Chesapeake and Ohio class T-1

The Chesapeake and Ohio T-1 was a class of forty 2-10-4 steam locomotives built by the Lima Locomotive Works in Lima, Ohio in 1930 and operated until the early 1950s.

C&O T-1 class
T-1 locomotive No. 3021 operating in 1941
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerAdvisory Mechanical Committee
BuilderLima Locomotive Works
Order number1122
Serial number7516–7555
Build date1930
Total produced40
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte2-10-4
 • UIC1′E2′ h2
Gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.33 in (838 mm)
Driver dia.69 in (1,753 mm)
Trailing dia.36 in (914 mm)
43 in (1,092 mm) (trail axle)
Tender wheels36 in (914 mm)
Minimum curve338 ft (103 m) radius / 17°
Wheelbase99 ft 5+3⁄4 in (30.32 m) (Total)
Length111 ft 5+1⁄8 in (33.96 m)
Width11 ft 3 in (3.43 m)
Height16 ft 7 in (5.05 m)
Frame typeBuilt-up
Axle load75,000 lb (38 short tons)
Adhesive weight373,000 lb (186.5 tons)
Loco weight566,000 lb (283 tons)
Tender weight415,000 lb (207.5 tons)
Total weight981,000 lb (490.5 tons)
Tender type23-RA
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity30 tons (60,000 lb)
Water cap.23,500 US gallons
Sandbox cap.72 cu ft (2.0 m3)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		121 sq ft (11.2 m2)
Boiler:
​
 • ModelFire Tube
 • Diameter108 in (2,743 mm)
 • Tube plates21 ft (6 m)
Boiler pressure265 psi (1933-)
260 psi (As built)
Safety valvePop, 3+1⁄2 in (89 mm)
4 per locomotive
Feedwater heaterWorthington 6-S
12,000 US gal / hr capacity
Heating surface6,623.5 sq ft (615 m2)
 • Arch tubes168.5 sq ft (16 m2)
 • Tubes and flues5,978 sq ft (555 m2)
 • Firebox477 sq ft (44 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • TypeType E
 • Heating area3,030 sq ft (281 m2)
CylindersTwo
Cylinder size29 in × 34 in (737 mm × 864 mm)
Valve gearBaker-long travel
Valve typePiston
Valve travel9 in (229 mm)
Valve lap1+15⁄16 in (49 mm)
Valve lead3⁄16 in (5 mm)
Loco brakePneumatic, Schedule 6-ET
Train brakesPneumatic
Performance figures
Maximum speed60 mph (97 km/h)
Power output5,200 hp (3,900 kW) @ 41 mph (66 km/h) (drawbar)
Tractive effort93,350 lbf (Engine)
15,275 lbf (Booster)
108,625 lbf (Total)
Factor of adh.4.00 (Engine)
4.32 (Booster)
Career
OperatorsChesapeake and Ohio
ClassT-1
Numbers3000–3039
Retired1952–1953
DispositionAll scrapped

History and design

The Chesapeake and Ohio tested an Erie Railroad Berkshire locomotive, then stretched the design by adding one more driving axle, creating the 2-10-4. The T-1s were equipped with a trailing truck booster that exerted 15,275 pounds of tractive effort. They could pull the same train as a 2-8-8-2 H-7 and do it faster. The locomotives mainly operated between Russell, Kentucky to Toledo, Ohio, with a few ending up in eastern Virginia. They were rated at 13,500 tons or 160 loaded coal hoppers. They also sported the most heating surface of any two-cylinder steam locomotive, with a combined heating surface of 9,654 square feet (896.9 m2).

Despite their overall success, their long-wheelbase made it difficult to maintain a proper counterbalancing scheme as the drivers wore unevenly in service. Later in their careers, as their built up frames began to work loose, the T-1s rode roughly and pounded the track to the point that a special gang stood by at the bottom of one long grade to repair the damage.[1]

In 1942, the Pennsylvania Railroad based 125 of their J1 class 2-10-4s off of the T-1s with slight modifications.

Accident

On May 12, 1948, no. 3020 suffered a boiler explosion due to a low water level near Chillicothe, Ohio. The engineer, fireman and front brakeman were killed.[2]

Disposition

The C&O began retiring the T-1 locomotives in 1952 in favor of diesel locomotives, and by 1953, all had been retired. None were preserved.

See also

References
  1. "The World of Steam Locomotives". steamlocomotive.com. Retrieved 2022-01-15.
  2. "The 1948 Steam Locomotive Boiler Explosion Outside of Chillicothe, Ohio". YouTube. Retrieved 2022-01-15.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.