Zentralstadion (1956)

Central Stadium (German: Zentralstadion, pronounced [tsɛnˈtra:lˈʃta:di̯ɔn] ⓘ) was a stadium with a capacity of 120,000 in Leipzig which was initially used for matches of SC Rotation Leipzig.

This article is about the stadium in Leipzig from 1956 to 2000. For the new stadium, see Red Bull Arena (Leipzig). For other uses, see Central Stadium.
Zentralstadion
Full nameZentralstadion
Former namesFrankfurter Wiesen
Stadion der Hunderttausend
Sportforum Leipzig[1]
LocationLeipzig, Germany
Coordinates51°20′44.86″N 12°20′53.59″E
OwnerGerman Democratic Republic
OperatorLeipzig
Capacity120,000[2]
Record attendance100,000 (SC Rotation Leipzig - SC Lokomotive Leipzig, 9 September 1956)
Construction
Built4 March 1955 (1955-03-04)
Opened4 August 1956 (1956-08-04)
Closed2000
DemolishedSeats, fences and floodlights only
Construction cost$9 million
Architect
  • Werner March (sketch)
  • Eitel Jackowski (complete)
  • Heinz Schütze (complete)[1]
  • Rudolf Lossner (buildings)[3]
Project managerWalter Ulbricht
Tenants
Deutscher Turn- und Sportbund
DHfK Leipzig
VfB Leipzig (1992–1995)
Trade Sports- Associations of sports societies in the GDR

About 1.5 million cubic metres of debris from the World War II bombing of Leipzig was used in the stadium's construction. Its name derives from the Soviet "Central Stadium".

Background

After the 1896 Summer Olympics, the city of Leipzig began to plan a stadium. The Zentralstadion was built first for the sports students in the Sportforum Leipzig, with a capacity of 100,000. Next to it was an Olympic-style swimming stadium. After the sports university, rowing channel and the swimming stadium were established, plans were made for a new stadium downtown; Leipzig wanted to be awarded the Olympic Games. Blueprints by architect Werner March, the architect of Berlin's Olympiastadion, were used. Finishing the plan took 15 months, with 180,000 volunteers. Walter Ulbricht called the stadium "Stadion der Hunderttausend" (Stadium of 100,000), and made it the home of the German Gym and Sports Celebrations.

Construction

Part of Sports Forum Leipzig
Children and adults pushing a rail car full of earth
Volunteers moving earth for the stadium in 1952

After the War of the Fourth Coalition, educators Ernst Moritz Arndt and Friedrich Ludwig Jahn wanted German national sports celebrations to train the Lützow Free Corps to defend against the French.[4] Leipzig became one of the wealthiest cities in Germany, with a number of sports festivals; the only larger sports gathering was the 1936 Summer Olympics. Leader Walter Ulbricht wanted a national-class stadium to commemorate the 100,000 fallen soldiers in the Battle of Leipzig.[5]

Free German Youth regional leader Heinz Haferkorn was tasked with finding 200 volunteers per day,[6] and work on the stadium began on August 2, 1955. To save money, debris from the 1945 bombings was used. Its architect of record was Karl Souradny, who only completed the ground drawings and never visited the site.[6] A total of 180,000 volunteers worked for 735,992 hours on the stadium, which cost M28 million (DM5.6 million).[3] A small train brought debris to the stadium, which was mixed with ash, soil and water and compressed into bricks.[7]

Replacement

In 1990, due to riots in other European countries and in Leipzig's Alfred-Kunze-Sportpark, access to Zentralstadion was banned to reduce further rioting.[8] The bell in the stadium's Werner Seelenbinder Tower was silenced.[9]

Due to the rising maintenance costs, the city decided to build a smaller, soccer-only stadium in 1997. According to critics, Berlin's similar-size Olympiastadion was renovated at the same time and the Zentralstadion could have been saved. Germany won the right to host the 2006 FIFA World Cup in 2000, prompting renovation of many German soccer-specific stadiums (including the Olympiastadion).

  • Steam locomotive moving earth
    Moving construction material
  • See caption
    Aerial photo in 1956
  • Clock tower at the front of the stadium
    The Werner Seelenbinder clock tower
  • The Zentralstadion packed with spectators on 4 August 1956
    The Zentralstadion packed with spectators on 4 August 1956
  • The main entrance
    The main entrance
  • See caption
    Model of the Sportsforums

International Soccer Matches of the East Germany national football team

Between 1957 and 2004, all matches were broadcast by the Deutscher Fernsehfunk and later Eurosport. 2,812,000 visitors came to the matches in all. The Soviet Union was the team with the most matches as foreign team here. The average of the visitor numbers is 63,909 without club team matches, Spartakiade and the East German Sports Festival. The East Germany national team won 20 matches with 13 drawns and 10 defeats. One match was hosted as national stadium for Poland. 21 matches took place as qualifying matches. 23 matches were exhibition matches.[10]

Date Local time Home Final score (halftime score) Visitor Game type Attendance
1957-05-19**:**Germany East Germany2:1 (1:1) Goals scored:Charles (WAL) 6', Wirth (GDR) 21', Tröger (GDR) 61′Wales Wales1958 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Nikolay Latyshev Soviet Union105,000[11]
1957-10-27**:**Germany East Germany1:4 (1:3) Goals scored: Kraus (TCH) 4′, Moravčík (TCH) 23', Müller (GDR) 23′, Novák (TCH) 43', Kraus (TCH) 88′Czech Republic Czechoslovakia1958 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Pierre Schwinte France110,000[12]
1957-11-09**:**Poland Poland0:2 (0:1) Goals scored: Streltsov (URS) 31′, Fiedosov (URS) 75′Soviet Union Soviet Union1958 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Clough John Harold England110,000[13][14]
1958-09-14**:**Germany East Germany3:2 (1:1) Goals scored: Schröter (GDR) 25′, Penalty Constantin (ROU) 27′, Penalty Assmy (GDR) 57′, Ene (ROU) 61′, Wirth (GDR) 76′Romania RomaniaExhibition match – Referee: Nikolai Balakin Soviet Union60,000
1958-11-02**:**Germany East Germany4:1 (2:1) Goals scored: Assmy (GDR) 4′, Müller (GDR) 12′, Hennum (NOR) 42′, Schröter (GDR) 56′, Müller (GDR) 65′Norway NorwayExhibition match – Referee: Antonín Vrbovec Czech Republic60,000[15]
1959-08-12**:**Germany East Germany2:1 (2:0) Goals scored: Schröter (GDR) 3′, Franz (GDR) 44′, Kadraba (TCH) 53′Czechoslovakia CzechoslovakiaExhibition match – Referee: Nikolai Latychev Soviet Union100,000[13][16]
1960-08-17**:**East Germany East Germany0:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Ponedelnik (URS) 75′Soviet Union USSRExhibition match – Referee: Josef Stoll Austria70,000[17]
1961-05-14**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Groot (NED) 63′, Erler (GDR) 80′Netherlands Netherlands1962 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Carl Jorgensen Denmark70,000[18]
1961-05-14**:**East Germany East Germany4:1 (2:1) Goals scored: Schröter (GDR) 8′, Madsen (DEN) 20′, Ducke (GDR) 29′, Schröter (GDR) 56′, Schröter (GDR) 88′Denmark DenmarkExhibition match – Referee: Józef Kowal Poland30,000[19]
1961-05-14**:**East Germany East Germany2:2 (0:2) Goals scored: Zambata (YUG) 20′, Jerković (YUG) 43′, Wirth (GDR) 45′, Schröter (GDR) 52′Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia YugoslaviaExhibition match – Referee: Václav Korelus Czechoslovakia35,000[20][21]
1964-05-23**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (?:?) Goals scored: ? (GDR) ?′, ? (URS) ?′Soviet Union USSRExhibition match – Referee: ?80,000
1965-05-23**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (1:1) Goals scored: Vogel (GDR) 17′, Bene (HUN) 28′Hungary Hungary1966 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Fredrik Johansson Sweden110,000[22]
1965-10-31**:**East Germany East Germany1:0 (1:0) Goals scored: Nöldner (GDR) 1′Austria AUT1966 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Samuel Carswell Northern Ireland95,000
1966-04-27**:**East Germany East Germany4:1 (3:1) Goals scored: Ducke (GDR) 2′, Nöldner (GDR) 23′, Kindvall (SWE) 43′, Frenzel (GDR) 57′Sweden SwedenExhibition match – Referee: Laurens van Ravens Netherlands50,000[23]
1966-07-02**:**East Germany East Germany5:2 (2:0) Goals scored: Nöldner (GDR) 3′, Frenzel (GDR) 44′, Tobar (CHI) 62′, Vogel (GDR) 72′, Fräßdorf (GDR) 79′, Marcos (CHI) 81′, Geisler (GDR) 86′Chile ChileExhibition match – Referee: Per Engblom Finland45,000[24]
1967-04-05**:**East Germany East Germany4:3 (0:2) Goals scored: Mulder (NED) 10′, Keizer (NED) 12′, Vogel (GDR) 50′, Frenzel (GDR) 62′, Keizer (NED) 65′, Frenzel (GDR) 69′, Frenzel (GDR) 85′Netherlands NetherlandsUEFA Euro 1968 qualifying – Referee: Hannes Sigurðsson Iceland40,000[25]
1967-10-1117:00East Germany East Germany3:2 (1:2) Goals scored: Dyreborg (DEN) 25′, Körner (GDR) 35′, Søndergaard (DEN) 38′, Pankau (GDR) 59′, Pankau (GDR) 73′Denmark DenmarkUEFA Euro 1968 qualifying – Referee: Ryszard Banasiuk Poland25,000[26]
1967-10-2914:00East Germany East Germany1:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Frenzel (GDR) 51′Hungary HungaryUEFA Euro 1968 qualifying – Referee: Robert Helies France110,000[27]
1968-04-24**:**East Germany East Germany3:2 (?:?) Goals scored: ?Bulgaria Bulgaria? – Referee: ? 35,000
1969-07-25**:**East Germany East Germany2:2 (1:1) Goals scored: Löwe (GDR) 6′, Löwe (GDR) 6′, Puzach (URS) 35′, Khmelnytskyi (URS) 59′, Frenzel (GDR) 87′Soviet Union Soviet UnionExhibition match – Referee: Gyula Emsberger Hungary90,000[28]
1971-05-0915:00East Germany East Germany1:2 (0:2) Goals scored: Filipović (YUG) 11′, Džajić (YUG) 19′, Puzach (YUG) 35′, Löwe (GDR) 70′Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia YugoslaviaUEFA Euro 1972 qualifying – Referee: Paul Schiller Austria100,000[29]
1971-09-18**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Borja (MEX) 50′, Löwe (GDR) 80′Mexico MexicoExhibition match – Referee: Gyula Emsberger Hungary20,000[30]
1972-05-27**:**East Germany East Germany1:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Irmscher (GDR) 81′Uruguay UruguayExhibition match – Referee: Bohumil Smejkal Czech Republic20,000[31]
1973-03-26**:**East Germany East Germany2:0 (?:?) Goals scored: ?Romania RomaniaExhibition match – Referee: ? 95,000[32]
1974-05-29**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Streich (GDR) 66', Channon (GDR) 68'England EnglandExhibition match – Referee: György Müncz Hungary100,000[33][34]
1974-12-0717:30East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored: 0Belgium BelgiumUEFA Euro 1976 qualifying – Referee: Sergio Gonella Italy35,000

[35]

1975-10-1214:30East Germany East Germany2:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Bathenay (FRA) 50′, Streich (GDR) 55′, Vogel (GDR) 77′France FranceUEFA Euro 1976 qualifying – Referee: Erik Fredriksson Sweden35,000

[36][37]

1976-04-07**:**East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored: 0Czech Republic CzechoslovakiaFootball at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's qualification – Referee: Vladimir Rudnev Soviet Union45,000[38]
1977-07-28**:**East Germany East Germany2:1 (1:1) Goals scored: Häfner (GDR) 8', Bubnov (USSR) 22', Sparwasser (GDR) 90'Soviet Union Soviet UnionExhibition match – Referee: Marian Kuston Poland95,000[39]
1977-10-12**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:1) Goals scored: Hattenberger (AUT) 43', Löwe (GDR) 50'Austria Austria1978 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Ian Foote Scotland100,000[40]
1978-04-04**:**East Germany East Germany0:1 (0:0) Goals scored: Åslund (SWE) 75'Sweden SwedenExhibition match – Referee: Bogdan Dotchev Bulgaria25,000[41]
1978-09-06**:**East Germany East Germany2:1 (1:0) Goals scored: Pommerenke (GDR) 20', Eigendorf (GDR) 66', Ondruš (TCH) 84'Czechoslovakia CzechoslovakiaExhibition match – Referee: Franz Wöhrer Austria15,000[42]
1979-04-18**:**East Germany East Germany2:1 (0:1) Goals scored: Boniek (POL) 7', Streich (GDR) 50', Lindemann (GDR) 63'Poland PolandUEFA Euro 1980 qualifying – Referee: Azim Zade Soviet Union55,000[43]
1979-11-2117:00East Germany East Germany2:3 (2:1) Goals scored: Schnuphase (GDR) 17', Streich (GDR) 33', Thijssen (NED) 45', Kist (NED) 50', Kerkhof (NED) 67'Netherlands NetherlandsUEFA Euro 1980 qualifying – Referee: António Garrido Portugal100,000[44][45]
1980-04-16**:**East Germany East Germany2:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Weber (GDR) 64', Streich (GDR) 69'Greece GreeceExhibition match – Referee: Torben Månsson Denmark20,000[46]
1980-10-15**:**East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored:0Spain SpainExhibition match – Referee: Jan Veverka Czechoslovakia30,000[47]
1981-10-10**:**East Germany East Germany2:3 (0:2) Goals scored: Szarmach (POL) 2', Smolarek (POL) 5', Schnuphase (GDR) 53', Smolarek (POL) 62', Streich (GDR) 63'Poland Poland1982 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Augusto Lamo Castillo Spain85,000[48][49]
1982-04-14**:**East Germany East Germany1:0 (1:0) Goals scored: Hause (GDR) 20'Italy ItalyExhibition match – Referee: Dusan Krchnak Czechoslovakia28,000[50][51]
1983-03-3017:00East Germany East Germany1:2 (0:1) Goals scored: Van Der Elst (BEL) 35', Vandenbergh (BEL) 70', Streich (GDR) 82'Belgium BelgiumUEFA Euro 1984 qualifying Group 1 – Referee: John Carpenter Republic of Ireland75,000[52]
1983-06-26**:**East Germany East Germany1:3 (1:2) Goals scored: Blokhin (URS) 10', Streich (GDR) 24', Oganesyan (URS) 35', Yevtushenko (URS) 64'Soviet Union Soviet UnionExhibition match – Referee: Károly Palotai Hungary70,000[53]
1984-10-20**:**East Germany East Germany2:3 (1:1) Goals scored: Glowatzky (GDR) 11', Baždarević (YUG) 30', Vokri (YUG) 48', Ernst (GDR) 59', Šestić (YUG) 80'Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Yugoslavia1986 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Horst Brummeier Austria63,000[54]
1985-09-11**:**East Germany East Germany2:0 (0:0) Goals scored: Ernst (GDR) 53', Kreer (GDR) 81'France France1986 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Pietro D'Elia Italy78,000[55][56]
1987-07-28**:**East Germany East Germany0:0 (0:0) Goals scored: 0Hungary HungaryExhibition match – Referee: Jan Damgaard Denmark71,000[57]
1989-05-20**:**East Germany East Germany1:1 (0:1) Goals scored: Polster (AUT) 3', Kirsten (GDR) 86'Austria Austria1990 FIFA World Cup qualification – Referee: Alphonse Constantin Belgium22,000[58]

German Sports Festival (National Olympics for East Germans)

During this festival came at least 150,000.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turn- und Sportfest der DDR.
  • 1956 (2.–5. August): II. Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest
  • 1959 (13.–16. August): III. Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest
  • 1963 (1.–4. August): IV. Deutsches Turn- und Sportfest
  • 1969 (24.–27. July): V. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR
  • 1977 (25.–31. July): VI. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR und VI. Kinder- und Jugendspartakiade
  • 1983 (25.–31. July): VII. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR und IX. Kinder- und Jugendspartakiade
  • 1987 (27. July–2. August): VIII. Turn- und Sportfest der DDR und XI. Kinder- und Jugendspartakiade

Notes

Further reading
  • Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel (in German). Das Neue Berlin. p. 191. ISBN 978-3360012807.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zentralstadion (Leipzig).

See also

References
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  2. "2. 1956 Leipzig vor 120000 Zuschauern /// FussballFanSeiten.de". 26 October 2014. Archived from the original on 20 February 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2021.
  3. Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 25. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  4. Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 9. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  5. Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. pp. 8–18. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  6. Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 23. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  7. Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 26. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  8. Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 134. ISBN 978-3360012807.
  9. Andreas Debski; Michael Kraske; Ingolf Rackwitz (2006). Zentralstadion Leipzig. Vom Stadion der Hunderttausend zum Fussballtempel. Das Neue Berlin. p. 28. ISBN 978-3360012807.
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