Central Motion Picture Corporation

Central Motion Picture Corporation (中影股份有限公司, CMPC), also known as Zhong Ying (中影) was established in 1954. It was formed through the merger of the Agricultural Education Film Company and Taiwan Film Company. Like China Television Company and China Broadcasting Corporation, it was operated under the party of Kuomintang (KMT) as well as the government.

During its early years, CMPC's film production and activities were closely linked to the government’s policies. In 1974, CMPC constructed the largest professional outdoor shooting base in Asia at the time, called Central Pictures Culture City (中影文化城). With its professional film production talents and facilities, CMPC produced many notable films and was the only comprehensive film production company in Taiwan.

In 2005, CMPC was privatized under the Chen Shui-Bian administration. KMT withdrew from CMPC's controlling ownership. In 2006, Guo Tai-Qiang (郭台強) became the chairman of CMPC. He revitalized the original film resources and restored the existing film post-production center by upgrading to digital photography, Dolby recording, digital editing, and digital printing. CMPC operates four cinemas throughout Taiwan, including Blossom Cinema (梅花數位影院), Pin-tung Cinema (屏東影城), Taipei Wonderful Theatre (台北真善美劇院), and Tainan Wonderful Theatre. (台南真善美劇院). Its film and television production studio is still in operation, while its CMPC Cultural and Creative Park closed in 2015.

History

Taiwan Film Corporation Limited.

Nineteen movie theaters run by the Japanese were put under the supervision of the Propaganda Committee of the Taiwan Provincial Administration after WWII when Taiwan was returned to the Republic of China. After the Taiwan Provincial Government was established in May 1947, these movie theaters were taken over by the KMT's Taiwan Provincial Party Branch to, adding one more theater, form Taiwan Film Corporation on October 1, 1947. Its main business was the operation of movie theaters and the distribution of films. On November 13, 1953, Taiwan Film Corporation completed the official registration as a company.

Agricultural Education Film Company

The Agricultural Education Film Company was established in March, 1946, with the aim of promoting education assisted by electrical devices in the countryside and improving the knowledge level of farmers. Its headquarter was located in Chongqing, and its production studio was in Nanjing outside the Taiping Gate. The headquarter was moved to Nanjing in May, only to be relocated again to Taipei, Taiwan in August, 1949. The production studio was rebuilt in the eastern district of Taichung City, which was originally the residence of Matsuo Okawa, the president of Taiwan News during the Japanese colonial period.[1] In November, 1950, Agricultural Education Film Company began its film production and made its first feature film, Nightmare Awakening (惡夢初醒), in collaboration with the China Film Studio (中國電影製片廠).[2] Mr. Chiang Ching-kuo, Chian Kai-shek’s elder son and the chairman at that time, personally presided over the opening ceremony at the Taichung studio.[3]

Central Motion Picture Corporation (CMPC)

The Agricultural Education Film Company and Taiwan Film Corporation (台灣電影文化公司) merged on September 1, 1954, to form the Central Motion Picture Corporation (CMPC) hoping to support domestic film production with boxoffice revenue. Tai An-Kang (戴安國) served as the first chairman, and Li Yeh (李葉) as the first president. Later that year, CMPC released its debut feature film, By the Hillside (梅崗春回), followed by its first commissioned film Shan Di Gu Niang (山地姑娘) on October 1, 1955. CMPC began accepting commissions to shoot Taiwanese language films (台語片)  in 1956, such as Craving for the Spring Wind (望春風).[3] CMPC Taichung studio unfortunately was burnt down on July 17, 1959, when the Sanyuan Film Company was shooting there.[4] Consequently, CMPC decided to build a new studio in Shihlin, Taipei in 1960.[5]

CMPC's initial foray into color film production began with the production of Oyster Girl (蚵女) in 1963, which earned the Best Drama Award at the Asian Film Festival. This film not only marked the inception of CMPC's healthy realism approach (健康寫實主義) but also paved the way for a new era in Taiwan cinema and presented a fresh cultural identity to the global audience.[6] In 1972, Gu Zhen-Fu (辜振甫) became the chairman and planned to establish CMPC Studio (中影文化城). In January 1975, CMPC Studio was completed, occupying an area of 16,000 square meters. It was the largest professional outdoor shooting base in Asia at that time.[7]

CMPC made a series of patriotic films in the 1970s, when Taiwan suffered devastating setbacks of foreign relations, such as being expelled from the United Nations in 1975. Most of these films depict national heroes or heroic actions taken by soldiers or ordinary people against the Japanese during WWII, such as Everlasting Glory (英烈千秋; 1974), Victory (梅花; 1976), and Eight Hundred Heroes (八百壯士; 1976).

Starting in 1982, CMPC began to produce small-budgeted films about contemporary life instead of genre films. Films such as In Our Time (光陰的故事; 1982), That Day on the Beach (海灘的一天; 1983), Growing Up (小畢的故事; 1983), The Sandwichman (兒子的大玩偶; 1983), and Looking out at the Sea (看海的日子; 1984), etc, and helped create the new wave of New Taiwan Cinema (臺灣新電影).

Present

In 2005, the KMT party sold its shares of China Film Corporation. Starting from 2006, Guo Taiqiang was the chairman of the new CMPC and restored the post-production center. In 2009, CMPC changed its Chinese name to 中影股份有限公司. It placed all of its 947 films to the Chinese Taipei Film Archive for preservation.[3] It invested in and produced many films, including Jump Ashin! (翻滾吧！阿信; 2011), Seediq Bale (賽德克‧巴萊; 2011), Girlfriend Boyfriend (女朋友‧男朋友; 2012), The Great Hypnotist (總鋪師; 2013), KANO (2014), and The Assassin (刺客聶隱娘; 2015).

In July 2019, the former Taiwan Film Culture City located in Wufeng District, Taichung City, was transformed into the "Central Taiwan Film and TV Base," which became the largest indoor soundstage and the only water shooting base in Taiwan. It is operated by the Taichung City Government through a public-private partnership, with China Film Corporation acquiring 15-year operation rights.

On August 23, 2021, China Film Corporation and the Ill-gotten Party Assets Settlement Committee signed an administrative settlement agreement. China Film Corporation paid NT$950 million to the government for the understated assets of the company when it was sold in 2005. The copyrights of the 330 Taiwan films it owned were transferred to National Development Council (國家發展委員會) and then donated to Taiwan Film and Audiovisual Institute in 2023.[8]

Company Management
Chairman
No. Name (Chinese/ English) In Terms Notes Ref.
1st 戴安國 Dai, An-Guo 1953-1959 Agricultural Education Film Company underwent a reorganization. [9]
2nd 沈錡 Shen, Qi 1959-1961
3rd 蔡孟堅 Tsai, Meng-Jian 1961-1963 Promotes cooperation between CMPC and Japanese cinema. [10]
4th 沈劍虹 Shen, Jian-Hong 1963-1965
5th 胡健中 Hu, Chien-Chung 1965-1972
6th 辜振甫 Gu, Zhen-Fu 1972-1999 Established CMPC Studio.
7th 葉潛昭 Yeh, Qian-Zhao 1999-2006 [11]
8th 蔡正元 Tsai, Zheng-Yuan 2006-2007
9th 林麗珍 Lin, Li-Zhen 2007-2009
10th 郭台強 Guo, Tai-Qiang 2009-
General Manager
No. Name (Chinese/ English) In Terms[12] Notes Ref.
1st 李葉 Li, Ye 1953-1958 Shortly after assuming office, Li Ye went to Hong Kong and brought back to Taiwan the 35mm film equipment that had been ordered from the United States in 1949. [9]
2nd 王星舟 Wang, Shin-Jou 1958-1959
3rd 李潔 Li, Jie 1959-1963
4th 龔弘 Gong Hong 1963-1972 CMPC began filming healthy realistic films and Qiong Yao Pian. [13]
5th 梅長齡 Mei Chang-ling 1972-1977
6th 明驥 Ming Chi 1977-1984
7th 林登飛 Lin Teng-fei 1984-1990
8th 江奉琪 Jiang Feng-chyi 1990-1995
9th 徐立功 Hsu Li-kong 1995-1996
10th 邱順清 Chiu Shun-ching 1996-2010
11th 林坤煌 Lin Kun-huang 2010-

Central Motion Picture Corporation

References
  1. 國家電影及視聽文化中心. "農教台中製片廠大門". 臺灣影視聽數位博物館.
  2. 台灣省電影製片廠影片總目錄 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 臺北: 台灣省電影製片廠. 1984. p. 5.
  3. "重要記事". 中影股份有限公司. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  4. 國家電影及視聽文化中心. "魔窟殺子報". 臺灣影視聽數位博物館.
  5. "中影士林新廠 今舉行開工典禮". 臺灣民生日報. 1960-11-07.
  6. 國家電影及視聽文化中心. "蚵女". 臺灣影視聽數位博物館 (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  7. 李秉芳 (2021-08-24). "中影與黨產會和解：給付國庫9.5億、影片著作權讓與國有，不當黨產一筆勾銷". The News Lens 關鍵評論網 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  8. 國家發展委員會 (2023-01-01). "促轉基金捐贈原中影公司影片資產 影視聽中心接續典存發揮價值". 國家發展委員會. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  9. 國家電影及視聽文化中心. "農教攝影師與攝影機". 開放博物館 (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  10. 李, 政亮 (2022-03-17). "【影像內外】中影首部台日合作電影《秦始皇帝》始末". 想想論壇 (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  11. 江, 元慶 (2000-01-12). "投資套牢？中影掏空？葉潛昭反駁". 聯合報.
  12. 宇, 業熒 (2002). 璀璨光影歲月：中央電影公司紀事. 臺北: 中央電影事業股份有限公司.
  13. 陳, 天民 (2021-01-08). "中影公司新任董事長沈劍虹與總經理龔弘". 國家文化記憶庫 Taiwan Cultural Memory Bank (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2023-06-29.


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