical composition, with a full-length porch, resting on the cornice and iron pillars resting on granite plinths, supported by the boarding platform.[4]

Service

Campanhã station is one of two railway stations in Porto, with the other being the São Bento (the city centre terminus station for local trains and passenger service to the north, including the Douro line). All Comboios de Portugal (CP) services operate through Campanhã, including other services such as the Alfa Pendular high speed trains and Inter Cidades (inter-city) suburban trains, which continue on to São Bento. Suburban trains coming from General Torres reverse here and continue to São Bento.

Porto Metro station

Campanhã
Porto Metro station
General information
LocationCampanhã, Porto
Portugal
Line(s)
Platforms2 side platforms
Tracks2
Construction
Structure typeAt Grade
AccessibleYes
History
Opened5 June 2004
Services
Preceding station   Porto Metro   Following station
Heroísmo
toward Senhor de Matosinhos
  Line A   Estádio do Dragão
Terminus
Heroísmo
toward Póvoa de Varzim
  Line B  
Heroísmo
toward ISMAI
  Line C   Terminus
Heroísmo
toward Senhora da Hora
  Line F   Estádio do Dragão
toward Fânzeres

Campanhã is an integral line within the Metro do Porto, except Line D; all these services route through the station. Campanhã is also the terminal hub of Line C, which connects the station to ISMAI (Instituto Universitário da Maia). Passenger trams stopping at Campanhã allow offload to other routes, but farther beyond the terminal station for visitors to the Estádio do Dragão and railyard.

References

Notes

  1. Official Timetable 2012-2013
  2. UrbanRail.net
  3. "In and around the station: Estação de Campanhã". CP. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  4. Filipe, Ana (2009), SIPA (ed.), Estação Ferroviária de Campanhã (IPA.00023030/PT011312030368) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 9 April 2017

Sources

  • Martins, João Paulo (1995), Cottinelli Telmo. A Obra do Arquitecto (1897-1948). Dissertação de mestrado em História da Arte (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: FCSH/University of Lisbon
  • Ramos, Luís A. de Oliveira (1994), História do Porto (in Portuguese), Porto, Portugal: Porto Editora
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