Chione venosa

Chione
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Gentianales
Family:	Rubiaceae
Subfamily:	Cinchonoideae
Genus:	Chione; DC.
Species:	C. venosa
Binomial name
	Chione venosa; (Sw.) Urb.
Synonyms
	Genus Crusea A.Rich.; Oregandra Standl.; Sacconia Endl.; Species Jacquinia venosa Sw.;

Chione is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing the single species Chione venosa. It is native to the neotropics, occurring in most of Mexico, and throughout Central America, the Caribbean, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It is typically a tree growing 10 to 20 meters tall. In harsh habitats, it may be dwarfed and shrubby. It has no known economic use.

Systematics

The genus Chione was erected by de Candolle in his Prodromus in 1830.[1][2] The name of the genus is derived from the Greek word chion, meaning snow.[3] The biological type for the genus are those plants which de Candolle called Chione glabra.[4] These are now included in Chione venosa var. venosa but per ICN, Chione glabra retains its status as type.[5]

Some authors have assigned as many as 15 species to Chione,[6] but usually only one species is recognized, Chione venosa.[7] In 2003, two species were removed from Chione and placed in a new genus, Colleteria.[5] The remaining species of Chione were combined into one species, Chione venosa, with four varieties.[5] Chione and Colleteria are the only genera in the subfamily Cinchonoideae that have not been assigned to a tribe. They will be placed in a tribe, possibly a new one, after further morphological study.[8]

Varieties

Chione venosa var. buxifolia (Dwyer & M.V.Hayden) David W.Taylor - Panamá
Chione venosa var. cubensis (A.Rich.) David W.Taylor - Cuba, Haiti, Dominican Republic
Chione venosa var. mexicana (Standl.) David W.Taylor - Mexico
Chione venosa var. venosa - southern Mexico, Central America, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Puerto Rico, Trinidad, Lesser Antilles, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú

References

Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. 1830. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. 4: 461.
Chione In: International Plant Names Index
Quattrocchi U (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.
Chione In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile
Taylor DW (2003). "Colleteria (Rubiaceae), a new genus from the Caribbean". Systematics and Geography of Plants. 73 (2): 199–208.
Mabberley DJ (2008). Mabberley's Plant Book (3 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4.
"Chione in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae". Retrieved 12 June 2014.
Manns U, Bremer B (2010). "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56 (1): 21–39. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002. PMID 20382247.

External links

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[decandolle1830-1] Augustin Pyramus de Candolle. 1830. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. 4: 461.

[ipnichione-2] Chione In: International Plant Names Index

[Quattrocchi2000-3] Quattrocchi U (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names. Vol. 1. Boca Raton, New York, Washington DC, London: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.

[ingchione-4] Chione In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile

[Taylor2003-5] Taylor DW (2003). "Colleteria (Rubiaceae), a new genus from the Caribbean". Systematics and Geography of Plants. 73 (2): 199–208.

[Mabberley2008-6] Mabberley DJ (2008). Mabberley's Plant Book (3 ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4.

[WCSP-7] "Chione in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae". Retrieved 12 June 2014.

[Manns2010-8] Manns U, Bremer B (2010). "Towards a better understanding of intertribal relationships and stable tribal delimitations within Cinchonoideae s.s. (Rubiaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 56 (1): 21–39. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.002. PMID 20382247.