Serow
The serows (/səˈroʊ/ or /ˈsɛroʊ/) are four species of medium-sized goat-like or antelope-like mammals of the genus Capricornis. All four species of serow were until recently also classified under Naemorhedus, which now only contains the gorals.
| Serow[1] | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Mainland serow (Capricornis sumatraensis) at Dusit Zoo, Bangkok, Thailand. | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Bovidae |
| Subfamily: | Caprinae |
| Tribe: | Ovibovini |
| Genus: | Capricornis Ogilby, 1837 |
| Type species | |
| Antilope thar[1] Hodgson, 1831 | |
| Species | |
|
Capricornis crispus | |
Extant species
This genus has been studied and organized a number of times. In 2005, Mammal Species of the World 3rd ed. listed six different species (C. crispus, C. milneedwardsii, C. rubidus, C. sumatraensis, C. swinhoei, and C. thar), with two subspecies of C. milneedwardsii.[1] The current consensus are the following four species, with milneedwardsii and thar demoted to subspecies of C. sumatraensis:[2]
| Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
 | Capricornis crispus | Japanese serow | Honshu, Kyushu, and Shikoku in Japan |
| Capricornis sumatraensis | Mainland serow | Eastern Himalayas, eastern and southeastern Bangladesh, China, Southeast Asia, and on the Indonesian island of Sumatra |
 | Capricornis rubidus | Red serow | southern Bangladesh and northern Myanmar |
 | Capricornis swinhoei | Taiwan serow | Taiwan |
Serows live in central and eastern Asia. Their coloration varies by species, region, and individual. Both sexes have beards and small horns which are often shorter than their ears.
Like their smaller relatives the gorals, serows are often found grazing on rocky hills, though typically at a lower elevation when one species of each share territory. Serows are slower and less agile than gorals, but they nevertheless can climb slopes to escape predation, and to take shelter during cold winters or hot summers. Serows, unlike gorals, make use of their preorbital glands in scent marking.
Fossils of serow-like animals date as far back as the late Pliocene, two to seven million years ago. The common ancestor species of the Caprinae subfamily may have been very similar to modern serows.
The serow subfamily population as a whole is considered endangered. Most serow species are included in the red list of IUCN with decreasing populations. The Japanese serow is better protected than the other sub-species of serows.[3][4][5][6]
References
- Grubb, P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 703–705. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. OCLC 62265494.
- Phan, T.D.; Nijhawan, S.; Li, S. & Xiao, L. (2020). "Capricornis sumatraensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162916735A162916910. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T162916735A162916910.en. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
- Shepard, C. (2022) [amended version of 2021 assessment]. "Capricornis rubidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2022: e.T3815A214430673. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T3815A214430673.en. Retrieved 31 August 2022.
- Tokida, K. (2020). "Capricornis crispus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T3811A22151909. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T3811A22151909.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- Chiang, P.J.; Pei, K.J-C. (2008). "Capricornis swinhoei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T3810A10096148. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T3810A10096148.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- Phan, T.D.; Nijhawan, S.; Li, S. & Xiao, L. (2020). "Capricornis sumatraensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162916735A162916910. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T162916735A162916910.en. Retrieved 16 January 2022.
External links
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). 1911.