Clarence Herbert Smith
Clarence Herbert Smith (10 August 1855 in Alma, Victoria — 25 July 1901 in Ardrossan, South Australia) was an Australian agriculturalist, engineer, blacksmith and inventor.
Clarence Herbert Smith | |
|---|---|
 Clarence Herbert Smith | |
| Born | September 10, 1855 |
| Died | July 25, 1901 (aged 45) |
| Occupation(s) | agriculturalist, engineer, blacksmith and inventor |
| Known for | stump-jump plough |
He was a farmer at Kalkabury, north of Arthurton, South Australia, from around 1875.
Under the direction of his brother, Richard Bowyer Smith, C. H. Smith created the first stump-jump plough, entitled the Vixen, in 1876. The South Australian government had offered a reward of £200 to anyone who could develop an effective mechanical stump puller due to frustration with lack of productivity efficiency on its farms with current equipment.
The plough consisted of a number of hinged shares (originally three): when the blade encountered an underground obstacle, it would rise out of the ground. Attached weights forced the blade back into the ground after the root was passed, allowing as much of the ground to be furrowed as possible. Although unorthodox, it proved remarkably effective, and was dubbed the "stump-jump" plough.
C. H. Smith worked on improving the plough, and demonstrated the improved model at the Moonta Agricultural Show with much success. Both the single and triple plough model were awarded first prize. R. B. Smith took out a patent in 1877 for the design, he allowed it to lapse.
C. H. Smith established a factory in Ardrossan, South Australia in 1880, and started producing ploughs. R. B. Smith was later credited as the inventor of the design by the Parliament of South Australia in 1882, however C. H. continued manufacturing them because his brother had allowed the patent to lapse. R. B. Smith relocated to Western Australia two years later.
C. H. Smith married Emma Sarah Beck in 1879. Upon his death in 1901, C. H. Smith's business was transferred to his two sons, C. Glen Smith and Alma O. Smith, who married Eva Alderman, also of Ardrossan, on 27 August 1907.
The company, Clarence H. Smith Ltd, ceased operations in 1934, during the Great Depression.
References
- D. W., Meinig (1972). On the Margins of the Good Earth. Adelaide, South Australia: Rigby. ISBN 0-85179-046-1.
- Neumann, Beryl (1986). The Smith brothers and the stump jump plough. Maitland, South Australia: National Trust of South Australia.
- "State Library of South Australia Archival database: Clarence Herbert Smith". State Library of South Australia. Archived from the original on 18 July 2005. Retrieved 28 August 2007.
- André, Roger. "Smith, Clarence Herbert (1865 - 1901)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 28 August 2007.
- "The Smith Brothers". Flinders Ranges Research. Retrieved 28 August 2007.
- "Tomorrow's World, the Australian Initiative: Early Innovations in Agriculture". Associated Publishing Corporation. Retrieved 28 August 2007.
- "Treasures of the State Library: Stump Jump Plough". State Library of South Australia. Archived from the original on 2 September 2007. Retrieved 28 August 2007.