Chimgi-Tura

Chimgi-Tura[1] or Chingi-Tura[2] (Russian: Чинги-Тура; Siberian Tatar: Чимке-тора) was a medieval city of the Siberian Tatars in the 12th to 16th centuries located in Western Siberia. After the Russian conquest, it was refounded as Tyumen.[2][3]

Tumen (Chimgi-Tura) on Sigismund von Herberstein's map, published in 1549

History

According to Russian historian Hadi Atlasi, Taibugha founded the settlement which was then named Chinkidin in honor of Genghis Khan. The settlement later evolved into Chimgi-Tura.[4]

It was a capital of the Khanate of Sibir until the early 16th century, when its ruler Khan Muhammad decided not to remain at Chimgi-Tura, and chose a new capital named Qashliq located on the Irtysh.[5]

After the Cossack ataman Yermak Timofeyevich conquered the Siberian Khanate in the 1580s, the city of Chimgi-Tura was abandoned or burned. In 1586, the Russian fort Tyumen was built nearby. Modern Tyumen, one of the centres of the Russian oil industry, covers the site where Chimgi-Tura used to stand.[6]

References
  1. Christian, David (12 March 2018). A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia, Volume II: Inner Eurasia from the Mongol Empire to Today, 1260 - 2000. John Wiley & Sons. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-631-21039-9.
  2. Monahan, Erika (1 April 2016). The Merchants of Siberia: Trade in Early Modern Eurasia. Cornell University Press. p. 259. ISBN 978-1-5017-0396-6.
  3. Akiner, Shirin (5 September 2013). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-136-14266-6.
  4. Bukharaev, Ravil (2014). Islam in Russia: The Four Seasons. Routledge. p. 252. ISBN 978-1-136-80793-0.
  5. Forsyth, James (1994). A History of Peoples of Siberia: Russia's North Asian Colony, 1581-1990. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 25–26. ISBN 0521477719. Retrieved December 11, 2015.
  6. Longworth, Philip (1970). The Cossacks. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-03-081855-4.


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