Bromelia

Bromelia is a genus of about 70 plant species widespread across Latin America and the West Indies.[1] It is the type genus of the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae, and its type species is B. karatas. Bromelia species are characterized by flowers with a deeply cleft calyx. The genus is named after the Swedish medical doctor and botanist Olof Bromelius (1639-1705).

Bromelia
Bromelia karatas
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Bromeliaceae
Subfamily: Bromelioideae
Genus: Bromelia
L.
Type species
Bromelia karatas
Synonyms[1]
  • Karatas Mill.
  • Pinguin Adans.
  • Psedomelia Neck.
  • Agallostachys Beer
  • Distiacanthus Linden
  • Deinacanthon Mez

Species

ImageScientific nameDistribution
Bromelia agavifolia Brongniart ex HoulletFrench Guiana
Bromelia alsodes H. St. Johnfrom Sinaloa south to Nicaragua
Bromelia alta L.B. SmithGuyana and Suriname
Bromelia antiacantha BertoloniBrazil, Uruguay
Bromelia araujoi P.J.Braun, Esteves & ScharfMaranhão
Bromelia arenaria UleBrazil (Bahia)
Bromelia arubaiensis P.L. Ibisch & R. VásquezBolivia
Bromelia auriculata L.B. SmithCeará
Bromelia balansae Mez Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay
Bromelia binotii E. Morren ex MezBrazil (Espírito Santo)
Bromelia braunii Leme & E. EstevesTocantins
Bromelia charlesii P.J.Braun, Esteves & ScharfBrazil (Bahia)
Bromelia chrysantha JacquinVenezuela, Colombia, Trinidad & Tobago
Bromelia dilatata Esteves, Hofacker & ScharfMato Grosso
Bromelia eitenorum L.B. SmithMaranhão
Bromelia epiphytica L.B. SmithBrazil (Amazonas)
Bromelia estevesii LemeBrazil (Piauí)
Bromelia exigua MezBrazil (Goiás)
Bromelia flemingii I. Ramírez & CarnevaliAragua of Veenzuela
Bromelia fosteriana L.B. SmithSuriname
Bromelia fragilis L.B. SmithColombia
Bromelia glaziovii MezBrazil (Minas Gerais and Goiás)
Bromelia goeldiana L.B. SmithVenezuela and Brazil
Bromelia goyazensis MezBrazil (Goiás)
Bromelia grandiflora MezBrazil
Bromelia granvillei L.B. Smith & GoudaFrench Guiana
Bromelia gurkeniana E. Pereira & MoutinhoBrazil
Bromelia hemisphaerica Lam.from Guanajuato south to Panama
Bromelia hieronymi MezBolivia, Paraguay, Argentina
Bromelia horstii RauhBrazil (Mato Grosso)
Bromelia humilis JacquinVenezuela, Trinidad & Tobago, Netherlands Antilles
Bromelia ignaciana R. Vásquez & P.L. IbischBolivia
Bromelia interior L.B. SmithBrazil
Bromelia irwinii L.B. SmithGoiás
Bromelia karatas LinnaeusWest Indies; Latin America from San Luis Potosí + Sinaloa south to Brazil
Bromelia laciniosa Martius ex Schultes f.Brazil and Argentina
Bromelia lagopus MezBrazil
Bromelia legrellae (E. Morren) MezBrazil (Pará)
Bromelia lindevaldae Leme & E. EstevesBrazil (Bahia)
Bromelia macedoi L.B. SmithBrazil (Goiás)
Bromelia michaelii Esteves, Hofacker & ScharfBrazil (Goiás)
Bromelia minima Leme & E. EstevesBrazil (Goiás)
Bromelia morreniana (Regel) Meznorthern Brazil
Bromelia nidus-puellae (André) André ex MezColombia
Bromelia oliveirae L.B. SmithBrazil (Pará)
Bromelia palmeri Mezfrom Colima south to Oaxaca
Bromelia pinguin LinnaeusWest Indies; from Mexico to Ecuador and Suriname; naturalized in Florida
Bromelia poeppigii MezPeru
Bromelia redoutei (Baker) L.B. SmithGuatemala.
Bromelia regnellii MezBrazil
Bromelia reversacantha MezBrazil (Goiás)
Bromelia rondoniana L.B. SmithRondônia
Bromelia scarlatina (hortus ex Hérincq) E. MorrenEcuador and Brazil
Bromelia serra GrisebachBrazil, French Guiana, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina
Bromelia superba MezJamaica
Bromelia sylvicola S. MooreBrazil (Mato Grosso)
Bromelia tarapotina UlePeru
Bromelia trianae MezColombia
Bromelia tubulosa L.B. SmithVenezuela and Brazil
Bromelia unaensis Leme & ScharfBrazil (Bahia)
Bromelia urbaniana (Mez) L.B.Sm.Paraguay and Argentina
Bromelia villosa MezBolivia and Brazil

Cultivation and uses

The resistant fiber obtained from B. serra and B. hieronymi, both known as chaguar, is an essential component of the economy of the Wichí tribe in the semi-arid Gran Chaco region of Argentina. An 1841 publication described the fiber of silk grass (Bromelia karata) as "equal in durability to our best bowstrings."[2]

References

  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. Sir Robert Hermann Schomburgk; Sir William Jardine; Andrew Crichton (1841). The Natural History of the Fishes of Guiana. W. H. Lizars. p. 102.


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