Christ's College, Cambridge

Lady Margaret Beaufort, Christ's College Library

Christ's College was founded by William Byngham in 1437 as God's House,[9] on land which was soon after sold to enable the enlargement of King's College.[10] Byngham obtained the first royal licence for God's House in July 1439.[11] The college was founded to provide for the lack of grammar-school masters in England at the time,[12] and the college has been described as "the first secondary-school training college on record".[13] The original site of Godshouse was surrendered in 1443 to King's College, and currently about three-quarters of King's College Chapel stands on the original site of God's House.[14]

After the original royal licence of 1439, three more licences, two in 1442 and one in 1446, were granted before in 1448 God's House received the charter upon which the college was in fact founded.[15] In this charter, King Henry VI was named as the founder, and in the same year the college moved to its current site.[16]

In 1505, the college was endowed by Lady Margaret Beaufort, mother of King Henry VII, and was given the name Christ's College, perhaps at the suggestion of her confessor, the Bishop John Fisher.[17] The expansion in the population of the college in the seventeenth century led to the building, in the 1640s, of the Fellows' Building in what is now Second Court.[17]

The chapel, with a viewing window from the Master's Lodge

The Great Gate of Christ's College

The original 15th/16th century college buildings now form part of First Court, including the chapel, Master's Lodge and Great Gate tower. The gate itself is disproportionate: the bottom has been cut off to accommodate a rise in street level, which can be seen in the steps leading down to the foot of L staircase in the gate tower. The college hall, originally built at the very start of the 16th century, was restored in 1875–1879 by George Gilbert Scott the younger. The lawn of First Court is famously round, and a wisteria sprawls up the front of the Master's lodge.

Second Court is fully built up on only three sides, one of which is formed by the 1640s Fellows' Building. The fourth side backs onto the Master's garden.

The Stevenson Building in Third Court was designed by J. J. Stevenson in the 1880s and was extended in 1905 as part of the College's Quadcentenary. In 1947 Professor Albert Richardson designed a new cupola for the Stevenson building, and a second building, the neo-Georgian Chancellor's Building (W staircase, now known as The Blyth Building), completed in 1950. Third Court's Memorial Building (Y staircase), a twin of the Chancellor's building, also by Richardson, was completed in 1953 at a cost of £80,000.[18] Third Court is also noted for its display of irises in May and June, a gift to the college in 1946.[19]

The controversial tiered concrete New Court (often dubbed "the Typewriter") was designed in the Modernist style by Sir Denys Lasdun in 1966–70, and was described as "superb" in Lasdun's obituary in the Guardian.[20] Design critic Hugh Pearman comments "Lasdun had big trouble relating to the street at the overhanging rear".[21] It appears very distinctively in aerial photographs, forming part of the northern boundary of the college.

An assortment of neighbouring buildings have been absorbed into the college, of which the most notable is the Todd Building, previously Cambridge's County Hall.[22]

Through an arch in the Fellows' Building is the Fellows' Garden. It includes two mulberry trees, of which the older was planted in 1608, the same year as Milton's birth. Both trees have toppled sideways, the younger tree in the Great Storm of 1987, and are now earthed up round the trunks, but continue to fruit every year.[23]

Plan of College

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Christ's College, Cambridge, from above in 2009 1 Great Gate 2 First Court 3 Chapel 4 Master's Lodge 5 Hall 6 Library 7 Second Court 8 Fellows' Building 9 Third Court 10 Memorial Building 11 Stevenson Building 12 Blyth Building 13 Todd Building 14 Four Staircase 15 New Court (Yusuf Hamied Centre) 16 Fellows' Garden

With a deserved reputation even within Cambridge for the highest academic standards, Christ's came first in the Tompkins Table's twentieth anniversary aggregate table,[25] and between 2001 and 2007, it had a mean position of third.[26] Academic excellence continues at Christ's, with 91% of students in 2013 gaining a first class degree or an upper second (II.i). This is significantly higher than the University average of 70%.[27][28]

Christ's is noted for educating two of Cambridge's most famous alumni, the poet John Milton and the naturalist Charles Darwin, who, during the celebrations for the 800th anniversary of the University, were both placed at the foreground as two of the four most iconic individuals in the University's history.[29][30][31] The college has also educated Nobel Laureates including Martin Evans, James Meade, Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd and Duncan Haldane.[32][33] It is the University's 6th largest producer of Nobel Prize winners.

Some of the college's other famous alumni include former archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams, theologian William Paley, historian Simon Schama, South African Prime Minister Jan Smuts, Lord Louis Mountbatten of Burma, medical doctor, scientist, and diplomat Davidson Nicol, and comedians John Oliver, Sacha Baron Cohen, and Andy Parsons.

Christ's College Boat Club's boathouse on the River Cam

The Junior Combination Room (JCR), represents the undergraduate students. It organises social and welfare events, and negotiates on the students' behalf on important issues. The JCR has a standing committee and a common room for all the students. The JCR's counterpart, the Middle Combination Room (MCR) represents the graduate students of the College, and has its own bar. The MCR organises regular Graduate Halls. A Garden Party is held by both the JCR and the MCR every June in the Fellows' Garden. The Senior Combination Room (SCR) is composed solely of fellows of the College and holds two feasts each year.

The Acting Chaplain of the college is Michael Dormandy.

Other societies in Christ's include:

• The Marguerites Club, one of the oldest surviving College societies, reformed in 1899 by Gilbert Jessop the then captain of CUCC. It is believed to have originally formed some ten years earlier, but was soon disbanded. Originally the society was confined to captains and secretaries or those with colours in three sports. Nowadays it is also known as a drinking society, as well as a club recognising sporting excellence. The name originated from the club's original blazer, which was navy blue in colour with the Foundress's 'rebus' or badge, signifying her name, embroidered on the pocket.
• Christ's College Boat Club, the oldest college sports club still active, having been founded in 1830. Like many other Cambridge Colleges, Christ's has its own boathouse on the banks of the Cam.
• Christ's College Rugby Football Club, founded in 1875 by Alfred Cort Haddon,[34] who is considered the father of modern anthropology. In the 1960 Varsity Match, eight of the starting Cambridge team were students at Christ's and all of the side's points were scored by Christ's players.[35] The CCRFC is nicknamed "The Brown Rings" after the brown and white hoops featured on the match kit.
• Christ's College Association Football Club, which prides itself on having won the inter-collegiate Cuppers competition more times than any other.
• Christ's Films, which uses the theatre to screen new films weekly
• Christ's Amateur Dramatic Society
• Christ's College Medical Society
• Christ's Politics Society
• Christ's College Music Society, founded 1710.
• Christ's College Chapel Choir

The College Grace is normally said before any dinner held in the Formal Hall of the College. Though the student body rises for the recitation of the Grace, Christ's is one of the only Colleges in Cambridge where the students do not rise when the Fellows enter and leave the Dining Hall. This is said to be the result of a historical conflict between the Students and Fellows at Christ's, who were on opposite sides during the English Civil War. The words of the Grace are as follows:

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Christ's College, Cambridge.

• Official Christ's College website
• Christ's JCR website Archived 30 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine
• Christ's MCR website
• Christ's biennial May Ball Archived 23 March 2006 at the Wayback Machine
• Exhibition celebrating 400 years since the birth of John Milton
• Cambridge 2000 — Christ's College photographs