Cleistocactus winteri

Cleistocactus winteri is a succulent of the family Cactaceae. Its common name is the golden rat tail.[2] Cleistocactus winteri subsp. colademono, as its synonym Cleistocactus colademononis, has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[3]

Golden rat tail
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Genus: Cleistocactus
Species:
C. winteri
Binomial name
Cleistocactus winteri
D.Hunt
Synonyms
  • Cleistocactus winteri subsp. colademono
  • Borzicactus colademononis (Diers & Krahn) Lodé
  • Cleistocactus colademononis (Diers & Krahn) Mottram
  • Hildewintera colademononis Diers & Krahn
  • Winterocereus colademononis (Diers & Krahn) Metzing & R.Kiesling
  • Cleistocactus winteri subsp. winteri
  • Borzicactus aureispinus (F.Ritter) G.D.Rowley
  • Cleistocactus aureispinus (F.Ritter) D.R.Hunt
  • Hildewintera aureispina (F.Ritter) F.Ritter ex G.D.Rowley
  • Winteria aureispina F.Ritter
  • Winterocereus aureispinus (F.Ritter) Backeb.


Description

This plant is a columnar cactus that forms huge tangled mounds of fairly rapid growth hanging or creeping, green shoots, up to 90 centimetres (35 in) high with stems 2 to 2.5 centimetres (3⁄4 to 1 in) in diameter and 16 to 17 ribs, with 50 spines 0.4 to 1 centimetre (1⁄8 to 3⁄8 in) long. The brown areoles on it are close together. It has many short bristly golden spines that are flexible, thin and straight and literally cover the surface of the stems. The approximately 20 stronger central spines are 5 to 10 millimeters long. The plant requires water during the summer and to be kept dry in the winter. It reproduces by seeds and cuttings. [4]

It has salmon-pink flowers in spring and summer that are 4 to 6 centimetres (1+1⁄2 to 2+1⁄4 in) long and 5 centimetres (2 in) in diameter. Depending on the position of the shoots, the flowers are bent upwards to outwards to upright. The bracts are orange-red. The outer ones are radiating to slightly reflexed, the inner ones distinctly shorter and erect. Its flowers survive for a few days before transitioning to fruit for a short period of time which are 1 centimetre (3⁄8 in) long. The stamens and style protrude from the flower. The barrel-shaped, green to reddish-green fruits are 7 to 10 millimeters long and reach the same diameter.[5]

  • form
    form
  • close-up
    close-up
  • Flower
    Flower
  • Flower buds of C. winteri subsp. colademonis
    Flower buds of C. winteri subsp. colademonis

Subspecies

Recognized Subspecies:[6]

ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Cleistocactus winteri subsp. colademonis D.R.Hunt (2005) Cola de Mono, Colademono, Monkey tail cactusBolivia (Santa Cruz)
Cleistocactus winteri subsp. winterigolden rat tailBolivia

Distribution

Cleistocactus winteri is distributed in the Bolivian department of Santa Cruz in the province of Florida at altitudes of about 1400 to 1500 meters where it hangs on rocks.

Taxonomy

The first description as Winteria aureispina was in 1962 by Friedrich Ritter.[7] David Richard Hunt placed the species in the genus Cleistocactus in 1988. A new name was necessary because the name Cleistocactus aureispinus Frič (1928) already existed. Nomenclature synonyms are Winterocereus aureispinus (F.Ritter) Backeb. (1966), Hildewintera aureispina (F.Ritter) F.Ritter (1968), Loxanthocereus aureispinus (F.Ritter) F.Buxbaum (1974), Borzicactus aureispinus (F.Ritter) G.D.Rowley (1975) and Cleistocactus aureispinus (F. Ritter) D.R.Hunt (1987, nom. illegal).


References
  1. "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010-09-21. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
  2. "Cleistocactus winteri".
  3. "Cleistocactus colademononis". The Royal Horticultural Society. 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  4. Arana, Carme Farré (2005). Le grand livre des cactus et autres plantes grasses (in French). De Vecchi. p. 93. ISBN 2-7328-1395-8.
  5. Anderson, Edward F.; Eggli, Urs (2005). Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon (in German). p. 128. ISBN 3-8001-4573-1.
  6. "Cleistocactus winteri D.R.Hunt". Plants of the World Online. 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2023-09-01.
  7. "Au Cactus Francophone :". Au Cactus Francophone (in French). Retrieved 2023-09-01.
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