Ciudad Ayala

• Coronel Francisco Ayala (Mexican Insurgent) (1760-1812) was the first Insurgent leader from Morelos.[12]
• Eufemio Zapata (1873-1917), the brother of Emiliano Zapata. He was killed by Sidronio Camacho, one of Zapata's commanders, because Eufemio had become drunk and beat and insulted Camacho's father.
• General Pablo Torres Burgos (1877-1911). Torres Burgos founded the liberation club called Melchor Ocampo in 1909 and became a general in 1911. He is remembered for the phrase, "Down with the haciendas! Long live the people!"[6]
• General Emiliano Zapata Salazar (1879-1919) was the leader of the agrarian movement who proposed the Plan de Ayala. Born in Anencuilco, he was assassinated in Chinameca. He is remembered for the slogan, "Land and Liberty."[6]
• Otilio Montaño Sánchez (1887-1917) was the ideologue behind the Plan de Ayala. He was a Zapatista general who became the Minister of Public Education and Fine Arts in 1914.[6] He was executed for betraying the Mexican Revolution in 1917.

Presidents of Ciudad Ayala, 1922–present[13]

San Pedro Apatlaco is an agricultural community with 736 hectares (1,819 acres) belonging to 318 producers. The most important crops are onions, beans, and corn. Dairy cattle are raised. There is small-scale commerce and industry. Apatlaco has a population of 13,032.[1] The distance from Ciudad Ayala is approximately two kilometers.[17] Its holidays are February 2 (Candlemas) and June 29 (Saint Peter).[6]

Anenecuilco is an agricultural community with 1,328 hectares (3,283 acres) and 507 farmers who grow sugarcane, corn, sorghum, onions, and gladiolus. There is also trade and to a lesser extent, tourism.[17] Its holidays are the fifth Friday of Lent, August 8 (birth of Emiliano Zapata); September 29 (Saint Michael the Archangel).[6] The popoulation is 11,227.[1]

Tenextepango is an agricultural community. Principal crops are vegetables such as beans, corn, and zucchini, as well as sugar cane. 1,039 hectares are cultivated by 456 producers. Trade is another important activity, as well as tourism since its annual fair is one of the most important in the area. It has a population of 8,835 inhabitants[1] and its distance to Ciudad Ayala head is 6 km.[17] Its fair is July 25 (James, son of Zebedee).[6]

Ciudad de Ayala is the municipal seat. It has 6,335 inhabitants[1] and is located 60 km (37.3 miles) from Cuernavaca and 6 km (3.7 miles) from Cuautla. It is primarily an agricultural community; the most important crops are sugar cane, corn, sorghum, rice, onions, and vegetables, grown on 2,002.4 hectares (4,948 acres). Cattle, goats, horses, and poultry are raised. Commerce and tourism are also important to the economy.[17] Holidays are March 19 (Saint Joseph) and December 12 (Our Lady of Guadalupe).[6]

Jaloxtoc has 4,026 inhabitants.[1] Onions, corn, and sorghum are grown on 1,195 hectares by 295 farmers. Cattle, goats, and horses are raised. It is 15 km (9.3 miles) from Ciudad Ayala.[17]

Tlayecac is agricultural with sorghum and corn grown on 1,234 hectares by 195 producers. Cattle, pigs, and goats are raised. The industrial park is located in Tlayecac, which is 13 km from Ciudad Ayala.[17] April 25 (Mark the Evangelist) is its local holiday.[6] Its 2020 population was 2,879.[1]

Other communities are:

The municipality of Ayala is located in the central part of the state, between 18°46'North and 98°59'West, at an altitude of 1,220 meters (4,000 ft.) above sea level. To the north are the municipalities of Yautepec, Cuautla. and Yecapixtla, to the south Tepalcingo and Tlaquiltenango; to the east Temoac, Jantetelco, and Jonacatepec; while to the west are Tlaltizapán and Yautepec. It is approximately 60 km from Cuernavaca.[6] and 117 km (73 miles) south of Mexico City.

Ayala is part of the fertile valley of the Plain of Amilpas. The most important hills are El Tenayo, El Aguacate, El Jimil and Cerro Prieto each has an altitude of about 1,500 meters (4920 ft.) above sea level.[6]

The Ayala River receives water from El Hospital and Calderón ravines, flowing south past Abelardo L. Rodríguez, Olintepec, and Moyotepec, where the waters of the Ahuehueyo ravine join it. In the east, it crosses the Barranca de la Cuera, the Papayos, the Guayabos, and Tlayecac, then continues south through Jaloxtoc. Downstream it joins the Cuautla River, which continues through San Vicente de Juárez and Tecomalco, to flow into the Amacuzac River, a branch of the Balsas River. There are also small springs such as Axocoche, El Colibrí, and El Platanal. There is a dam in Palo Blanco.[6]

Ayala has a warm subhumid climate. Its average annual rainfall is 800 mm. (31") and it has an average annual temperature of 24 °C (75 °F). Prevailing winds blow from northeast to southwest.[6] The rainy season is June to October, and the dry season is October to June. April and May are the hottest months.

The vegetation consists of low deciduous forest, mainly cubatas, casahuates, tulips, amates (Acacia), framboyanes, guamuchil (a thorny tree with red fruit), guaje colorado, mesquite, palo dulce, bonnet, tepejuaje, and fruit trees such as Annona, cherimoya, mamey, plum, and guava.

Animal life is also very varied. Mammals include raccoon, badger, rabbit, skunk, armadillo, tlacuache, and coyote. Birds include magpie, buzzard, owl, and sparrowhawk. There are iguanas and scorpions. Fish include catfish and mojarra.[6]