Capros aper

The boarfish (Capros aper) is a species of fish in the family Caproidae, the only known member of its genus. Its scientific name is from Greek κᾰ́προς (kapros) and Latin aper, both meaning "wild boar."[3]

For other fish called boarfish, see Boarfish (disambiguation).

Boarfish
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Caproiformes
Family: Caproidae
Genus: Capros
Lacépède, 1802
Species:
C. aper
Binomial name
Capros aper

Description

Capros aper commonly reaches a length of about 13 cm in males, with a maximum length of about 30 cm.[3] The weight reaches about 85 g. The female is larger than male. This fish has large eyes, a quite long snout, and a very protractile mouth that forms a short tube when extended.[3]

The general form of the body can be defined as rhombic, quite deep, and compressed. The dorsal fin is unique, the caudal fin is rather large and spatulated with a convex edge, the ventral fins are very large and have a thorny spine, and the pectoral fins are quite small.

The color of the body is reddish orange, sometimes with three wide darker bands, one behind the eye, one in the center of the body, and one on the caudal peduncle. During the breeding season, sexual dimorphism is striking; the male's body is covered with sinuous orange lines and the dorsal and ventral fins become red, while the female is orange with a faint dark band in the middle of the body and has belly and basal part of the ventral fins white silver, and the final part of the ventral fins is rather dark orange. It feeds on crustaceans, especially copepods and mysid shrimps, or on molluscs and worms.

Distribution

This species is widespread in the Eastern Atlantic, from western Norway, Skagerrak, Shetland, and western Scotland to Senegal. It is also present in the Mediterranean, especially in the western part.

Habitat

Capros aper usually lives close to the floor of the sea (demersal), mainly on muddy bottoms or near rocky bottoms or coral. It forms numerous herds at a certain distance from the substrate, but occasionally it can reach a depth of about 700 m, especially at night.[3]

References
  1. Smith-Vaniz, W.F.; de Bruyne, G.; de Morais, L.; Carpenter, K.E. (2015). "Capros aper". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T198557A21910115. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T198557A21910115.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. "WoRMS taxon details—Capros aper (Linnaeus, 1758)". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
  3. "Capros aper (Linnaeus, 1758)". FishBase. Retrieved 11 January 2013.
  • Joseph S. Nelson, Fishes of the World, John Wiley & Sons, 2006
  • Costa F. Atlante dei pesci dei mari italiani Mursia 1991 ISBN 88-425-1003-3
  • Louisy P., Trainito E. Guida all'identificazione dei pesci marini d'Europa e del Mediterraneo. Milano, Il Castello, 2006. ISBN 88-8039-472-X
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